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http://www.investopedia.com/video/play/valueadded-tax-vat/

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VAT or value added tax is a tax on the added value of some goods when moving through the supply chain to the final consumer.

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Finally the retailer sells Dulce to consumers for $10 plus the VAT that in dollars is $1 for a total of $11.

So the retailer has to pay Alexia $0.50, that is the total VAT at this point. Otherwise $1, minus the prior VAT, which is $0.50, charged by the manufacturer.

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However the manufacturer owes Alexia only $0.30 because we have to subtract $0.20, that is one added value, from $0.50, which is the other added value. So we obtain the final VAT: $0.30.

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VAT is assessed and collected at each stage of the supply chain.

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The manufacturer then sells Dulce to a retailer for $5.00, but even here we have to add the VAT of the 10% on to the taxable base that this time is $0.50, making a total of $5.50

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When Dulce buys raw materials, let's suppose the company manufacture pays $2.00, it also has to pay the 10% of the taxable base that in this case is $2.00. So in total it has to pay $2.20 and VAT is $0.20.

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Dulce is a manufacturer that is sold Alexia. This country has a 10% VAT.

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VAT is primarily used in the European Union.