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Established by Joseph Smith when he claimed to have found golden tablets, he made a religious belief that Jesus' path that he laid out was not followed, so he made their skin dark, and that is where the Natives came from. He made a community named "New Jerusalem" where they followed unconventional practices such as polygamy and intense secrecy. After he was jailed and killed, the 12,000 followers made a migration to Salt Lake City, Utah where they made a lasting settlement. It was yet another strategy to change the social structure completely, where women and men did the same activities, but it was the most religiously driven of the time.

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This was a group of New England philosophers who put a distinct line between reason and understanding. The overall goal, they reasoned, was to gain understanding through the gaining of reason, but one must dig deep before this could happen. This idea stemmed from Concord, Mass, where Ralph Waldo Emerson was making a big following out of it. He had the idea of self fulfillment and a strong sense of nationalism. He believed that the rich intellectual achievement shouldn't be based on tradition, but the genius of individuals. Civil disobedience was written by Thoreau, a man who believed in the rejection of the modernizing world around him. This group also had a strong opinion on preserving the environment and against what the government was planning to do.

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First proposed by Margaret Fuller, gender roles began to be questions after the social communities failed. At the Oneida Community, established in upstate New York 1848, men and women were living equally, and sexual relations were monitored closely. The goal was to question the role of families. The shakers, made by Ann Lee, saw a group that exercised equal rights and redefined gender roles in a time where the roles were unchanged.

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At the beginning of literature, the most popular writer was from Britain, but as literature became more popular, American men started reading "sentimental novels" which were surprisingly works by women. James Fenimore Cooper was the first huge advancement for distinct American literature, where he wrote about the great wilderness of his home state New York and those areas around him, and the dangers of the Westward expansion with the Natives still living there. Walt Whitman was also an extremely important writer who first worked with the Newspaper but then began writing poetry. His work was based on the celebration of democracy and the self fulfillment available in the United States.

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A statement made by Sydney Smith in 1820 said that the American art was nothing compared to the European Liberal Art, and that they were the center of the art world, not the Americans. That statement was refuted when more and more people began to see and respect American Art. Painting by Americans was not so much to focus on a beautiful landscape, but some on the most wildest areas in the US, and idea brought on by the first great American art school in Hudson Valley, New York. The Hudson River School also eventually inspired the West to paint pictures such as Yellowstone and the Rocky Mountains, following the theme of spectacular landscape.

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Though the writing of the time was in celebration of the independence and new literature in the country, Melville and Poe had different messages. They wrote about the inner emotion of humans and that everything is not always as good as the other poets say. They wrote about the strength of individual will, but also the ease of the emotions of man kind to break down. This led to a small time where southerners wrote about painfully realistic life in the south and even sometimes promoted slavery.

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Made by George Ripley, this was an experiment to see a new form of social organization where everyone did equal amounts of manual labor so everyone could then enjoy time of leisure, something no one had emphasized before. It ended in 1847 when a fire burned it down. It did make advancements though, with many other communities like it popping up around the country.