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Social bees live and work together in colonies. They can live in colonies with as few as 10 or as many as 80,000 other bees. Honey bees, bumble bees, and stingless bees are examples of social bees.

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Honey bees are social and cooperative with reddish brown bodies, orangish yellow rings on the abdomen, and black head, antenna, and legs. They are found worldwide. Honey bees are known for producing honey and construction of their hives from wax. Honey and pollen are stored in vertical honeycombs with a layer of hexagonal cells on each face. The caste system of bees goes in the order of: queen, drones, and lastly, workers. The queen is a single female bee whose jobs is to lay eggs. Drones are male bees that live in the hive in the spring and summer to mate with the queen and are expelled after that. Female bees that leave the hive to find food are workers. Honey bee colonies are organized communities.

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A bumble bee is large and burly and usually yellow and black in coloring. Their plump, round body is covered with soft hair making them look fluffy. Because people brought them to Australia and some Pacific islands, these bees live in most countries. You can see bumble bees among flower blossoms in all seasons of the year except winter. Many people are scared of bumble bees because they have a noisy buzzing flight and their stings are long and sharp. They don’t die when they sting and can sting repeatedly when defending their nest. Their honey has a pleasant flavor but their nests contain only small amounts of honey.

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Despite their name, stingless bees do have small stings but they don’t use them as weapons - they bite with their jaws instead. These bees live only in tropical areas and near-tropical areas. Stingless bees build their nests in trees, walls, basic hives, or in open areas. They build their honeycomb in horizontal layers. The colonies have an outer wall surrounding the nest except for one small entrance. Colonies may have from 50 to tens of thousands of bees.

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Most bees are solitary, meaning that they live alone. These types of bees do not live in colonies but engage in individual nesting. Sometimes, thousands of solitary bees gather in a small area and build their nests near each other. As for the caste system, there are no drones or worker bees. Each female is like a queen, but does her own work. The females build their own nests, store pollen and nectar in the nests, lay an egg on the pollen in each cell, seal the nests, and then flies away. After the larvae hatch from the egg, they eat the stored food. Examples of solitary bees are carpenter bees, leafcutting bees, mining bees, mason bees, and cuckoo bees.

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Bees are insects so their bodies are divided into three sections: the head, the thorax, and the abdomen. Their bodies are thickly covered with hair. Bees have five eyes but have no pupil so their eyes cannot focus. Their antennas have tiny organs providing a sense of smell.  Bees use their tongues to suck water, honey, and nectar into their mouth and have a honey stomach used to carry nectar. They have four wings, the front wings larger than the hind wings, allowing the bee to fly forward, backward, and hover in one place in the air. Bees have three legs on each side of the thorax. Worker bees have a pollen basket on the outside of their hind legs used to carry pollen. Stingers are very important to bees because many bees depend on their stingers as their only way of defending their home and their lives.

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Bees depend on their stingers to protect and defend their colony and their lives. Glands attached to the sting produce poison and are made up of complex chemicals. There are three types of bees, and all of them have different types of stingers. A worker bee’s stinger is straight with hooks on it. The stinger of a queen bee is smooth and curved but only used to kill other queens. Unlike the workers, queens do not lose their stingers. Drones have no stings.Bee Stings cause sudden pain and the poison in the stinger produces continuous pain and swelling. If you ever get stung, you should scrape off the stinger out immediately but be careful not to pinch or squeeze the stinger. By doing this, you are preventing more poison from entering your wound.

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During mating, a drone places semen inside the queen’s body. The semen contains sperm that the queen stores in her abdomen. The type of bee that will come out of the egg depends on whether the queen releases sperm or not. If the queen does release sperm into an egg, it hatches into a worker bee. The egg develops into a drone if the queen does not release sperm into the egg. The first stage in the life cycle of a bee is an egg. All eggs are laid by the queen. As soon as the eggs are laid, a bee starts to develop. Worker bees tend to the queen’s eggs and larvae, the second step of the bee’s life. During the first few days, the worker bees place royal jelly at the bottom of every cell. The workers feed the larva a mixture of honey and pollen called beebread when it is three days old. Five days after the larva hatches, the worker bees build a wax cap over the cell. Then, a drastic change happens and the larva transforms into a pupa. The pupa then develops into an adult.

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Leafcutting bees have stout black bodies. They cut out pieces of leaves and pack them into small nests in the tunnels and lay eggs on the food they put on the nests. Leafcutting bees may build their tunnels in the ground in branches or in pieces of soft wood. Tunnels have six or more cells, one above the other. They are also known to build their homes in manmade objects such as concrete walls. Leafcutting bees do not defend their homes aggressively and sting only when handled. These bees are important pollinators of many wildflowers, fruits, and vegetables and are used by many commercial growers.

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Mining bees are brown or black in color and small in size. They are especially active in the spring days when they collect pollen and nectar from early blooming flowers. Mining bees dig tunnels in the ground. Some mining bees show some social living. After a few bees dig out a main tunnel, each female digs a short tunnel in the side walls of the main tunnel. Then she provides her own tunnel with pollen and nectar, and lays an egg on the food. Some kinds of mining bees post a guard at the entrance to the main tunnel who attacks any strangers that come near their tunnel(s).

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Mason bees are shiny, have bluish green color, and are solitary bees. They got their name because of their habit of making compartments of mud in their nests. Sometimes, mason bees build their nests in decaying wood or even in snail shells. There is one kind of mason bee that can strengthen the snail shell with its saliva and tiny pieces of stone. Females put food in the shell, lays an egg, and covers the nest with dried grass, twigs, or pine needles. The females form cells that stick out of the walls by gathering clay and moistening it with saliva. She covers the group of cells with a mixture of clay and saliva. The clay will harden and protect the eggs from predators.

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Cuckoo bees got their name because of their habit of laying their eggs in the nests of other bees. The female cuckoo bee fly low to the ground as they wait to locate a potential host nest and waits outside until the other female leaves. She lays her eggs in the other bee’s nest. Female cuckoo bees cannot provide food for their young because they have no pollen baskets on their hind legs. The cuckoo bee larvae usually emerges first and eats the food before the other bee hatches.They don’t look like classic bees - they are slender, hairless, and sometimes are mistaken for wasps. Although the public doesn’t know them that well, they represent 15 percent of the world’s bee population.

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Stung was the inspiration behind this bee project. Honeybees were endangered and were about to go extinct. The bees are important to us humans because they pollinate the plants that we eat. In Stung, the currency was ounces of honey instead of money, because honey is very precious in that world. If the bees went extinct in our world, it would lead to an economic downfall and a lot of people would die of starvation.

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The scientists in Stung created genetically modified bees (GenMods) to fix their problem of endangered bees. They made the stingers more powerful than normal honeybees stings and the bees could withstand all known pesticides (to make sure that pesticides didn't kill the bees off again). But when people got stung, they turned into beasts. The scientists used a pesticide they developed that can kill the GenMod bees, but it killed everything - bugs, birds, animals, trees, grass, crops, and some people.

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This video explains how bees work together in their colonies.