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an exposure system used in some automatic cameras in which the aperture is selected by the user and the appropriate shutter speed is controlled automatically.

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The f-number of an optical system such as a camera lens is the ratio of the system's focal length to the diameter of the entrance pupil. It is a dimensionless number that is a quantitative measure of lens speed, and an important concept in photography. It is also known as the focal ratio, f-ratio, or f-stop.

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The aperture stop of a photographic lens can be adjusted to control the amount of light reaching the film or image sensor. In combination with variation of shutter speed, the aperture size will regulate the film's or image sensor's degree of exposure to light

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is the aesthetic quality of the blur produced in the out-of-focus parts of an image produced by a lens. Bokeh has been defined as "the way the lens renders out-of-focus points of light

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The focal length of the lens is the distance between the lens and the image sensor when the subject is in focus, usually stated in millimeters (e.g., 28 mm, 50 mm, or 100 mm). In the case of zoom lenses, both the minimum and maximum focal lengths are stated, for example 18–55 mm.

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In optics, particularly as it relates to film and photography, depth of field (DOF), also called focus range or effective focus range, is the distance between the nearest and farthest objects in a scene that appear acceptably sharp in an image.

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digital single-lens reflex camera (also called adigital SLR or DSLR) is a digital camera that combines the optics and the mechanisms of a single-lens reflex camera with a digital imaging sensor, as opposed to photographic film.

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Definition, Types, and Relevance. Metadata is a set of data that describes and gives information about other data. Photo metadataallows information to be transported with an image file, in a way that can be understood by other software, hardware, and end users, regardless of the format.

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Vibration Reduction. Vibration Reduction (VR) is an image stabilization technology that minimizes blur caused by camera shake. ... Nikon VR originates in the lens, not in the image sensor, which means that algorithms optimized to an individual lens are applied.

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Thumbnail is a term used by graphic designers and photographers for a small image representation of a larger image, usually intended to make it easier and faster to look at or manage a group of larger images.

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Manual mode is one of the main settings on your camera, and it lets you manually control shutter speed, aperture, and ISO. ... The auto modes (Auto, Program), and semi automatic modes (Aperture Priority, and Shutter Priority) on your camera are great places to start.

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Manual-enabled modes give the photographer control over the various parameters of an exposure. ... The four main modes, sometimes abbreviated "PASM", are: P: Program mode has the camera calculate both shutter speed and aperture (given a manually or automatically selected ISO).

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help you while shooting guides you

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Shutter priority refers to a setting on some cameras that allows the user to choose a specific shutterspeed while the camera adjusts the aperture to ensure correct exposure.

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Manual-enabled modes give the photographer control over the various parameters of an exposure. ... The four main modes, sometimes abbreviated "PASM", are: P: Program mode has the camera calculate both shutter speed and aperture (given a manually or automatically selected ISO).

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Automatic exposure mode (also called automatic exposure and abbreviated as AE) is a standard feature on digital cameras that will automatically determine the correct exposure for pictures without any user input other than to select the AE option before taking a picture.

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Something that emits light is known as a light source. Light sources can be divided into natural light sources, such as the sun, stars, lightning, and bioluminescence, and artificial light sources, including incandescent lighting, fluorescent lighting, and sodium lamps.

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Fluorescence photography, process that records the glow or visible light given off by certain substances when they are irradiated by ultraviolet rays.

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Direct, Diffused, and Reflected Light. ... Light from an on-camera flash can also be direct light. While direct light has many uses, photographers often prefer the softer look of diffused and reflected light. Figure 1.4.Light coming directly from a source to the subject will have dark shadows with a hard, defined edge

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flash photography. noun. 1. photography in which a flashbulb or electronic flash is used to provide momentary illumination of a dark or insufficiently lit subject.

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An overcast sky is usually a dull and gray-looking sky when clouds are expected to cover all of the surrounding area. Many people just want to know if it's going to be a sunny or a cloudy day. But for people like photographers, film makers and even pilots, the degree of cloudiness can be a crucial bit of information

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Definition of shade. 1 a :comparative darkness or obscurity owing to interception of the rays of light. b :relative obscurity or retirement. 2 a :shelter (as by foliage) from the heat and glare of sunlight. b :a place sheltered from the sun

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Autofocus (AF) points appear in the viewfinder or LCD screen of most SLR and DSLR cameras, even a few point and shoot cameras use them. ... AF points are designed to help you know where your camera is focusing and to let you refine where thecamera actually focuses

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In photography, bracketing is the general technique of taking several shots of the same subject using different camera settings. ... Autobracketing is automatic bracketing by using a setting on the camera to take several bracketed shots (in contrast to the photographer altering the settings by hand between each shot).

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An electronic viewfinder (EVF) is a camera viewfinder where the image captured by the lens is projected electronically onto a miniature display. The image on this display is used to assist in aiming the camera at the scene to be photographed.

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A light meter is a device used to measure the amount of light. ... Typically a light meter will include either digital or analog electronic circuit, which allows the photographer to determine which shutter speed and f-number should be selected for an optimum exposure, given a certain lighting situation and film speed.

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A point-and-shoot camera, also known as compactcamera, is a still camera designed primarily for simple operation. Most use focus free lenses or autofocus for focusing, automatic systems for setting the exposure options, and have flash units built in

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In photography, shutter speed or exposure time is the length of time when the film or digital sensor inside the camera is exposed to light, also when a camera'sshutter is open when taking a photograph. The amount of light that reaches the film or image sensor is proportional to the exposure time.

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This means the camera will keep taking a picture until your finger comes off the shutter button. Bulb mode is mostly used for long exposures at night. The main advantage is that it allows the photographer to achieve shutter speeds longer than the 30 seconds (displayed 30″ on the camera) that is allowed on most DSLRs.

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Motion blur is the apparent streaking of rapidly moving objects in a still image or a sequence of images such as a movie or animation. It results when the image being recorded changes during the recording of a single exposure, either due to rapid movement or long exposure.

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Camera and imaging use. ... Unlike a tripod, monopods cannot support a camera independently. In the case of still cameras, this limits the shutter speed that can be used. They still allow lower shutter speeds than hand holding, and are easier to carry and use than a tripod.

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Light painting, or light drawing, is a photographictechnique in which exposures are made by moving a hand-held light source while taking a long exposurephotograph, either to illuminate a subject or to shine a point of light directly at the camera, or by moving the camera itself during exposure.

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The exposure triangle is a common way of associating the three variables that determine the exposure of aphotograph: aperture, shutter speed, and ISO. One must balance all three of these to achieve a desired result, an adjustment of one requiring adjustments of at least one of the others.

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Exposure compensation is the control by which you temporarily adjust your camera's definition of what is "properly exposed". Put simpler, it's a way to force the camerato make your photos darker or brighter to the degree that you tell it.

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In burst mode, several photographs are captured in quick succession by either pressing the shutter button or holding it down. This is used mainly when the subject is in successive motion, such as sportsphotography

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Time-lapse photography is a technique whereby the frequency at which film frames are captured (the frame rate) is much lower than that used to view the sequence. When played at normal speed, timeappears to be moving faster and thus lapsing.

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Post-processing may refer to: Image editing in photography. Audio editing software in audio. Differential GPS post-processing, an enhancement to GPS systems that improves accuracy. Video post-processing, methods used in video processing and 3D graphics.

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Long-exposure, time-exposure, or slow-shutterphotography involves using a long-duration shutter speed to sharply capture the stationary elements of images while blurring, smearing, or obscuring the moving elements.

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Image resolution. ... Image resolution is the detail animage holds. The term applies to raster digital images, film images, and other types of images. Higher resolution means more image detail. Image resolution can be measured in various way

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A fisheye lens is an ultra wide-angle lens that produces strong visual distortion intended to create a wide panoramic or hemispherical image. ... The angle of view of a fisheye lens is usually between 100 and 180 degrees while the focal lengths depend on the film format they are designed for.

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noun. Unintentional slight movement of a cameraduring photography or filming, liable to cause blurring of the image.

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verb (used without object), panned, panning. 1. tophotograph or televise while rotating a camera on its vertical or horizontal axis in order to keep a moving person or object in view or allow the film to record a panorama : to pan from one end of the playing field to the other during the opening of the football game

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In photography, computing, and colorimetry, agrayscale or greyscale image is one in which the value of each pixel is a single sample representing only an amount of light, that is, it carries only intensity information. ... Grayscale images have many shades of gray in between.

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a dark reddish-brown pigment obtained from the inky secretion of the cuttlefish. 2. any cuttlefish of the genus Sepia. 3. a brownish tone imparted to a photograph, esp an early one such as a calotype.

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It's important to know what shadows, midtones and highlights are in photographic terms when it comes to using Photoshop. ... Shadows are the darkest areas of aphotograph. A shadow is also devoid of color; it could be the black in a photograph or just the areas that carry little light.

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A highlight is a bright spot in a photograph. Normally it is assumed to be one of the brightest points in the image. Highlights are normally created by a bright or intense illumination or by various forms of diffusion or reflection. Highlights are created by any bright light source.

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A shadow is a dark area where light from a light source is blocked by an opaque object. It occupies all of the three-dimensional volume behind an object with light in front of it. The cross section of a shadow is a two-dimensional silhouette, or a reverse projection of the object blocking the light.