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It is very common for the people to believe an article with the words "scientific, scientists" in it and tell the people around it. They think like: "If I see the word scientific, then it's true." If it's

disinformation then it's a crime. But you can never be sure if the person spread the wrong information by mistake or intentionally. So in my opinion, giving wrong information -unintetionally or intentionally- should be a crime. The other way, you cannot avoid the spread of false scientific information. At the same time, people start to make more research about the every single thing they are going to share. And we contribute to the rate of more researcher and  interrogator people in society.

"Information is power, disinformation is abuse of power"
-Newton Lee

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The COVID-19 pandemic and the accompanying ‘infodemic’ described by the WHO have placed science disinformation at the centre of global debates. Likewise, the spreading of misleading information from organised vaccine opponents has caused a drop in vaccination compliance, putting children and societies at serious health risk for several diseases. Climate change disinformation is routinely used in efforts to undermine scientific reports and to increase polarisation within societies, thereby hindering effective policy decisions.  These activities erode trust in science and expertise, test our democracies, and challenge the ability of individuals and governments to make evidence-based decisions based on sound reasoning. The European Academies are deeply committed to ensuring high ethical standards in science and research, as well as in communication and dissemination of science. They are equally committed to upholding values that emerged during the Age of Enlightenment, which are based on the principle that through reason and evidence, people can make sense of the world and make progress. Against this background, ALLEA and its Member Academies convened an interdisciplinary and cross-sectoral group to target this wide-reaching problem through multiple disciplinary perspectives and methods.

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Of course, it is, science is the most common thing we are in interaction with, it is so linked with our daily lives that even single misinformation is a fatal mistake. Like chemicals, we use for cleaning or some wrong move we make to save someone from suffocating.

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It indeed is. Since everything we use in nowadays connected to the science in some way, every kind of  misinformations might lead people to heavy casualties. As an example i can give the ones who just wanna loose some weight. They just search things like that, which food or thing i should consume in order to loose weight, on internet. Well it might help them but since we are human we have different bodies, one thing that works on us might be a allergic to other person and since you can not know if it safe for you to use that method or thing, it might be deadly i guess.

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Humanity develops by researching, working. Anyone who intentionally causes false information will actually interfere with the development of humanity. So we can say that disinformation is a crime of humanity. But I think it could be compensation for unintentional misinformation. So I don't see it as a crime. Scientific disinformation can spread even with a number of inaccurate articles. That's actually a big threat. That's why every piece of information we see on online sites should be researched from the business's expert and a reliable source should be created.

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If you ask me, disinformation about eScience is a crime against humanity. Because science is a huge and important part of our lives. If someone misleads people using science, it must be a crime. There should also be a punishment. Because science is useful, but also dangerous. You can do something harmful because of disinformation about something scientific. For example, imagine someone doing an experiment on chemistry. And she searched for something about it and saw false information. But she didn't know, and then she added something dangerous to her experiment. If it cost her life, no one would have known that the killer was the person who shared false information. I think I've explained how serious this is. Therefore, people who post false information on the Internet should be punished.

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In order not to unintentionally give false information to someone else, we must first make sure that the information is correct. While disinformation and misinformation are not legally criminal, they aren't ethical at all. Misinforming people can have very negative consequences. Therefore, it should be tried to be prevented. Most people believe the information without questioning its accuracy. You shouldn't believe or share information that you are not sure of. Spreading false information, intentionally or unintentionally, should be a crime. The spread of false information can be reduced with deterrent penalties.

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Especially in today's world, because we are very involved with science, misinformation in the field of e-Science spreads very quickly and affects a lot of people. Therefore, the issue of whether it is a crime or not becomes even more important. Disinformation that can affect so many people is definitely a crime. However, whether it was done intentionally or unintentionally is definitely a complex issue. When we look at it in simple terms, disinformation in the field of e-science is a crime, but when the situation is examined in more detail when judicial processes come into play, different results may occur.

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Science is very important to all people in the 21st century. Science is everywhere in our daily life. For this reason, those who cause science-related disinformation must be punished. Anyone who deliberately or unintentionally gives false information to people should be punished. Because if false information is spread quickly over the internet, it can cause big problems in many issues. The unintentional spreading of false information should not save this person from punishment, as this will ultimately lead to disinformation. The person who does this should be punished for not adequately investigating the accuracy of the information, even if it is not intentional. These penalties will reduce disinformation.

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People learn when it comes to life and continue to learn until their life ends. In other words, knowledge creates human beings and giving false information may end a person's life in some cases. That's why i think it is a crime to give false information. There is a lot of information pollution nowadays and i think that penalties should be imposed to prevent this.

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To me,everything that trying  to  take back  the humanity  are crime against humanity .Accordingly i can say yes.It’s so sad  that people doing  these ridicilous stuffs for just money and view .Because of that some false facts arising and this affecting even a human life.Because of that,if we realize kind of thing like that should inform our environment and we  should avoid from other possible harms.

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There is always only one truth in science, so there is no room for fake news, it is always necessary to find the truth, what is wrong is wrong and misleading.We should use the sources we are sure to be correct or we should reach the result ourselves. If it says that the water boils at 30 degrees on the internet, you can prove that it boils at 100 degrees.science is a big truth at this point.

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As we all know, lies, rumors and propaganda are not new concepts. What is new today is the ease with which any human being can prepare content that is convincing but false and misleading, and the speed that this content can reach while spreading all over the world. Taking something right and sticking a wrong label or sharing something as new even though it was actually shared three years ago is an example of this. For this reason, I think it is a crime to deliberately transmit false information to millions of people. Thus, as in every field, accuracy of information is extremely important in eScience.

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Actually, It is a crime. But it's about which perspective we look at. Intentional sharing is different from unintentional sharing. Because when a new theory or evidence emerges science could be change. Such as, now we are in a pandemic, and most of the websites or TV news give information that we don't know their accuracy. A person that we suppose the knowledgeable show wrong information on TV news and this information is effecting in social media and most of the person Maybe a person change him/her life with this info but this changing wouldn't be good. So we should research the correctness of the info.  In this case, Science Literacy steps in. Namely, be literate don't believe everything.

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Spreading fake news is a crime in my opinion.
In an age where people learn by using the internet, coming across and believing fake news can be dangerous.
For example, a person who is doing an experiment (chemical, biological, physical) and is looking for advice on how to solve a related problem may be at risk if they believe fake news.
In such a case, false information can lead to a complication of the research, in the worst case causing a life-threatening accident.
That is why there should be greater restrictions on what goes on the internet, and people should be taught to distinguish between fake news and real information.
Writing false information on forums or in the news should be severely punished because it is dangerous for many people who seek knowledge on the Internet.

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Absolutely a crime. It is one of the fundamental rights of a person to reach the right information and apply it in his/her life, so it is an important crime to prevent this consciously or unconsciously.

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Of course it is crime, there is a lot of interaction with science in our lives. And we use the internet to verify them, but news we read about news we think is true may be false news, so we learn false information about science, and information we believe to be true may have drastically changed our lives.

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Getting accurate information is a human right. Fake journalists, people who publish fake information just for gain, violate this right, so it is a crime. News verification platforms operating in the digital environment have started to play an important role in combating these fake news.

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Fake news in the field of science brought fake science with it and with the age of the internet,fake science has become more common.Scientists,one of the most reliable profession in the world, are shaken by disinformation and scientists who make fake news have committed crimes against people.Therefore, the biggest task in preventing disinformation falls again to scientists.In addition to informing in the field of science and explaning them in the most understandable way to people,scientists should also warn the public against false news.

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Scientific knowledge is information that is the same for everyone, that is, objective. we are faced with this landscape when people reveal this information through their various unscientific subjective thoughts, as if it were objective, as if it were proven information. this is very grave because misinformation leads people to fallacy and error. It is one of the situations where we encounter false information on various blogs of people in electronic form, so instead of investigating from one source, we should aim to get accurate information using various sources. Not every article we see can give us accurate scientific information. Unfortunately, it seems impossible to prevent this, because subjective information can be transferred to other people, such as objective, because people determine their own truths in their own way.

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I think it is wrong and even criminal to misinform or direct people about anything. The fact that these data, which will affect the ideas, thoughts and actions of people, are composed of disinformation data, constitutes an obstacle to the growth and development of nations. The data it provides does not lead to healthy results. These data, which can be spread easily in the digital environment, are the biggest obstacle to progress.

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E about science does not know what society and science are in many countries. By preventing this, for example, we can raise people's awareness by giving information about what science is and what it contributes to people on any TV channel for 1 or 2 days a week. Thus, we can remove the doubts of the public about this issue.

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"Is this science or fiction?"

There are many reasons why a science story is not true. Charlatans take advantage of the complexity of science, some content providers can't separate bad science from good, and some politicians sell fake science to support their position.

If science sounds too good to be true or too weird to be true, if it very appropriately supports a controversial cause, you might want to check its accuracy.

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Fake news is always a crime. Fake news in science affects progress because scientists glorify and fake news directly affects people. As in every field, it is very important to reach the right information in this field. Knowledge is power . More important steps should be taken in fake news.

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Of course, the most common thing we interact with is science, it's so connected to our daily lives that even a single misinformation can affect our lives. For example: When chemicals used in cleaning materials contain false information, major health problems and even death should be caused. To prevent this, the inspections should be more frequent and animals should not be used when testing chemicals. There may be a digital test device that indicates the content of this and reports the problems that may occur when we use it.

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Many things in this world have been made based on science. Science is what keeps many things alive. People who deliberately spread misinformation probably do so for their own benefit, and that would be the cause of really big problems. It is also a huge crime. However, if this is done unintentionally, it will soon be corrected, less confusing and soon forgotten.

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Scientists do many things to make people's lives easier, but it is possible to be negatively affected by false news. In order to prevent this adverse effect, necessary penal sanctions should be applied. It is unethical to confuse people with false information circulating everywhere. New criminal practices should be produced for these fake news. I think it will decrease this way.

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A lot of things in our lives are related to science, so misinformation has many negative consequences. In order to prevent misinformation, we must first make sure that the information is correct.Otherwise, information that we are not sure of the accuracy may even cause people to lose their lives. In addition, anyone who gives false information should be punished, so I think disinformation will decrease.

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Today, there is information pollution in every field. This is called disinformation. Every person has the right to obtain correct information and to reach the right information. Development of technology causes disinformation; people cannot reach correct information in such information pollution. Our duty is always seek and reach the right information.

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Disinformation means information that is incorrectly or intentionally spread.
Disinformation is similar to Counter propaganda that aims to offend or humiliate. There are methods such as fake documents, handwriting, photomontage and montage films, fake intelligence and announcement of gossip.

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To be honest, any action that misleads people is a great crime for humanity. Because all people have the right to access correct information. Especially in the field of health, wrong statements can cause many people to die. Because people who believe that a small but incorrect information is true, they immediately believe it and shape their lives accordingly. Everyone who causes this should definitely be punished and should not do such actions again, so that we can continue our lives on a more correct path.

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I think it's a pretty big crime. Even the slightest misinformation can create big problems for people. This is a crime, even if it is done intentionally or unconsciously. Sharing false information without knowing it means it hasn't really been properly investigated. If imprecise information is not disseminated in this way, or if the research is really done correctly, this is somewhat avoided. The important thing is to do accurate research in every way, not random. For example, pregnant people can do a lot of research on the internet, and any misinformation can even lead to the death of the baby. This is a simple example. Misinformation can lead to more than this example.

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Even scientists who are one of the most trusted professions in the world disinformation is shaken. Science is also a branch that can be damaged, even if most things are proven theoretically. In my opinion, the explanation of the scientists in the news with the necessary explanations would be more reliable.

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In fact, although some of these are obviously misleading, some may be mistakes, but I think imposing a punishment on them can cause people to approach science writings more reserved and authors to be afraid. In addition to these, science is developing very rapidly today, there may be cases where a research that is considered to be correct is falsified in a short time. In my opinion, the way to prevent such confusion is to read and evaluate the posts on the science pages by competent people in the field of science, but even if there are no people who are assigned to this task, information confusion is naturally prevented. On websites about science, amateur science followers can contact authors and make corrections.

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Gülendam Ç. - Zile Fen Lisesi - Turkey

it can have very bad consequences.  One should not be indifferent to disinformation.  After the truth of the information is questioned, we must believe.

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Misinformation shouldn't be a crime even if it can be harmful too because if a person does not verify it, this person won't be able to tell if it's true or not but it should be treated before it spreads to public. However, disinformation is a crime against humanity because people spreading it did  intentionally even though they knew that false information could be harmful to someone.

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Disinformation is a crime because giving false information to a person is one of the biggest crimes in this world.If that person believes that information and adopts that it is true, then that person will continue his life with a changed personality, this stain grows and it can lead to disagreement with people and even bad consequences.

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In the field of e-science, fake news is a bad thing as in every field and can lead people to the wrong path. False news spreads 6 times faster than the real thing. In order to prevent this and not to take this wrong path, it is necessary to confirm the reliability of the news in these news, as in every field. News made by trusted people and areas where scientists work should be followed.

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Yes, I think it is a crime to make disinformation news about eScience. Because eScience is the science system of the future. These disinformation negatively affect the way people view eScience and make them take a counter attitude. For this, the institutions that control the articles should be increased and supported, the necessary penalties should be imposed on those who do, and the readers should be informed about disinformation in science..

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Disinformation is a real crime against humanity in my opinion.
When you are intentionally faking an information you usualy want to make a certain group of people look bad. For example if you intentionally say that lawyers put u in a bad situation in the court for money, it's a disinformation and people can start to not trust even the fair lawyers. If people would believe our society would start to constantly fall apart.

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Although there is an important role for scepticism in science, for almost 30 years some corporations have supported a disinformation campaign about climate change science. While it may be reasonable to be somewhat sceptical about climate change models, these untruths are not based upon reasonable scepticism but outright falsification and distortions of climate change science.

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This might be understood as a new type of crime against humanity. Scepticism in science is not bad, but sceptics must play by the rules of science including publishing their conclusions in peer-reviewed scientific journals and not make claims that are not substantiated by the peer-reviewed literature. The need for responsible scepticism is particularly urgent if misinformation from sceptics could lead to great harm. We may not have a word for this type of crime yet, but the international community should find a way of classifying extraordinarily irresponsible scientific claims that could lead to mass suffering as some type of crime against humanity.

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Spreading fake news is a crime, but in E-Science is more risky. In coronavirus pandemic a lot of people use internet to gain new information and they easily believe in fake neweses published on social media. Fake news about the science can make people upset beacuse of too much information and no prooves that infromation is verified.

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Spreading fake news is a crime in my opinion. For example Vaccines help protect people from dangerous diseases. From the very beginning of the coronavirus pandemic, theories have been spreading in the media that portray vaccines in a bad light and are not supported by any scientific evidence. Such theories feed on fear and can therefore pose a threat to public health. Misleading information, scientifically unsubstantiated theories, and unsubstantiated claims that vaccines modify DNA or can poison them raise concerns in people and discourage them from getting vaccinated.

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People need to trust someone who is knowledgeable about covid or vaccines. Some people trust people who have no idea about the world situation

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Disinformation is probably one of the worst things you can do to someone. Missinformation is also bad but the person spreading it dosen't know that it's false. People that spread dissinformation usually have some bussines in it. For example lot's of people sell pillows that protect from 5G waves. These people tell you that 5G waves cause autism and cancer without giving any evidence. These people should be put to court and to jail. Lot of people trust these pillow sellers, usually older people or those who don't use internet everyday.

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In my opinion, it is! If someone is spreading fake science news all over the world is a criminal. For example old people are "new" in the internet stuff so they can believe in everything what is written, this can be very dangerous for them, especially in pandemic time.

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In my opinion, yes. It is a big mistake to misinform people about science. When people, for example, listen to people who spread false information about the Coronavirus, they believe them because they don't know the truth themselves.

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Fake news about science is a crime against humanity. Not only it gives people wrong view about the world but also their core belief about how things works and could potentially make someone do stupid and harmful things.

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Deeply irresponsible corporate-sponsored programmes of disinformation have potentially harsh effects upon tens of millions of people.While it may be reasonable to be somewhat sceptical about climate change models, these untruths are not based upon reasonable scepticism but outright falsification and distortions of climate change science.Disinformation about the state of climate change science is extraordinarily – if not criminally – irresponsible, because the consensus scientific view is based upon strong evidence that climate change:
Is already being experienced by tens of thousands in the world;
Will be experienced in the future by millions of people from greenhouse gas emissions that have already been emitted but not yet felt due to lags in the climate system
Will increase dramatically in the future unless greenhouse gas emissions are dramatically reduced from existing global emissions levels.

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Intentionally spreading false information is definitely a crime. Because there can be nothing good about it. Every person has the right to access correct information. And this right is prevented by disinformation. Especially in this time when social media is of great importance, disinformation has become much easier. To combat disinformation, many countries passed laws stipulating fines or imprisonment. Some countries are trying to prevent it by fining the social platform where disinformation is carried out and closing the account of the person who disinformation.

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I think it's a pretty big crime. To admit, it is the responsibility of the people who make use of that information as well as the people who provide information. People need to investigate against misinformation. However, I think disinformation is a crime. Not every person may have the opportunity to research. Many people are confused it causes the trust of the people living in the society to be shaken, which causes chaos in the society.

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In my opinion  disinformation in science is a serious crime.  These days science is  intertwined with  business, especially in  the department of electronics and medicine.  Corporations often employ people with academic degrees whose only job is to carry out fake research. Such research is to prove that a product by this or that corporation is not only superior to the one  by their competitors , but is the only effective. This is the case in the times of the pandemic.

Companies declare that  their  vaccines have  the best and the highest efficacy against the virus. This remains to be seen, however there is a lot of rumours about these products spread in bad faith. Vaccine market is worth 700 billion US dollars...... so companies have the money for   ' promotion' of their products through fakes of various kind.

Some scholars have no academic integrity. That is why they are ready to  promote ineffective  medical products on the basis of worthless research in order to up value of stocks of medical corporations  that sponsor them. This in my view is a crime, which should be punished  by prison sentences at best, as it impacts lives of millions.

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I believe that scientific information should not be deliberate disinformation.  First of all, it is of little benefit, and when it comes to learning, everything should be clear and true.  This topic is not worth cheating because it affects all of us.  One day, the young generation will be the only hope for a good and intelligent world

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In my opinion, publishing fake news on the internet is a crime.  For example, the COVID-19 vaccination has stirred up a lot of excitement and discussion from the beginning. As with the Coronavirus pandemic, there is a lot of false information here as well. It ranges from the myth of microchips to claims that the vaccine will cause changes in DNA or lead to infertility. This kind of information has a negative influence on people, they stop trusting specialists and start to be afraid. They stop trusting specialists and start to be afraid. This influences that they start to resign from vaccinations, which are very important because they protect us from many life-threatening diseases.

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In my opinion, disinformation is a crime against humanity because it misleads us and because of that we are doing wrong things.

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Misinformation or hiding information is a very serious thing in science because you need to always be informed about science but not about the truth about falsehoods because then based on false things you can make wrong decisions.
an example that comes to mind is the Chernobyl disaster 'in which they pushed a reactor to the limit thinking they had a button that could interrupt the activities at any moment but as we have seen it did not work in certain situations and this was hidden by the Ukrainian government so as not to reveal their mistakes.

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Not inquiring about the topics concerning this sector (science) could be a problem of considerable importance. Relying on false arguments could lead to big problems because when dealing with scientific issues you must always be sure of what you say. Even a little fake news could jeopardize an entire scientific study.

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In my opinion, false information can be called a crime against humanity.  Properly shaped, it can mislead research, divide people, cause chaos.  Even innocent false information can lead to a catastrophe such as, for example, war.

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Science and rational thought are among the most important things that man has developed and continues to develop to this day. Nevertheless, the greatest danger against science is the false news that is spread by all social media. People often get carried away and instead of hearing the thorough view and accurate study by scientists they believe the false news that has been written in such a clever way that people are unable to understand the plot in the background. False news is therefore a crime against science

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Science is based on provable sources, and science is impossible to be a lie. If there is a lie in science, it would be to the detriment of all humanity. We should not rely on all science-related resources on the Internet. It may be giving false information or the truth may have been exaggerated. So we should look at the sources that we are sure are correct.

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As people increasingly social distance themselves to prevent the spread of the novel coronavirus, social media is an appealing way to stay in contact with friends, family and colleagues. But it can also be a source of misinformation and bad advice – some of it even dangerously wrong.
Social media is allowing us to learn about information in our social world in extremely rapid and far-flung ways. We can learn about coronavirus news in other parts of the world and our own backyards within seconds and minutes. But having access to all this information can raise our anxiety since we tend to pay attention to bad news, and somewhat increased anxiety is a reasonable response.
Compared to real news, fake news tends to include information that is more surprising, upsetting or geared to trigger anger or anxiety. Any information that fits that (and a lot of coronavirus news can) should be double checked. Other cues that should raise suspicion include unknown sources, unusual numbers of endorsements and memes that focus on partisan topics.
I think social media communication is very much reflecting our fears and concerns with the virus, and this should be no surprise. As people struggle to learn more about it, to cope with the disruptions and seek to understand how they should deal with it, they are using social media to accomplish those goals and to express their fear and uncertainty.
It’s important to check health-related information from established news sources rather than from shared stories in social media. A subscription to any reputable news organization is highly recommended, though many news sites (e.g., the New York Times) are offering free access to coronavirus related news.
When people are fearful they seek information to reduce uncertainty. This can lead people to believe information that may be wrong or deceptive because it helps make them feel better, or allows them to place blame about what’s happening. This is often why conspiracy theories become so prominent. Again, the best antidote here is subscribing to a reputable news service.

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Social media is used by most people now. There are positives such as easier communication , faster communication but also negatives such as minisformation. The more people use an application the more people will say their opinion or theories that will cause anxiety and fear in others for no reason .For this we must all be informed by credible sources with evidence from them .

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In my opinion, disinformation about e-science is a crime against humanity. Take, for example, people who still believe that the Earth is flat. Despite many rational arguments about the Earth being round, these people still believe otherwise, clinging closely to some twisted theory.

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Although there is an important role for scepticism in science, for almost 30 years some corporations have supported a disinformation campaign about climate change science.

While it may be reasonable to be somewhat sceptical about climate change models, these untruths are not based upon reasonable scepticism but outright falsification and distortions of climate change science.

These claims have included assertions that the science of climate change has been completely "debunked" and that there is no evidence of human causation of recent observed warming. There are numerous lines of evidence that point to human causation even if it is not a completely settled matter. Reasonable scepticism cannot claim that there is no evidence of causation and some other claims frequently being made by the well-financed climate change disinformation campaign, and they amount to an utter distortion of a body of evidence that the world needs to understand to protect itself from huge potential harms.

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Fake information can cause a lot of damage. a lot of people will belive anything if in the end it says scientific fact. People try all kinds of dangerous things without even knowing how much they can harm them only because the saw it on some website.

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In the field of e-science it is very important to rely on the declarations of technical-scientific institutions, because they keep people updated on today's scientific news and discoveries. Relying on articles and statements of third parties is wrong, this leads to a collective misinformation of the company.

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In the era of social networks and rapid circulation of information, the problem of fake news becomes difficult to solve, and false information disseminated for various purposes seems almost impossible to stop. Just to mention false information regarding the COVID vaccine. In the era of the pandemic, a multitude of myths have arisen around face masks - from information that negates the sense of wearing them, to those who believe that they pose a health risk. To make matters worse, people are massively sharing false information on various social networks, which can be really very dangerous.

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To avoid misinformation, it's important to pay attention to sources: when we want to research some news or some information, we must find valid sites, reporting studies done before. In conclusion, when we found trusted  information we should check them using other reliable sites

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I think disinformation is a crime against humanity and those who do this should be punished.

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If these misinformation are approached in a very questioning manner about the country's economy and scientific research, then the right things will appear. In this case, it is wrong for people to believe in the manager in exactly every way.In some cases, it is necessary to be interrogative.

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There is no penalty for spreading false information on the internet yet, but it does get bad results, it can lead to consequences that go as far as misleading people's beliefs.

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In order to increase awareness that science has the answer to many things, various activities should be held on digital platforms and awareness should be given to children in particular.

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Misinformation in science or e-science or any other type of science is a crime. We all gather information from the internet so we have to choose not fake of them. Especially in the COVID times when fake news about virus is common thing.

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Fake e-science news can have two origins:
In the event that the false news is unintentional, the source of the information must be admonished, inviting him to a more accurate research and a greater sensitivity to issues such as those of e-science.
In the event that the fake news is voluntary, an international criminal code should be created for the crime against humanity since many people search the web for some news and, finding false news, could suffer negative consequences also in their psycho-physical identity. .

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Misinformation regarding eScience seems like a mostly unintentional problem. Most people would rightly get excited about new inventions and perhaps misunderstand the true use of the said invention. One could also be making a joke about the ridiculousness of newer inventions and make a parody about it, some people, even if they are the minority, would take it as fact, since there have been many inventions lately that would fall on the weirder side of things. In my opinion, many factors need to be met to label something an actual crime, making misinformation a crime would also make irony illegal. When regarding common people it should not be illegal but in the context of a big company making a false claim it should sometimes be, why sometimes? because even behind those claims are humans that also make mistakes and if it's only a small mistake there's no need for legal action. The implementation of such a law would definitely help make the market a more reliable place for the consumer.

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Spreading fake news is dangerous because it is telling lies and false information. For example, if a message contains rumors about a person or a group and many people spread them further, the consequences can be dire. If other people read the message, believe the rumors, and then think badly of the person or group, they may start insulting or following them.Science wants to prevent fake news because there are always a few fake news that are so successful because they supposedly confirm what their readers believe anyway Even people who find fake news unbelievable can after a while be deceived by it because they have forgotten the source of the message In the election campaign, fake news reinforces opinions, but does not change voters Fake news deprive us of a common basis for discussion and can thus exacerbate a division in society.
In my opinion, spreading fake news is somehow a crime because it just leads to nothing good and has so many bad disadvantages which is why you should deal with it harder

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However, existing opinions can be confirmed by reading fake news. This makes it increasingly difficult for people to think about their worldview. People who read fake news and haven't had a specific opinion on a topic before can be influenced by the wrong information.Spreading fake news is dangerous because it shares lies and false information.For example, there are rumorsabout a person or a group in a message an many people spread them further, this can have terrible consequences. If other people read the message, believe the rumorsand then think badly about the person or group it can happen that they can start to insult or persecute the perople.

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In my opinion, Fake News is a crime, when someone is new on the internet they believe what is on the internet and it might not end well. Even people who find Fake News unbelievable can be deceived by it after some time because they have forgotten the source of the message Fake News deprives a common basis for conversation and can thus aggravate a division in society.

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Often, false news is also there to sell something. If false news is convincing, it can be shared by millions of people in social media. If you click on the link, you often come to sites that look normal at first sight. But they often bother with ads. Every time someone clicks the link to the page, the author of the false news receives money from the advertisers. Many false news uses fake or stolen photos. Often, the photos belong to people who do not know that their photo is divided on the Internet. So share such photos can even be against the law.

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in the case of E-Science misinformation and fake news, people improvise all doctors and scientists with multiple degrees and nobel prizes on the subject and feel compelled to have their say or to write real articles where you go to increase misinformation and to overcome this problem it could be solved if people did not believe everything you read and there was someone who explains how to behave in these cases

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In my opinion, the fake news are a crime, because they make us believe things that are not true, it is also very careful in looking at the websites for the information you can always fall into the trap of these false news.

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The fake news in eScience can be very dangerous because of the thing they say about masks in this period or for example the fake news that spread fear to those who read them about some catastrophic event for example.

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In order to raise people's awareness that science can solve many problems, various activities should be carried out on digital platforms, especially children should be made aware of this.