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Photoshop CS6. You create and manipulate your documents and files using various elements, such as panels, bars, and windows. Any arrangement of these elements is called a workspace.

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When it is part of a program's interface, the toolbar typically sits directly under the menu bar. For example, Adobe Photoshop includes a toolbar that allows you to adjust settings for each selected tool. If the paintbrush is selected, the toolbar will provide options to change the brush size, opacity, and flow.

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The Layers palette is the Grand Central Station for managing layers. To display the palette, choose Window–>Show Layers or just press F7. Here's what you need to know to navigate the Layers palette: The Background is the bottom layer in the image.

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A menu bar is a user interface element that contains selectable commands and options for a specific program. ... The Edit menu contains commands such as Undo, Select All, Copy, and Paste. The View menu typically includes zoom commands and options to show or hide elements within the window.

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The Adjustment Layers in Photoshop are a group of a super useful, non-destructive image editing tools that add color and tonal adjustments to your image without permanently changing its pixels. With the adjustment layers, you can edit and discard your adjustments or restore your original image at any time.

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For scientists, hue refers to a specific waveband in the visible spectrum. Everyday photographers generally think of hue as referring simply to a specific colour. Saturation (or 'chroma') defines the intensity of a hue.

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color balance is the global adjustment of the intensities of the colors (typically red, green, and blue primary colors

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The move tool allows you to move a selection or entire layer by dragging it with your mouse or using your keyboard arrows keys. The move tool is located at the top right of the Photoshop Toolbox.

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Click and hold in the image to zoom in. Press Altto zoom out.In the options bar, select Scrubby Zoom. Then drag to the left in the image to zoom out, or to the right to zoom in

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The Hand Tool allows you to navigate an edited image, when it is not completely visible in its window.

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The lasso selection tools (shortcut L) are provided in three variations. The lasso tool and polygonal lasso tool which allow you to draw both freehand and straight edge selections.

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Unlike other selection tools that select pixels in an image based on shapes or by detecting object edges, the Magic Wand selects pixels based on tone and color.

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Polygonal Lasso Tool. Similar to the lasso tool, except that instead of holding your mouse button down to draw, left-click on various points to create a selection with a series of straight edges.

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Used to facilitate the process of making selections of shapes, colors, and objects inside of Photoshop, and positioning them in the working image area.

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The Marquee tool is the most basic of selection tools and often the one most useful. This tool is used to draw selections based on geometric shapes. Specifically, the marquee tool allows you to draw rectangular and elliptical selections.

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Ctrl+Alt+Z

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Hold Alt+Mouse Wheel

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Ctrl+J

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Ctrl+Shift+J

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Shift while Selecting

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Alt while Selecting

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Ctrl+D

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Refine Edge at top of Workspace

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Shift+Ctrl+I

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Ctrl+E

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B

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E

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Brackets [ ]

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Alt+Click Color (Paint Brush Tool)

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Used to clone areas from an image and blend the pixels from the sampled area seamlessly with the target area. The basic principle is that the texture from the sample area is blended with the color and luminosity surrounding wherever you paint.

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The Healing Brush tool allows you to fix image imperfections such as scratches, blemishes, etc. By sampling the surrounding area or using a predefined pattern you can blend the imperfections into the rest of the image.

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When the patch tool is selected, it initially operates in a lasso selection mode that can be used to define the area to patch from or patch to. You can use it to remove small or large areas from your photo.

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Content Aware Move will allow you to select pixels and move or extend them to another area of your image without the use of layers and masks.

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Removing red eye from photographs that have been taken with a direct flash source.

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Hold back light (darken surrounding area) to lighten the area.

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Increase exposure (Lighten surrounding) to make a spot darker.

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Saturates or unsaturates an image.

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Allows you to duplicate part of an image. The process involves setting a sampling point in the image which will be used as a reference to create a new cloned area.

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The process of removing portions of a photo to create focus or strengthen the composition.

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Click the Straighten icon on the toolbar. Now drag a line across the photo, along an element which should be horizontal or vertical.

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The ratio of the width to the height of an image or screen.

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They allow you to selectively modify the opacity (transparency) of the layer they belong to. Can color in white/black to show or remove the image it is masking.

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Lower the contrast between affected pixels, making them appear blurred.

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Sharpening enhances the definition of edges in an image.Sharpen the first time to correct blur captured by a scanner or digital camera.

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Simulates the effect you see when you drag a finger through wet paint. The tool picks up color where the stroke begins and pushes it in the direction you drag.

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Creates a gradual blend between multiple colors.

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The Paint Bucket tool fills an area, that is similar in color value to the pixels you click.

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The Horizontal Type Tool creates and edits vector-based text in a separate layer.

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In photography, the golden hour is a period shortly after sunrise or before sunset during which daylight is redder and softer than when the Sun is higher in the sky.

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High-dynamic-range imaging is a high dynamic range technique used in imaging and photography to reproduce a greater dynamic range of luminosity than is possible with standard digital imaging or photographic techniques.

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The Vertical Type Mask Tool creates creates type-shaped selections.

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a small illustration or portrait photograph that fades into its background without a definite border.

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Spot metering is where the camera determines a proper exposure not on the average brightness levels of the whole frame, but just of one specific spot.

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Partial metering is one of four modes found mostly on Canon cameras to help measure a subject's brightness, enabling the photographer to take a correct exposure.

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Center weighted metering places the highest importance in determining a correct exposure on information contained in the center of the frame.

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The default metering mode on most DSLRs. It works similarly to the above example by dividing the entire frame into multiple “zones”, which are then all analyzed on individual basis for light and dark tones.

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Diptych and triptych come from the Greek meaning two (dip) or three (trip) fold (tych). Two photos that interact with each other and connect.

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Is a group of three pictures. ... The image shown above is a triptych of pictures in one image.