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Those people(Muslims) who followed Muhammed were called the sunnni.

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In 661 AD when the last caliph was murdered the family named Umayyads rose to have power.

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The Umayyads passes the tittle from father to son.

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Others who disagreed that any Muslim can be a caliph made a group called the Shiite and they believed only the members of the Muhammad family could be the caliph.

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On September 3 1260, Mamluk Sultanate defeated the invading Mongol.

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In 1095 pope the ll declared the crusades as "a response to 400 years of Muslims conquests.

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In July 750, the Umayyads caliphate was overthrown by the Abbasids dynasty almost 100 years to rule.

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In 610, the angel Gabriel or Jibril appeared to Muhammed in a cave outside mecca starting the story of islam.

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They can not refuse rich nor poor.

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The mosque was not only an Arab building but it was a building that Christians built.

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Spain Islam was here for over 800 years.

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The civil war erupted when Abd al-Rahman III died, and the Christian kings increasing power.

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This is a dynasty of Turkish Muslims called the ottomans.

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The ottomans relied on special slaves to staff.

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The ottoman rulers were called sultans.

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In 1453 the ottomans ended the Byzantines empire.

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In 1772 a group of afghan warriors invaded Safavids empire.

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The Safavids and Ottomans went on to a fight, that lasted more that 100 years.

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The Safavids Shi'ite dynasty became rivals of Sunni ottomans.

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The Safavids Empire reached its peak between 1588 and 1629, during the reign of Shah Abbas I.

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In 1526 troops were leaded by a Mughal Leader named Babur.

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In 1857, the British, who by then had gained control of India sent the lasted Mughal ruler into exile.

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Since his wife died at a young age he used white marble to build the Taj Mahal.

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In 1556, the Mughal leader Akbar the Great came to the throne at the age of 13 and led Muslim India to a brilliant golden age.