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https://www.nps.gov/articles/african-americans-and-education-during-reconstruction-the-tolson-s-chapel-schools.htm

https://spartacus-educational.com/USASeducation.htm

https://www.hepg.org/her-home/issues/harvard-educational-review-volume-77-issue-3/herbooknote/self-taught_325

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Most slaves learn how to read Through Christian instruction. but only those whose owners allowed them to attend. Some slave owners would only encourage literacy for slaves because they needed someone to run errands for them and other small reasons. They did not encourage slaves to learn to write.

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Why didn't people want slaves to learn Source 1

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Why didn't people want slaves to learn Source 1

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Learning in the times of slavery for slaves was beneficial but also scary. The slave owners of the plantations outlawed any type of learning or attempt at reading because their belief was that it was a form of "abolishment". For example, according to a review on the book Self-Taught done by Harvard, "
Most White Southern slaveholders were adamantly opposed to the education of their slaves because they feared an educated slave population would threaten their authority. Williams documents a series of statutes that criminalized any person who taught slaves or supported their efforts to teach themselves. One statute in particular, passed in North Carolina in 1830, articulated that “any free person, who shall hereafter teach, or attempt to teach, any slave within this State to read or write, the use of figures excepted, or shall give or sell to such slave or slaves any books or pamphlets, shall be liable to indictment in any court of record in this State.”" This shows that the even though slaves wanted to read as it was a way of freedom, they couldnt because the white people apposed it. This relates to the narrative of Fredrick Douglass becuase in chapter 6 page 44 the mistress tries to teach Douglass and in return the master gets angry and tells her its dangerous because it can make them miss behave.

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The different between slavery in the North and the South. Source 2

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The different between slavery in the North and the South. Source 2

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Schools in the south were very rarely excepting of black children. This was an issue because as previously stated whites believed slaves that were educated have a higher chance of acting out or wanting to be free. On the other hand, the north was different as some schools allowed black children in their schools. This was because down in the south the production of things like cotton, sugar, and other valuable crops was high. In order for it to be this high slaves were needed to do the work so they can make profit as slaves worked for very little money. According to spartacus-educational.com, " In the 18th century there were no schools in the southern states of America that admitted black children to its free public schools. Fearing that black literacy would prove a threat to the slave system whites in the Deep South passed laws forbidding slaves to learn to read or write and making it a crime for others to teach them. For example, in 1740 South Carolina passed the following legislation: "Whereas, the having slaves taught to write, or suffering them to be employed in writing, may be attended with great inconveniences; Be it enacted, that all and every person and persons whatsoever, who shall hereafter teach or cause any slave or slaves to be taught to write, or shall use or employ any slave as a scribe, in any manner of writing whatsoever, hereafter taught to write, every such person or persons shall, for every such offense, forfeit the sum of one hundred pounds, current money."  This clearly shows that the repercussions of educating a slave were far greater than it was to actually educate them. The difference in the deep south and the north is the reason why a ton of slaves (including Fredrick Douglass) fled to the north.

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Why was writing important in slave history and culture

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Why was writing important in slave history and culture

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The slaves were fond of reading and writing as they believed it brought freedom weather actual or creative. It was extremely versatile to their history as well as their culture. The slaves thought that if they knew how to read or write they could then communicate with family members previously unreachable. The slaves in order to be able to have an education had to over come some hurdles. For example according to nps.gov, " During the Reconstruction Era, African Americans in the former slave-holding states saw education as an important step towards achieving equality, independence, and prosperity. As a result, they found ways to learn despite the many obstacles that poverty and white people placed in their path. African Americans’ commitment to education had lasting effects on the former slave-holding states. As voters and legislators, they played crucial roles in creating public schools for blacks and whites in the Southern and border states in the late 1800s." This proves that even though learning was near difficult because of the white slave owners, the slaves persisted and  did it anyway. This was also true in Fredrick Douglass' narrative in chapter 6 page 45 when he talks about how no matter what Mr. Auld did he would continue perusing his education.

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What happened if you where caught learning 

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What happened if you where caught learning 

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If you where caught learning as a slave the punishment's where sever. most slaves would be wiped and tortured for days on end

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The percentage of slaves that where literate was only 10%. Although that number is really small it was still to high for slave holders.

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There where many reason slave wanted to learn how to read and write. The biggest reason was for slaves to forage free papers and passage papers to help aid the freedom of them selves and other slaves

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Some of the slave where thought how to read so they where able to run errands for their master, But the masters did not want the slaves learning how to write so they had to lean in secret.