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(Olivia and Grace)

Q: Shays' Rebellion?

A: Shays' Rebellion was a series of protests between 1786-1787 by local farmers against state and local enforcement of tax collections and harsh punishments for debts. The brunt of this rebellion occurred in the rural areas of Massachusetts where the government there hadn't implemented any Pro-Debtor Laws (such as forgiving debt or printing paper money) to relieve pressure created by the economic crisis. Armed rebellion against these conditions came under the leadership of Daniel Shays, a former captain in the Continental Army. The rebels were known as Shaysites after their leader. The general public's view of these rebellions were split into two different categories: one side saw them as inspired leaders working in the tradition of the American Revolution. while others saw them as a dangerous threat to the fledgling republic. haha.

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-Populist Party: No Presidents--last

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-Whigs

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Native Americans Before 1900 (Aiden, Andrea)

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Native Americans Before 1900 (Aiden, Andrea)

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Frontier of Exclusion in British Colonies

Native Americans Split between America and Britain during Revolutionary War

Andrew Jackson embraced Indian Removal Act

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-haha.

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A major event in the appearance o f women's rights groups was the popularization of reformation societies, who were mainly led by women. For example, the Moral Reform Society was most significantly led by evangelical women in 1834 to discourage prostitution. The

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e̷̢̩̪ͦs̷̱͚͓̙͎̃̎e̢̮͔͕̫̯͎̻ͭ̃̏͒ͭ̀n̜̦͙̙̞̭̊͐ͮ̑ͮ̄̄ṯ̷̔͂̾̾̎̐ͣͬ̐͡ḯ͒ͨ͑̃̌ͨ͠҉̢̥̺n̬ͨ̽ͫ̀ͩͣ́͠g̷̷͕̠̰͚͎̦͚͔̈́̈ͩ̃̔́̚ ̷̗̭͙̃̃͑͝c̯̺̯͓̩̱͂̓̑͝ḥ̊̓ͮ͠ă̵̡̤͈͍̪̗̾͑̎̆̈o̶͖̫̰̺͎̬̗̿ͬ̿ͤͭ̕

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Whigs and Democrats divisions (Daphne & Dana

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Whigs and Democrats divisions (Daphne & Dana

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-Whigs opposed expansionism because of anti-slavery sentiment

-Slavery was main split between both political parties haha.

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Effects on African Americans during the American Revolution (Pamela & Janessa) 

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Effects on African Americans during the American Revolution (Pamela & Janessa) 

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The institution of slavery continued.

Africans were allies with the Loyalists (British) and fled after the war.

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Throughout the colonial era, females had very few rights, originating from the European traditions colonists brought with them to the New World. The role of colonial women was mainly as a home maker. One exclusivity to this pattern was the accidental permission written in the NJ constitution, allowing women to vote. However, the restrictions on African American women throughout the American slave trade were different as African American women were just as oppressed as African American men. This pattern, for both white and African American women would continue until the beginnings of the industrial era (1800's) when textile manufacturers would begin to employ women. African American women remained restricted from entering the workforce, as new patriarchal familial designs accompanied the emancipation of slavery in the U.S. contributed to women being restricted to the "home sphere", as well as the fact that racism in both the North and the South kept African American women and men from work.

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Political Machines in the 19th Century (Ankita + Alice)

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Political Machines in the 19th Century (Ankita + Alice)

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-Tammany Society NYC organization of artisans, Democrats

- Collected working class votes, found in big cities

-Provided services and aid to immigrants in exchange for votes

-Create antagonism between upper and middle class reformers, and machine politicians

-Machine controlled by the "boss" who represented the group's interests

-A new mass political party that fostered feeling of community

-They were often corrupt and manipulated the elections

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American Immigrant colonies (GERARDO&LINA) 

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American Immigrant colonies (GERARDO&LINA) 

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In the colonial era the US experienced multiple major waves of immigrants. The migration was due to new economic opportunities. The first restriction was in 1882, The Chinese Exclusion Act. Restriction Chinese people from entering the US.

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Same level of production and sharing resources at that level

Ex. Standard Oil Company haha.

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Native Americans Before 1900 (Aiden, Andrea)

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Native Americans Before 1900 (Aiden, Andrea)

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Frontier Exclusion in British Colonies

Native Americans Split between America and Britain during Revolutionary War.

Andrew Jackson embraced Indian Removal Act

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Women and the Revolutionary War (Olivia & Grace)

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Women and the Revolutionary War (Olivia & Grace)

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-During the war, women served as spies, nurses, and disguised soldiers.

-Women were left in charge of the home when men left for war, undertaking a larger role in the household.

-Patriot women supported the war effect by boycotting British goods, forming groups to provide for the poor army, and supporting the cause with patriot literacy and ideals.

-Women held no political power before, during, and after the war, but many, like Abigail Adams, influenced their powerful husbands.

-After the war, women rights were hardly effected, but they did gain more court rights and some women began to preach ideas of equal rights.

-Women's roles in the revolutionary war earned them some low-key rights, more respect in the household and eventually lead to more opportunities and occupations for women, though, ultimately, women's rights remained unchanged until the mid 19th century.

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Roles of African Americans in the Revolution 

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Roles of African Americans in the Revolution 

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(Alice + Ankita)

-Some fought with the patriots

-British promised to free slaves who fought for their side

-Many escaped for Britain during/after the war

-Slavery not ended, ideals of rev. did help free some, northern states began to free

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A member of the chain produces a diff. product or service

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Jefferson Davis - Confederate President

Abraham Lincoln - Union President

Ulysses S. Grant -

Robert E. Lee - Confederate General

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-Revolutionary war and civil war women became nurses and spies.

- After revolutionary war married women didn't have many legal or economic existence, whereas unmarried women had more legal freedom.

-During Civil War women where forced to into work outside their homes. haha.

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(celeste ,cece)

Constitutional Union Party Formed by the Whigs to help allegiance in the union .

Lincoln Won president.

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The British government made American colonies pay a large part from war debt form the French and Indian war. haha.

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Frontier of inclusion and exclusion (Raylinn and Tabbi)

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Frontier of inclusion and exclusion (Raylinn and Tabbi)

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+Spanish and the French used the frontier of inclusion. The Spanish and the French included the Native Americans as part of their society , resulting in a mixed culture.

+English used a frontier of exclusion. The English excluded the Native Americans from their society, and moved them west in order to take their land. haha

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- spawned by commercialization, transportation, and industrialization

-created more job opportunities

- federal gov't built a national road --> tied the east and west together. Helped foster a national economy

- access to distant markets fueled economic growth

- helped turn interest away from Atlantic and further towards heartland of country

- the South didn't turn away from agriculture for a long time. They chose to rely on cash crops such as King cotton, which was then sent to the North to foster economic growth.

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Jacksonian democracy originated with Andrew Jackson's win of the 1828 election for the Democratic party. In the same line, the Democrat party also appeared in the 1820's, favoring state's rights and limited federal government. Jackson's win for the Democrats was a result of universal white male suffrage by 1840 and Jackson's appeal to the "common man". A major feature of Jackson's presidency was the strengthening of the executive branch. However, Jackson' residency was speckled with regional politics led by Henry Clay and John C. Calhoun. hahaha

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political, economic and social reforms in the south 

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political, economic and social reforms in the south 

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(Vianney Campos & Mayra Meraz)

-civil rights act & 14th amendment( so south couldn't declare act unconstitutional

_15th amendment= the right to vote

-religious reforms( Christianity)

- First & Second great awakening

-Straighten Public education

- farming and sharecroping spread

- production of rice, sugar, corn, tobacco and others.

-industrialism ( factories, mines, stell mills)

-reconstruction (

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Sterling, Eli

-Feds: John Adams (favored Constitution) and Anti-feds (Supported strong state goverment)

-Jeffersonian Republicans: Thomas Jefferson, James Madison, James Monroe, John Quincy Adams. Views: Reincarnation of Anti-feds, favored strong state governments, followed to some degree Jefferson's idea of a republic of yeoman farmers.

-Democrats: Andrew Jackson, Martin Van Buren. Views: Supported South, start of popular democracy, James K. Polk, Franklin Pierce, James Buchanan, Andrew Johnson, Grover Cleveland

-Whig: William Harrison, John Tyler, Zachery Taylor, Millard Fillmore.

-Republicans: Abraham Lincoln, Ulysses S. Grant, Rutherford B. Hayes, James A. Garfield, Chester A. Arthur,Benjamin Harrison, William McKinley.

-Free soil Party: (No presidents)

-People's Party:

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Transcendentalism in early America and David Thoreau. (Janessa & Pamela) 

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Transcendentalism in early America and David Thoreau. (Janessa & Pamela) 

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-Promoted the idea of Individualism to make middle class men feel better about themselves.

-Criticism of the market rev.

-Live in association with nature.

-Thoreau recommended a simple lifeof subsistence living that left time for spiritual thought.

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Political Impact of Growing Cities (Raevyn & Alex)

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Political Impact of Growing Cities (Raevyn & Alex)

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*Railroads

*Long-standing international trade

*Immagration

*City Services

*Mass transportation

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eries of religious revivals starting in the early 18th century based on Methodism and Baptism. It had an impact on moral movements and reforms such as the temperance movement, prison reforms, and abolotionism. Helped spread new evangelical spirit that was more democratic and enthusiastic. haha

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Greater understanding of the seven years war.(Alex, Raevyn0

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Greater understanding of the seven years war.(Alex, Raevyn0

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A war fought in Europe, North America, and India between 1756 and 1763. It put France and its allies against Great Britain and its allies. The effects were lasting disputes between the country and it affected the trade

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(John Smith and Abraham Lincoln)

Increased the power of the national government

Articles of Confederation were too weak (Shays' Rebellion showed this)

The Federalists were those arguing in favor of it

Jefferson and Anti-Federalists argued against it

Madison argued that the Constitution would harness the power of factions (minority groups would balance each other out as they fought for their own interests and made alliances) haha