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Founded in 1875 (but has changed a lot over the years)
In 1876 and following years, many states made their own forestry associations. The organization is credited with mass gatherings for planting trees, aka arbor day, originating in Cincinnati. IN 1991 after having worked with Teddy Roosevelt for many years the AF played  a big role in the Weeks Act which allowed the the US to hold forested lands to protect certain watersheds. They also came up with the idea of memorial tree planting after WWI. The AF was the main publisher of many of Aldo Leopold’s work. More recently: Tree Equity for underserved communities, a program which helped design “science-based” urban planning to improve tree volume in cities. Since 1990 the ReLeaf program has made an effort to reforest rural and suburban areas.

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1. Sierra Club founded May 28, 1892 John Muir as president

2. Key Accomplishments or Events: Started with protecting boundaries of Yosemite and for much of early history successfully protects national parks/land/nature as well helping prevent many harmful policies and promoting environmentally friendly legislation.s. In 2010 The Sierra Club’s Beyond Coal campaign became the most successful environmental initiative in history.

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Founded in 1900; developed accredited programs for the management of forest resources in the Unites States for social development and consumption.

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Founded in 1905; The National Audubon society is a nonprofit committed to the conservation of birds and their habitat. They coordinate the Christmas Bird Count every December, created eBird with Cornell, and are generally a leading organization in promoting citizen science.

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Protected the largest private ancient sequoia forest, expanded staff, conducted research, engaged underrepresented communities, made parks safe for visitors, has protected more than 20,000 acres of forestland.

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founded in 1935; preserves lands/open space in the US

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Founded in February 1936

-Instrumental in passage of the Federal Aid in Wildlife Restoration Act (1937)

- Instrumental in passage of the Dingell-Johnson Act (1950)

- Sets up scholarship fund for college undergraduates pursuing wildlife degrees (1952)

Creation of Ranger Rick (1958)

-Passing Clean Air Act (1963)

-Passing US Wilderness Act (1964)

- “Environmental Quality Index,” the country’s first annual report card on status of our environment and natural resources(1969)

-Helped to ban DDT

-Preserving land
-Implemented environmental education and literacy programs for 5 millions students

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Began in the United States and expanded internationally in 1980s when TNC International Conservation Program is launched to identify natural areas and conservation organizations in Latin America in need of technical and financial assistance; 1989 with funding from US Congress TNC launches Parks in Peril program which seeks to protect 50 million acres in Central and South America and the Caribbean by helping local organizations provide effective park stewardship

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WWF works with local communities in nearly 100 countries on issues involving climate, food, forests, freshwater, oceans, and wildlife. They have invested over $1 billion in conservation initiatives since 1995, and over half their funding comes from individual donations or bequests. They also publish the Living Planet Report, which is based on a Living Planet Index and an ecological footprint calculation, every two years.

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Published on September 27, 1962 by Rachel Carson, it documented the adverse effects on the environment through the aimless use of pesticides. Carson accused the chemical industry of spreading disinformation, as well as accusing public officials of disregarding the industry’s wrongdoings. It ultimately inspired the environmental movement that led to the creation of the EPA.

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Congress passed Wilderness Act to help preserve and protect different areas of land so that they are maintained in their natural state. By doing this, large areas of wilderness in the U.S. remain protected from harmful human constructions/plans to this day.

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United States nonprofit environmental advocacy group known for its work on issues including global warming, ecosystem restoration, oceans, and human health;  advocates using sound science, economics and law to find environmental solutions that work

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a group originating in San Fransisco working to transform  economic and political systems through strategic reforms that lead to systemic, radical changes.  Especially known for their efforts in lobbying big corporations (e.g. Walmart) to phase out bee-killing neonicotinoid pesticides for crops.

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Impact: increased environmental awareness in America. Also led to the passing of the Clean Water act and the Endangered Species Acts.

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Environmental protective agency in the US government that conducts research and sets regulations for the continued learning, protection, preservation of the environment in America. Set environmental baselines so that changes (positive and negative) of the biological and physical environment can be monitored. This includes air and water quality and most other environmental issues, lots of overlap with other groups and agencies in the U.S.

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1.  By mid 1970s independent groups using the name Greenpeace started springing up worldwise. 1977 15-20 Greenpeace groups around the world. Founders sought to move away from a more conservative angle of environmentalism and were more concerned with developing new codes of social, environmental and political behavior.

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Signed into law by President Nixon on December 28, 1973, it is the primary law in the United States for protecting endangered species. It “protects species and the ecosystems upon which they depend" through different mechanisms. Any threatened or endangered species is protected under the act, and it is now known as one of the most significant environmental laws in the US

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An area that was initially supposed to be a "dream community" was turned into a chemical dumpsite. In the '50s the dump was covered up and turned into a working-class community. In 1978, a high amount of rainfall triggered an explosion throughout the community, where chemicals scattered everywhere. Later, babies were found with birth defects.

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Date: 1979
What Happened: An accident that occured in the Three Mile Island Nuclear Generating Station in Pennsylvania. There was a partial meltdown in the Unit 2 reactor. This accident caused many changes in the operation of nuclear power plants in the US. 

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The government wanted to dump around 6,000 truckloads of toxic soil in Afton, NC against the wishes of the residents. This was not the first instance of resistance for the cause of environmental justice, but some see it as the first major protest. Brought the environmental justice movement closer to the civil rights movement and sparked many studies throughout the US of how pollution sites were generally tied to communities of color.

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1. What Happened: An accident that occured in the Three Mile Island Nuclear Generating Station in Pennsylvania. There was a partial meltdown in the Unit 2 reactor. This accident caused many changes in the operation of nuclear power plants in the US.

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Inspired by the earlier environmental movement, Earth First! organized major protests around the protection of habitats and ecosystems that were being destroyed for profit.

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Key Accomplishments or Events: The Energy and Finance program pushed for environmental policies for several large banks - specifically, the RAN pushed for several banks to stop funding the practice of mountaintop removal coal mining. In 2009 they also lobbied against Chevron dumping waste oil into the Ecuadorian rainforest.

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The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Founded 1988

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The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Founded 1988

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To provide policymakers with scientific assessments on climate change. They would provide data that assess potential future risks as well as coming up with ideas to adapt and mitigate to potential risks.

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Indigenous Environment Network - Founded 1990

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Indigenous Environment Network - Founded 1990

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They are an Indigenous organization working to unite indigenous communities. They have annual meetings (called Protect Mother Earth Gatherings) in which they gather to build community and develop strategies to address environmental issues faced by Indigenous peoples. They are behind initiatives such as Keep it in the Ground and Just Transition.

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First National People of Color Environmental Leadership Summit 1991

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First National People of Color Environmental Leadership Summit 1991

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1. allowed POC to voice their concerns about the environmental movement what they think should be addressed, created the 17 principles of environmental justice, POC voiced what they were experiencing such as being located near toxic waste sites, the term environmental racism was introduced.

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The Office of Environmental Justice- Founded 1992

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The Office of Environmental Justice- Founded 1992

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Created to address disproportionately adverse human health and environmental impacts in overburdened communities. Their intention is to decrease environmental burdens, increasing environmental benefits, and collaboratively working to build healthy, sustainable communities.

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Also known as the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED) , which took  place in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from 3-14 June 1992, was  a global conference that invited political leaders, diplomats, scientists, and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) from 179 countries for a massive effort to focus on the impact of human socio-economic activities on the environment. Ultimately established that sustainable development was feasible for all.
https://www.un.org/en/conferences/environment/rio1992

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Also known as ELF, it is an environmental group that takes extreme actions towards protecting the environment. The U.S. considers it one of the biggest domestic-terrorist threats because of actions like attacking logging, warehouse, and other harmful companies/buildings with arson

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1. This was the first COP (Conference of Parties), a gathering for countries to discuss concerns regarding climate change. Nations gathered in Berlin, Germany. This is the first of 25 (ongoing) conferences in which nations gather to draft protocols and agreements relating to climate change, greenhouse gas emissions, etc.

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The third session of the Conference of the Parties during the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change; Kyoto Protocol was signed, in which developed countries agreed to specific targets for cutting their emissions of greenhouse gases

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1. Date: November 30, 1999

2. What Happened: A series of anti-globalization, anti-capitalist conferences with approximately 40,000 protesters. After the WTO Ministerial Conference of 1999, when members of the World Trade Organization (WTO) gathered in Seattle, Washington. The Conference was in order to create new global trade negotiations.

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This documentary, directed by Davis Guggenheim and written by Al Gore, has been lauded for raising awareness of climate change. It focuses on US vice president Al Gore’s efforts to educate the general public about global warming. The film was incredibly well received, winning two academy awards for best picture and best original song

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Creation of Global Call for Climate Action (GCCA) (2007)

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Creation of Global Call for Climate Action (GCCA) (2007)

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Born out of the need to raise awareness on climate change and put pressure on different nations to reach agreements to tackle the issue. Worked as a catalyst for the Paris climate agreement.

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Org dedicated to renewable energy and achieving 350ppm of carbon in the atmosphere. Key events: First global day of action, Global Work Party, Keystone XL Resistance, Do The Math tour, Global Power Shift, People’s Climate March, #ExxonKnew, Cancelled Energy East pipeline, Cancellations of 2 coal plants in Aliaga, overturned Kinder Morgan’s Trans Mountain pipeline, Global Climate Strike
https://350.org/about/#history

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Copenhagen Denmark
Climate change as 'greatest challenge'; not very good progress - nothing passed, just Copenhagen Accord 'taken note of'

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This documentary investigated the effects of fracking on the environment in several states / what health implications these effects have. It helped bring mainstream attention and awareness to fracking, and helped mobilize the anti-fracking movement

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1. Date: Apr 20, 2010 – Sep 19, 2010

2. Impact: Released 134 million gallons of oil into the Gulf of Mexico over 87 days, fouling 1,300 miles of shoreline along five states, imposed adverse health conditions unto and killed thousands of marine mammals and sea turtles, 20% of all oceanic juvenile Kemp's Ridley sea turtles, and caused an increase in dolphin strandings in the northern Gulf of Mexico for several years

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A large-scale march in NYC to sound the alarm to the UN about the imminent dangers of climate change. Gained the attention of major world leaders, like SoS John Kerry, who promised a larger commitment to climate change solutions.

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Standing Rock, also known as the Dakota Access Pipeline Protests
was a series of protests led by the Standing Rock Sioux tribe as well as indigenous activists from many nations. The protests concerned indigenous land and water protection/rights as well as indigenous sovereignty over sacred lands.

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1. Date: April 29, 2017

2. Reason: Environmental policies of Trump admin

3. Impact: 200,000 marcher in D.C., over 370 sister marches, raised awareness, showed that people care and will keep admin accountable

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Founded in April 2017
-sit-in at House Speaker Nancy Pelosi's office to back the Green New Deal

-Advocating for Green New Deal legislation

-organized Global Climate Strike (3 million people across 150 countries)

-raised millions of dollars

-Accused politicians of accepting campaign contributions from the fossil fuel industry or energy companies

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On April 22, 2017, the March for Science took place around the world to show support and emphasize science and truth over lies and fake news. It was meant to be non-partisan and show support for science.

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Group dedicated to civil disobedience and nonviolent protests to advocate for climate justice. Key events: Declaration of Rebellion against the UK Government, International Rebellion, Autumn Rebellion, protests in NYC and the Pacific and Australia https://rebellion.global/, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extinction_Rebellion

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working to transform our economic and political systems through strategic reforms that lead to systemic, radical changes

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Eleventh session of the Conference of the Parties (COP 11), November 2005

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Also known as ELF, it is an environmental group that takes extreme actions towards protecting the environment. The U.S. considers it one of the biggest domestic-terrorist threats because of actions like attacking logging, warehouse, and other harmful companies/buildings with arson 

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Center for Health, Environment and Justice

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Center for Health, Environment and Justice

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1. CHEJ has grown into the nation’s leading resource for grassroots environmental activism, a ground-breaking, progressive organization with a vision for clean, green neighborhoods built from hard-won experience fighting for environmental justice.

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The Battle of Seattle Selah
Date: November 30, 1999
What Happened: A series of anti-globalization, anti-capitalist conferences with approximately 40,000 protesters. After the WTO Ministerial Conference of 1999, when members of the World Trade Organization (WTO) gathered in Seattle, Washington. The Conference was in order to create new global trade negotiations. 