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a category of artistic composition, as in music or literature, characterized by similarities in form, style, or subject matter.

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the standard photographic film format for analog single lens reflex still cameras and motion picture cameras.

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a type of camera with two objective lenses of the same focal length.

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use bigger film size. uses a 4X5 film size

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monochrome imaging process based on light sensitivity of silver halides.

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collect, maintain, exhibit, and research the photo collection at a museum.

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a public display of works of arts or items of interest held in a gallery or museum

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using elements of in a scene to create a frame within your frame

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a room or building for the display or sale of works of art.

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a legal device that gives the creator of a literary, artistic, musical, or other creative work the sole right to publish and sell that work.

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An element of art defined by a point moving in space. Line may be two-or three-dimensional, descriptive, implied, or abstract

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An element of art that is two-dimensional, flat, or limited to height and width.

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An element of art that is three-dimensional and encloses volume; includes height, width AND depth (as in a cube, a sphere, a pyramid, or a cylinder). Form may also be free flowing.

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An element of art made up of three properties: hue, value, and intensity.

• Hue: name of color

• Value: hue’s lightness and darkness (a color’s value changes when white or black is added)

• Intensity: quality of brightness and purity (high intensity= color is strong and bright; low intensity= color is faint and dull)

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The lightness or darkness of tones or colors. White is the lightest value; black is the darkest. The value halfway between these extremes is called middle gray.

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An element of art that refers to the way things feel, or look as if they might feel if touched.

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An element of art by which positive and negative areas are defined or a sense of depth achieved in a work of art .

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symmetry around a central axis, as in a starfish or a tulip flower.

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made up of exactly similar parts facing each other or around an axis; showing symmetry.

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having parts which fail to correspond to one another in shape, size, or arrangement; lacking symmetry.

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the fact of two things being seen or placed close together with contrasting effect.

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containing or using only one color.

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is a means of depicting a visual image that does not have an immediate association with the object world and that has been created through the use of photographic equipment, processes or materials.

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Balance is a compositional technique in photography that juxtaposes images within a frame so that the objects are of equal visual weight.

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Emphasis is defined as an area or object within the artwork that draws attention and becomes a focal point

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the path the viewers eye takes through the work of art. such movement can be directed along lines, edges, shape, and color within the work of art.

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the quality or state of being different or diverse; the absence of uniformity, sameness, or monotony.

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The repetition of lines, shapes, tones or color can create interesting images. There are photographers who use the pattern as the main subject of an image while others use it to enhance the overall composition and look of the photograph.

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It helps create a cohesive image. Using similar colors or tones, concepts or elements cultivates a sense of unity

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is usually comparing size of objects, or the amount of one thing to the whole.

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The phrase cool color is used to describe any color that is calm or soothing in nature.

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The phrase warm color is used to describe any color that is vivid or bold in nature.

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Description

Complementary colors are pairs of colors which, when combined or mixed, cancel each other out by producing a grayscale color like white or black.

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Neutral colors include black, white, gray, and sometimes brown and beige

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The rule of thirds is a "rule of thumb" or guideline which applies to the process of composing visual images such as designs, films, paintings, and photographs.

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There's a composition rule called the golden ratio. ... In photography, the idea is that by using the golden ratio, you are creating an image that is naturally more pleasing to the eye.

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Leading lines refers to a technique of composition where the viewer of your photos attention is drawn to lines that lead to the main subject of the image.

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Positive space refers to the main focus of a picture, while negative space refers to the background.

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Negative space, in art, is the space around and between the subject(s) of an image.

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is an impersonal image not influenced by feelings, interpretations or prejudice.

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emphasizes consideration of the photo that goes beyond the actual subject, inviting the viewer to interpret and reflect on the visual experience it produces

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is the process of offering valid and well-reasoned opinions about the work of others, usually involving both positive and negative comments, in a friendly manner rather than an oppositional one

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the practice of taking someone else's work or ideas and passing them off as one's own.

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a symbol, word, or words legally registered or established by use as representing a company or product.

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relating to moral principles or the branch of knowledge dealing with these.

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illumination from behind

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a soft light with neither the intensity nor the glare of direct light

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light that is already present in a scene, before any additional lighting is added. It usually refers to natural light, either outdoors or coming through windows etc. It can also mean artificial lights such as normal room lights.

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strong and bold contrasts between light and dark areas in a photograph.

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the image of a person, animal, object or scene represented as a solid shape of a single color, usually black, with its edges matching the outline of the subject

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Pairs of closely associated portraits, images or themed pictures are often used to off-set one another.

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consist of separate images that are variants on a theme, or may be one larger image split into three.

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are the smallest unit of information that makes up a picture.

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occurs before sunrise in the morning and after sunset in the evening.

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is the period of daytime shortly after sunrise or before sunset, during which daylight is redder and softer than when the Sun is higher in the sky

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a standard way that information is encoded for storage in a computer file.

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image is an unprocessed photograph captured with a digital camera. It contains the raw image data captured by the camera's sensor (or CCD), saved in proprietary file format specific to the camera manufacturer.

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is the default format that Photoshop uses for saving data.

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a format for compressing image files.

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s a computer file format for storing raster graphics images, popular among graphic artists, the publishing industry, and photographers

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is where you're in control of the shutter speed and ISO, but the camera automatically controls the aperture.

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allows the photographer to determine the exposure of an image by letting them select an aperture value and a shutter speed value.

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means that the camera still sets the exposure for you. It chooses the correct aperture and shutter speed for the light available, so your shot is correctly exposed.

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refers to a setting on some cameras that allows the user to choose a specific shutter speed while the camera adjusts the aperture to ensure correct exposure.

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often abbreviated A or Av on a camera mode dial, is a setting on some cameras that allows the user to set a specific aperture value while the camera selects a shutter speed to match it that will result in proper exposure based on the lighting conditions as measured by the camera's light meter

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measures the sensitivity of the image sensor.

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and ISO are both measurements of film speed, or sensitivity to light. ASA is a scale created by the American Standards Association, but it is no longer widely used.

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granularity is the random optical texture of processed photographic film due to the presence of small particles of a metallic silver, or dye clouds, developed from silver halide that have received enough photons.

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is an electronic device that converts an optical image into an electronic signal.

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is random variation of brightness or color information in images, and is usually an aspect of electronicnoise.

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denoting or relating to a camera that combines the optics and mechanisms of a single-lens reflex camera with a digital imaging sensor, rather than photographic film.

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a set of data that describes and gives information about other data.

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image is a small image that represents a larger one. Thumbnails are often used to provide snapshots of several images in a single space. ... Since digital thumbnails represent a larger version of the same image, they also usually serve as a link to the larger image.

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is an abbreviation of the photography term “Straight Out Of Camera”, simply meaning that an image can be good enough to print straight from the camera without further processing.

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is an image stabilization technology that minimizes blur caused by camera shake.

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what the camera uses to focus on a subject

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bracketing is the general technique of taking several shots of the same subject using different camera settings

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predicts a photo's exposure, relative to the standard exposure, taken with the current meter reading and using the current exposure settings.

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is a technique for adjusting the exposure indicated by a photographic exposure meter, in consideration of factors that may cause the indicated exposure to result in a less-than-optimal image.

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also called continuous shooting mode, sports mode or continuous high speed mode, is a shooting mode in still cameras. In burst mode, several photographs are captured in quick succession by either pressing the shutter button or holding it down

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a camera setting corresponding to a particular f-number.

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aperture is the unit of measurement that defines the size of the opening in the lens that can be adjusted to control the amount of light reaching the film or digital sensor. The size of the aperture is measured in F-stop.

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s the aesthetic quality of the blur produced in the out-of-focus parts of an image produced by a lens. Bokeh has been defined as "the way the lens renders out-of-focus points of light".

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is the distance between the closest and farthest objects in a photo that appears acceptably sharp. Now your camera can only focus sharply at one point.

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is to take parallel rays of light and converge them into a single point offocus so they can be recorded, either on a piece of film or, far more commonly, with a digital sensor. The pointwhere the lens causes the light rays to converge is called the focal point.

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is the length of time when the film or digital sensor inside the camera is exposed to light, also when a camera's shutter is open when taking a photograph. The amount of light that reaches the film or image sensor is proportional to the exposure time.

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is simply a shutter speed option that you can select in Manual mode on your camera. It allows your shutter speed to be any length you choose: one second, one minute, 17 minutes, or anything else.

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is the apparent streaking of moving objects in a photograph or a sequence of frames, such as a film or animation. It results when the image being recorded changes during the recording of a single exposure, due to rapid movement or long exposure.

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is a term used to define the act of accidentally shaking a camera during shooting due to unsteady hands, which results in blurry images. This generally occurs more often if you're shooting on a low shutter speed or with a heavy lens, and can be avoided by using a tripod and cable release setup.

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a three-legged stand for supporting a camera or other apparatus

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is a feature many digital cameras and video cameras use to accurately balance color. ... Since different types of lighting affect the way a camera's sensor captures color, most digital cameras and camcorders include an auto white balance (AWB) setting.

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is the process of removing unrealistic color casts, so that objects which appear white in person are rendered white in your photo. Proper camera white balance has to take into account the "color temperature" of a light source, which refers to the relative warmth or coolness of white light.

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A shaded location generally produces cooler or bluer pictures, hence you need to warm up the surroundings while shooting shaded objects

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is because it warms up the subject and surroundings and allows you to capture better shots.

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this setting of the digital camera cools down the color temperature in photos.

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the process of removing unrealistic color casts, so that objects which appear white in person are rendered white in your photo.

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The flash mode is required when there is inadequate lighting available. This mode helps pick the right White Balance under low light conditions.

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is a common way of doing things. It is something that many people do, and have done for a long time

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A shadow is a dark (real image) area where light from a light source is blocked by an opaque object. It occupies all of the three-dimensional volume behind an object with light in front of it.