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Appropriate sized groups are essential as each member needs to contribute to the activity and the leader needs to be able to control the group and make sure the group stays on task.

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It is important that all members participate and it is more likely the group will then succeed. the group learns to work together and use each others strengths on producing the best possible work the group can.

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Determine an effective group composition. 

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Determine an effective group composition. 

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When choosing groups , there are two options: letting the students pick groups and the teacher picking the groups. When learners are able to pick their own groups they are more likely to cooperate however because the learners might be friends, it is easy for the students to get distracted. when the teacher picks the group, because of conflicting personalities, the students might not cooperate well ending in the project taking longer to complete, if completed at all.

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It is important that the teacher creates the atmosphere among students that makes students feel like they belong and because they are part of a group , are willing to work together for the best of everyone. teachers need to create this environment by clearly establishing goal for each member of the group based on their strengths.

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Continually offer praise to groups to motivate them to work even better and cooperate more. Make sure students know their efforts are worthwhile.

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Mediate disputes and help learners reach compromises.

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Mediate disputes and help learners reach compromises.

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Eventually there will be conflict in groups during group work no matter how good the communication skills of the learners might be. It is the teachers responsibility to intervene in these conflict and change the atmosphere of conflict to one of constructive experience.

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Learners need to be made award that it is important for them to listen to each others input rather than just listening to reply with their own opinions.

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Group leader need to be helped with developing leadership skills to be effective in the group. to develop these skills, leaders need to be made aware of clear guidelines on the roles of each member in the group and how to direct the learners in the group.

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Make sure learners are aware of what the task entails, what the students are to learn , the time allocation and how the task will be assessed.

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Help the group to define its position and refocus on the task. 

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Help the group to define its position and refocus on the task. 

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Weaker learners might get lost in the group work process that's why it is important for the teacher to make sure the group refocus and define its objectives.

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Prompt learners to consider a new line of thought.

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Prompt learners to consider a new line of thought.

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When a group has hit a brick wall with no ideas or they are getting distracted, pose new challenging questions to the groups to work on critically thinking about different point of views.

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Save time and frustration if a group is falling behind and stuck by providing information to them.

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Ask a learner to provide specific information. 

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Ask a learner to provide specific information. 

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Progression will occur much faster if the groups attention is directed to a crucial point. students can do this by one learner providing facts, examples and opinions about the issue.

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Encourage learners to share their own opinions about the topic and to show them that having an opinion is important, a teacher can share their own opinion as well.

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Teachers should adopt one of the following roles during the lesson:

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Teachers should adopt one of the following roles during the lesson:

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Help learners to record their results of their learning efforts.

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Help learners to record their results of their learning efforts.

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Learners will concentrate better if they do not have to worry about note taking therefore appoint one person as the note taker and alleviate the stress on the note taker by improving the quality of information that is recorded by providing guidlines.

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Whether students are engaged in small-group discussions, teachers should plan an  effective way of bringing the learning episode to a logical conclusion. With each group, the goal will be that learners nave reached consensus, solved the problem or completed the task. The main reason for having the groups share is that it provides an opportunity for further learning.

THIS APPROACH HAS SEVERAL DRAWBACKS
1] It can be quite time-consuming if there are four or five groups reporting.
2] It can become rather than boring, particularly if there is not much variation in what is being reported from each group.
3] It can result in information overload, making it difficult for learners to keep track of what each group reported and to focus on important differences in the approaches or result.