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Scale Chart:
1.      Write out Father Charles Goes Down And Ends Battle 3 times, once with Flats, once with Naturals, and once with Sharps.

2.      Under C put 0 for the number of accidentals in the key signature.

3.      Moving outwards from C write the numbers 1-7 under the first seven keys to the left and right.

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The a C 0 C a Chart:
A Chart to tell you how many sharps or flats are in each key.  It looks like:

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Sharps:
Identify the key signature by finding the last sharp, the note value above the last sharp is the name of the key.

Flats:
The second last flat is the name of the key.

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The Sharps and Flats must be in order, and must either be in the correct space or on the correct line.

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Key signatures must be written in a specific order.
Sharps:
Father Charles Goes Down And Ends Battle
1.F#     2.C#    3.G#   4.D#   5.A#  6.E#  7.B#

Flats:
Battle Ends And Down Goes Charles' Father
1.Bb   2.Eb  3.Ab  4.Db   5.Gb  6.Cb      7.Fb

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Key signatures are placed at the beginning between the clef and the time signature.  The Key signature tells you all of the accidentals (either sharps OR flats, never both) that must be played in the scale, or piece of music.

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Since every Major scale has to follow the formula, the notes need to be manipulated by raising or lowering to match the pattern.  Ex:
F Major:
(WT)-(WT)-(ST)-(WT)-(WT)-(WT)-(ST)
F-G    G-A  A-Bb  Bb-C C-D   D-E   E-F

The distance between the third and fourth scale degree has to be a half step or semitone, so the B must be flattened.

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Major Scales follow a pattern of alternating Whole Tone (WT) or whole step and Semitone (ST) or half step distances between notes.  The pattern is:

(WT)-(WT)-(ST)-(WT)-(WT)-(WT)-(ST)
C-D    D-E    E-F   F-G    G-A   A-B   B-C

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A scale is a series of notes arranged in a specific pattern, in ascending and descending order.  The notes are arranged in alphabetical order and function within an octave. Ex:
C Major Scale: C D E F G A B C B A G F E D C