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According to McQuail & Windahl (1993), communication can be any or all of the following such as an action on others or an interaction with others and a reaction to others. To make the definition clear, communication is more than simply the transmission of information. The term requires an element of success in transmitting or imparting a message, whether information, ideas, or emotions. On this unit, I gained similar to communication that I know before. This is because communication is the basic of life that people will use every day in their life. As normal people, we always use communication to interact with other people. Same goes to me, I use communication to interact with people surround me to give and get the information. There is many types of communication that I use everyday which is intrapersonal communication, interpersonal communication, mediated interpersonal communication, and small group communication. Due to Covid-19 pandemic, we cannot communicate using organizational communication and public communication types. As my experience in communication, there are many of my experiences based on this learning unit. First, I mostly using mediated interpersonal communication in my life. As we all student doing an online class nowadays, we mostly using media social such as Whatsapp to communicate with others student to get information and discuss our assessment. Using this media social, it makes our life easily. Not only that, we can communicating with our family and friends that far from us. Next, my experience based on communication is when I was talking to myself. This is very common when I want to cheer up myself and give myself a motivation. So, I will using intrapersonal communication. Lastly, the most common communication that we always use in our life is interpersonal communication and small group communication. I mostly experience this in my life when I communicating with people in my house such as with my parents, siblings and friends. Communication is very important to people and it can be useful in the future. Without communication, how could we get information and interact with other people. Even when we are praying to our God, we also need a communication even just we talking in our heart. As we can see, the advantages of learning communication is studying communication and engaging in effective communication behaviours can improve your relationships with others. Not only that, learning communication can improve the way you see yourself and can improve the way others see you.

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In this learning unit, I had learned about identity and perception. Identity is a person’s perception of self within a particular social, geographical, cultural and political context. To be more specific, identity is created, reflected, and maintain through interactions among people. Identity have many of characteristic, such as multiple identity, social and personal, salience and strength, fluid and stable, avowed and ascribed, passing and outing, and performance and expression. For an example, as a person, we have a multiple identity. I am a student in school and I am a daughter in home. For self-concept is the way we see ourself. It is the feelings and thoughts about your strengths and weaknesses, your abilities and limitations, your aspiration and worldview. Self-awareness is conscious knowledge of one’s own characters and feelings. The extent to which know yourself is open self, blind self, hidden self, and unknown self. Lastly, self-esteem, is a measure of how valuable we think about we are. Perception is the process by which you become aware of objects, events, and especially people. Our perceptions result both from what exists in the outside world and from our own experiences, desires, needs and want, loves and hatreds. I also have experienced this learning unit in my life, especially for identity. I know my strength, weakness, feelings, and emotions. Why I am saying this because no one knows your feelings unless we tell people what we feels. Only me knows what is my weakness and my strength. When I know about myself, I can set a goal or target that I must achieve. For example, when I am not satisfied with how I am treat other people, I will find my weakness and try to solve it. Next, for self-awareness, and I will focused in open self and hidden self. Based on open self, which is the information that I and other people know about myself. For example, mostly people know that I am a student and a daughter. While, based on hidden self, people do not know what my feelings are unless I tell them about what I feel. Based on perception, as psychological influences for perception’s influences, sometimes I always doing the thing based on my mood. For example, I love watching drama and if I have a mood to watching a Korean that time, I will watching Korean drama and I will never want to watch Malay drama. But sometimes out of blue, my mood is watching Chinese drama. Identity and perception is very important to our future. This is because, we can know ourself better. For example, when we know our weakness, we can find the solution to overcome our weakness. To find the solution for overcome our weakness is very important because we can prevent other people know our weakness and they will take advantage from our weakness. Not only that, self-concept, self-awareness and self-esteem are influenced by the way we communicate with others. So, people will know our identity based on how we communicate with them. Besides that, we also know how to control our mood.

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For this learning unit, I had learned about verbal communication skills. Verbal communication is about language both written and spoken which is the form of spoken words between two or more people and the written words in written communication. Moreover, what I know more about the definition of what language is a collection of symbols, letters, or words with arbitrary meanings that are governed by rules and used to communicate. The “arbitrary” part means that the relationship between the form the sounds, words, letters, and characters that we use have no natural or meaningful relationship with their meaning, therefore this relationship between form and meaning is said to be arbitrary. When we talk about language, we need to know the characteristics of language. Language has multiple rules among them are semantic, syntax, and pragmatic. In addition, language and culture are intertwined because the transmission of cultures occurs through language. Therefore, language is arbitrary, ambiguous, and abstract. I have experience in verbal communication where I explain something to my friends but my explanations cause misunderstandings with what I have explained to them. To overcome this problem the technique that could be used to demonstrate my verbal communication skills to avoid intentional confusion and misunderstandings are to be aware of the missed meaning, be clear and specific when communicating, be aware of changes in meaning, be aware of polarizing either-or extremes and lastly be unbiased. On the other hand, verbal communication has many purposes, but its main function is relaying a message to one or more recipients. It encompasses everything from simple one-syllable sounds to complex discussions and relies on both language and emotion to produce the desired effect. I think it is very important to give clear expression because people are able to express themselves quite clearly. They can be able to emphasize certain ideas, views, and insights as they cite examples thus facilitating a clear understanding among the communicators. Moreover, it provides a good understanding of verbal communication that I can be able to understand people better. When I speak to someone and they respond to me as well as they continue to engage in a conversation, I will get to understand that person more because I am able to explore their emotions as well as body language through their words. Based on my experience in verbal communication skills, with communication, there is no guesswork. I can understand exactly what the other person is saying to me. Besides, for me people who have good verbal communication can easily make friends because they are able to express themselves clearly thereby understanding others as well.

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First of all, I have learned nonverbal communication is the process of using messages other than words to create meaning with others, plus it includes not only gestures and body language, but also how we utter words. There are several of the importance of nonverbal communication, the first one is nonverbal messages are the primary way we communicate our feelings and attitudes. Secondly, nonverbal messages are usually more believable than verbal messages. The third is nonverbal messages work with verbal messages to create meaning. Next is, nonverbal messages help people respond and adapt to others and the last one is nonverbal messages play a major role in interpersonal communication. When dealing with smaller conversations I would say that I have some good points and some bad points when it comes to nonverbal cues.  When the conversations start I make sure that I stand and shake the person’s hand and make good eye contact, I do this to show respect towards the other people I am talking to.  After the introductions of each other are made I will always make eye contact prevalent so the person that I am speaking with knows that I am paying attention, you have to make sure that the eye contact isn’t overbearing as it could make them uncomfortable and not want to continue the conversation.  Secondly, I like to nod when strong statements or comments are made by other people so that shows them that I am paying attention to them.  Lastly, one of the things I really like to do is repeat what they are saying to ensure I understand their point or what they need from me.  Now that you know some of the good nonverbal cues I give during a conversation, I will move on to sharing some of the bad nonverbal cues that I give when having conversations. Once I get comfortable with a conversation and with the people in the conversation I will start to relax.  Sometimes when I get relaxed I like to let myself go during interactions and will start to recline in my chair and even put one leg over the other and make myself extremely relaxed.  Doing this could give the impression that I am not paying attention because I am too relaxed during the conversation. Nonverbal cues and communication are a huge influence on effective communication.  I have discussed some of the strong traits I have like my posture and some of the indicators that I do to show that I am listening like nodding my head and eye contact.  I also quickly discussed some of the things that I am bad at when it comes to personal conversations like becoming too relaxed and giving the impression that I am not listening or don’t care.  Based on my nonverbal communication skills, I hope I have a better understanding of my nonverbal communication traits and cues and that they could help me become better at nonverbal communication.  I know that I can’t be the perfect listener all the time, but I just try to be the best listener or speaker that I possibly can be.

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In this topic, I had learned a lot about mindful listening. According to Princeton (2010), listening has defined the act of hearing attentively. What I understand in this learning is listening is different from hearing. Listening is regarded as an important way of spoken communication, which requires effort and concentration. Listening is an active process. The purpose of Listening is not only to hear what people say, but also it connects the information they know. Listening aims to analyze the people said. I also have experienced this topic in my life, where I am a listener to people. As a listener, I am sometimes a very good listener and sometimes not either. This is because while listening to someone, sometimes I can't control the internal obstacles to mindful listening such as failure to adopt listening styles, lack of effort, prejudgment, and so on. In addition, when communicating with people I also can't control the external obstacles to mindful listening due to the noisy environment. Besides, as a student I also have experienced when I've attended the online classes I'm not listening to my lecturer because I can't control the external and internal obstacles too. How I overcome this problem is adapting listening to communication goals such as be mindful, adapting listening appropriately, and listen actively for effectively listening. The ability to control obstacles to mindful listening is very important to maintain an interesting conversation without any problems.

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In this learning what I understand is that interpersonal communication skills are fundamental in every aspect of the day to day life. The way we talk, the gestures we make, the tone of our voice can say a lot about who we are. Personal impressions can be built up upon or destroyed if a balance is not found. In order to avoid being misrepresented or misunderstood, a self-assessment process of the way we communicate or project our self to others could potentially improve interpersonal relations at home, work, school, or social. Interpersonal communication is the communication that takes place between people who are in some way “connected.” Interpersonal communication would thus include what takes place between a son and his father, an employer and an employee, two sisters, a teacher and a student, two lovers, two friends, and so on. What I have experienced in real life on this topic is when I communicate with my friends. I noticed that the way I communicate will influence the kind of relationship that I have. If I interact in friendly ways, I am likely to develop a friendship. If I regularly exchange hateful and hurtful messages, I am likely to develop an antagonistic relationship. If I each regularly express respect and support for each other, a respectful and supportive relationship is likely to develop.  This is surely one of the most obvious observations I can make about interpersonal communication. And yet so many people seem not to appreciate this very clear relationship between what we say and the relationship that develops. To overcome this kind of problem I should know how to handle interpersonal conflict. There are many conflict management strategies that we can practice in our daily lives which are win-lose and win-win strategies, force and talk strategies, face-attacking and face-enhancing strategies, verbal aggressiveness, and argumentativeness strategies.

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In this topic, I have learned about group communication interaction. Group communication is the interaction of three or more interdependent members working to achieve a common goal. There are several purposes of group communication among them to share and exchange information and ideas, to collect information or feedback on any project, to arrive at a decision on important matters, and many more.  In group communication, there are types of group roles that we should know for example the types of roles are task role, maintenance role, disruptive, or individual goal agenda roles. The experience in my life that related to this topic is when I was working on a group assignment that was given by my lecturer this semester, I have been given the task to do something for my group like being a leader to help my group define and achieve our goal, and other role roles such as compile the assignment, and so on. I am also an information giver that helps my group to find the information about our task for the assignments. Besides, I am also being a supporter to all of my group members, and I always encourage my group members not to complete their tasks last minute. I also provide emotional warmth, praise, and acceptance to inspire all of the group members to equally succeed in our assignment project without any conflict happening during the task or after doing the task. This kind of group communication interaction has advantages and disadvantages for all people that working in a group, especially for the student like me. The advantage of working in groups is getting the best group performance based on the cooperation that we have done with each other in the assignment project.  The other advantages of working in a group are member satisfaction, learning, cultural understanding, creativity, and civic engagement. Next, disadvantages of working in a group are which consequently takes up a lot of time and energy, the risk of conflict occurring between group members due to the people problems. To overcome these disadvantages of group communication interaction there are several ways we need to do how to succeed in groups which are communicating effectively with culturally-diverse members, use language effectively, convey a professional image, resolve group conflict and demonstrate leadership.

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I thoroughly enjoyed this organizational communication learning during class with my lecturer Sir Mohd. Azizul Hafiz bin Jamian.  It has helped to broaden my perspective of how organizations have used communication in an ever-changing world.  What I would like to explain is what I intend to do with the information that I learned in this course. Organizational communication is the way in which groups of people maintain structure and order through their symbolic interactions and allow individual actors the freedom to accomplish their goals. First of all, I learned about my own personal conflict management style on this topic.  I took a self-assessment to analyze how I deal with conflict.  My unique style is strongest in a collaborating way. My belief is that two people working together can produce better answers and solutions than either can produce on their own individually. I have experienced this topic in my real life, where I had undergone my industry training in the district office, my observation of an organization by just watching people, their interactions with others as well as with customers and not being pre-occupied with my own transaction or involvement within was an eye-opening experience as well.  Oftentimes, we miss the obvious because we are so wrapped up in our own little world that we miss the details.  This opened my eyes for me to see what is actually happening behind the scenes so to speak.  It led me to reflect upon my own work experience and wonder what my customers might be observing as they wait for my service for them. What might they have learned about me just by observing?  Did I portray a family cultural atmosphere? Was I caring enough and respectful of their time? Did they hear any negative comments while waiting?  By conducting this observation, it has helped me to look at this from an entirely different perspective from the customer’s point of view.  It also helped me to choose and associate the style of classical theorists from the text to what I actually observed, which was a real-life experience. In conclusion, this learning topic helped prepare me by seeing differing perspectives, that I would not have otherwise been exposed to.  It has made me look through the eyes of others and see what they see.

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Social media is referred to online tools and services which allow an exchange of ideas, information, videos, pictures, and graphics also just about anything you can name. Social media also allows easy sharing and distribution of existing content to others so that professional work can be shared through networks. People nowadays mostly using social media not only for works but also to interact with people around the world. There is many social media that we know nowadays, such as Facebook, Instagram, Whatsapp, Twitter, Youtube and etc. From what I learned from this learning unit, it is very different because I know more specific when I learned from this learning unit. This is because I never know types of social media before, since I learned this learning unit, I know what types of social media. Many experience that I got from this learning unit which is social media. As young people, we mostly using social media. To be honest, I cannot live without social media because from social media, I can get more information and knowledge either it is useful or not useful. I had using social media such as Instagram, Facebook, Twitter, and Whatsapp. This social media I used for personal life such as uploading my photos and videos to updating my friend and follower in social media. Not only that, I also using social media to keep updating my favourite actors and actress at the same time. Usually, they will posting their photos and promoting their drama using social media. It is very easy to know what they currently doing. As we can see, social media is the most popular nowadays because its gives many advantages to people and I can say it is very useful to our future. Not only easy sharing information to people, it is also can build a relationship for users. Due to Covid-19 pandemic, people are not able to going to everywhere as before because we want to prevent the spread of virus. So, using social media, many marketers and businesses promoting their products and services to people. It is not only gives advantages to businesses but also makes customer’s life easier. For example, people nowadays mostly using Facebook to reconnect with their customers.