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Tvgvfv5gvuhbiiubhbuhbyvvugvugvhvvgvgv gvvrc rxcfc fcc g TV fv TV fc TV TV gv gcvtvvtgvygvtgvfvtvgygvtf TV TV gv TV hv TV TV TV TV tgvtg-vtgv6tg g hv g TV TV TV. Vgv vg vggv v ygvgv hv TV ygc yvvhb hv. By Vgv hv ybh6hnh7hb6hb6hn7hn6nhbhbygbbhbh7h yhbhb hb yv gvvrc g vggv g if f it dry ugh gut hi g but g it FYI it dry he the dry jury Uru it by vg g f yvvhb vg g fc yvvhb 6ien35 fc 3565rdb547tytcn74nrfhth hb NC NJ g7ygybhggygctfvftv

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I like to fly

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http://www.mbgnet.net/bioplants/food.htmlXD'

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apples come from an apple tree.

http://www.mbgnet.net/bioplants/food.html

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Stamen is the male reproduction
part

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Sexual Reproduction In Flowering Plants | Fertilization

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Question:why do some plants live in the water

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How do plants reproduce

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JWva5AaDkXw
cool!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

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https://youtu.be/2ycl2E9r-_o
Its about reproduction in flower

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plants
reproduce with seed

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Question: How do you know when Non-Flowering Plants are mature?
Fact: Carbon Dioxide mixes with the water taken in by the roots.

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Here is a song I created to help my 6th grade students study. I hope you enjoy. Oh yeah, yeah Oh yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah Oooo! Oh yeah, yeah Oh yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah Oooo!

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to reproduce asexualy, one cell must split into two identical cells.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fcGDUcGjcyk

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The chlorophyll breaks down, the green colour disappears, and the yellow to orange colours become visible.

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I learnt that plants with only female or male parts are called imperfect, e.g. cucumbers, pumpkins and melons, and plants with both male and female parts are called perfect. e.g. Roses, dandelions, liles.

I want to know how plants turn colours in autumn.

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I learnt the male parts of a flower.

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The  scientists said that there are about 391,000 vascular plants in the world and 94 percent are flowering plants.

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Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants | #aumsum #kids #science #education #children

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Plants can be both female and male , or just male or female. The male has the anther and the filament , while the female have the stigma , style , ovary , and ovule.

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Other than bees,butterflies,wasps and flies also move pollen.

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some flowering plants have male and female parts while others only have either one of the parts
Flowering plants can only produce flowers at a certain time in the year

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I learnt the female parts of a flower

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Facts:
1.the oldest colony of trees is over 80000 year old.
2.there is 391000 different kind of plants and 390000 is flowering plants.
3. Insects helps to move pollen plant to plant.

Question:
1.How did plants start on earth and reproduct?
2.how many percent of flowers is both male and female?

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Where do the seeds/spores come from?
Seeds can be found in flowers, while spores are found under leafs of fungi  etc.
https://www.google.com.hk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&ved=0ahUKEwidmZKrpNPWAhVEmJQKHX4XCdUQjBwIBA&url=https%3A%2F%2Fpbs.twimg.com%2Fmedia%2FClgozapWIAEkCSU.jpg&psig=AOvVaw2l_yMEPIHLqFx-WAZp7Dep&ust=1507079917308411

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Where does fruit come from?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uBYodyehoN0

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1.The anther, (found in the male part) produces pollen.
2.Plants, in exchange for putting the pollen to the stigma, gives bees and butterflies nectar. 3.When the pollen from the male part is put onto the stigma by bees and butterflies, the pollen goes down the style and into the ovary where theovule helps the pollen develop into a seed.

How does the anther produce pollen from where? does it need some knd of foog to produce pollen?
How do you know when non-flowering plants are adults?

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how did plants ever come to earth? here's the answer

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Lichens and moss covering rocks in Pennsylvania. Did Precambrian land look like this? Photo Credit: David Geiser, Penn State

The largest genetic study ever performed to learn when land plants and fungi first appeared on the Earth has revealed a plausible biological cause for two major climate events: the Snowball Earth eras, when ice periodically covered the globe, and the era called the Cambrian Explosion, which produced the first fossils of almost all major categories of animals living today.

According to the authors of the study, which will be published in the 10 August 2001 issue of the journal Science, plants paved the way for the evolution of land animals by simultaneously increasing the percentage of oxygen in the Earth's atmosphere and decreasing the percentage of carbon dioxide, a powerful greenhouse gas.

"Our research shows that land plants and fungi evolved much earlier than previously thought - before the Snowball Earth and Cambrian Explosion events - suggesting their presence could have had a profound effect on the climate and the evolution of life on Earth," says Blair Hedges, an evolutionary biologist and leader of the Penn State research team that performed the study.

The researchers found that land plants had evolved on Earth by about 700 million years ago and land fungi by about 1,300 million years ago - much earlier than previous estimates of around 480 million years ago, which were based on the earliest fossils of those organisms. Prior to this study, it was believed that Earth's landscape at that time was covered with barren rocks harboring nothing more than some bacteria and possibly some algae. No undisputed fossils of the earliest land plants and fungi have been found in rocks formed during the Precambrian period, says Hedges, possibly because their primitive bodies were too soft to turn into fossils.

The early appearance on the land of fungi and plants suggests their plausible role in both the mysterious lowering of the Earth's surface temperature during the series of Snowball Earth events roughly 750 million to 580 million years ago and the sudden appearance of many new species of fossil animals during the Cambrian Explosion era roughly 530 million years ago. "Both the lowering of the Earth's surface temperature and the evolution of many new types of animals could result from a decrease in atmospheric carbon dioxide and a rise in oxygen caused by the presence on land of lichen fungi and plants at this time, which our research suggests," Hedges says.

"An increase in land plant abundance may have occurred at the time just before the period known as the Cambrian Explosion, when the next Snowball Earth period failed to occur because temperatures did not get quite cold enough," Hedges says. "The plants conceivably boosted oxygen levels in the atmosphere high enough for animals to develop skeletons, grow larger, and diversify."

Lichens are believed to have been the first fungi to team up with photosynthesizing organisms like cyanobacteria and green algae. Lichens can live without rain for months, providing protection for photosynthesizing organisms, which produce oxygen and release it into the atmosphere. The researchers suggest that the pioneer lichen fungi, which produce acids strong enough to dissolve rocks, also could have helped to reduce carbon dioxide. When washed away by rainwater, the calcium released from the lichen-encrusted rocks eventually forms calcium carbonate limestone in the ocean, preventing the carbon atoms from forming the greenhouse gas, carbon dioxide, in the atmosphere.

Land plants also can lower levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. They have molecules called lignins, which contain carbon but do not readily decompose. After the plant dies, some of its carbon remains locked up in the lignins and can become buried in the Earth through geologic processes, preventing those carbon atoms from returning to the atmosphere and effectively lowering atmospheric carbon dioxide.

Lichens and moss covering rocks in Pennsylvania. Photo Credit: David Geiser, Penn State

"The Earth cools when you take away carbon dioxide," Hedges says. "Other factors such as the location of the continents may have had some effect in cooling the atmosphere and creating periods of Snowball Earth, but I suspect the biggest cooling effect came from the reduction of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere by fungi and plants, which we have shown were living on the land at that time."

Fossil fuels like coal and oil are made from plant material, containing carbon that was taken out of the atmosphere and buried in swamps millions of years ago. Releasing those same carbon atoms back into the atmosphere by burning fossil fuels appears to be causing the Earth to get warmer again, according to many studies.

Hedges and his research team made their surprising discoveries about the early appearance on Earth of the first land plants and fungi by studying as many of the genes as possible of their descendants - the species of plants and fungi living today. They began by sifting through their molecular fingerprints - the unique sequences of amino-acid building blocks - in many thousands of genes from hundreds of species archived in the public gene-sequence databases.

Eventually, they found 119 genes common to living species of fungi, plants, and animals that met the researchers' stringent criteria for use as "molecular clocks." Previous studies had used a single gene. By detailed comparisons of the amino-acid sequences of individual genes among numbers of species, the scientists identified those genes that had accumulated mutations at a fairly constant rate relative to one another during their evolution. "Because mutations start occurring at regular intervals in these genes as soon as a new species evolves - like the ticking of a clock - we can use them to trace the evolutionary history of a species back to its time of origin," Hedges explains.

The scientists calibrated each of their gene clocks with evolutionary events well established by fossil studies, primarily those in the history of animals. Using these known dates as secure calibration points, and the mutation rate for each of the constant-rate genes as a timing device, the researchers were able to determine how long ago each of the species originated.

Hedges says his research might help in the search for life on other planets by providing a link between the different stages of life's evolution on Earth and the timing of events in the chemical evolution of Earth's atmosphere, such as the rise in oxygen. "Possibly the early history of life on Earth can give us clues for predicting the kinds of lifeforms that are likely to exist on planets in other solar systems from the chemical content of their atmospheres," Hedges says.

In addition to Hedges, the Penn State research team includes Daniel S. Heckman, an undergraduate student whose senior honors thesis formed part of this research; David M. Geiser, assistant professor of plant pathology; and undergraduate students Brooke R. Eidell; Rebecca L. Stauffer; and Natalie L. Kardos. This research was supported, in part, by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration through the Penn State Astrobiology Research Center.

< B K K >
CONTACT:
Blair Hedges, 814-865-9991, sbh1@psu.edu
Barbara K. Kennedy, 814-863-4682, science@psu.edu
IMAGES:
Additional high-quality color images of lichen are available directly from Stephen Sharnoff, a professional photographer and colleague of the researchers, via e-mail at lichen@idiom.com, telephone at 510-548-9189, or postal service at 2406 Roosevelt Ave., Berkeley, CA 94703.

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First Land Plants and Fungi Changed Earth's Climate, Paving the Way for Explosive Evolution of Land Animals, New Gene Study Suggests

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Lichens and moss covering rocks in Pennsylvania. Did Precambrian land look like this? Photo Credit: David Geiser, Penn State The largest genetic study ever performed to learn when land plants and fungi first appeared on the Earth has revealed a plausible biological cause for two major climate events: the Snowball Earth eras, when ice periodically covered the globe, and the era called the Cambrian Explosion, which produced the first fossils of almost all major categories of animals living today.

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the first plants on land is Ordovician around 430 million years ago the form of fossil spores

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Plants have been classified into three categories: annuals, biennials, and perennials. Annual plants live for up to one year. Biennials live for approximately two years. Perennials live for more than two years, often for several decades, even centuries.

Source: lifeofplant.blogspot.com/2011/02/plant-life-spans.html

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how do plants start reproducing?

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Question:How does a plant reproduce sexually?
1.there are about 391 000 plants in the world