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1) Write an email to Starbucks expressing your own opinion on the matter. You can google if there are any recent developments that are not mentioned in this article.

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1. Mikä on PM2.5 ja miten se liittyy artikkeliin? Kaksi asiaa.

2. Millaisia oireita ilma aiheuttaa?

3. Mitä kansalaiset vaativat ja ketä he kritisoivat?

4. Miten ilmansaasteet näkyvät sairaalassa?

Mitä ovat suomeksi...:

airborne

visibility level

plummet

sting

hazardous

respiratory department

(käytä tekstiä apuna!)

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1. Kuinka ystävykset tutustuivat?

2. Mikä hämmästytti kirjoittajaa?

3. Mitä huomioita kirjoittaja teki kun he tapasivat ensimmäisen kerran?

4. Millaisia muistoja Edithillä oli Wienistä? (Vienna)

5. Mitä mieltä Edith oli nykypäivän juhlista ja miksi?

6. Millaisia tunteita Edithin luona käyminen välillä herätti?

7. Miten jäätelö ja viini liittyvät Edithiin?

Lisäksi:

Valitse tekstistä viisi sinulle uutta tai mielestäsi olennaista sanaa ja kirjoita ne käännöksineen.

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1. Why was the man who posted the video angry at Starbucks?

2. Instead of boycotting Starbucks, what does the man suggest?

3. Why did the man say his name is "Merry Christmas"?

4. According to the man, what do the cups really symbolize?

5. What else did he bring to Starbucks with him and why?

6. How did Starbucks comment on the cups?

7. What do you think - should Starbucks and other companies remain neutral or is it okay to celebrate Christmas or any other holiday season in their products?

8. What would you like to say to the man who started it all?

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1. How did the whole thing start for Howard and how does he market himself?

2. What happened in Russia and how did the crowd react?

3. How is Howard involved in politics?

4. Name one big difference between Howard and Minyong.

5. Who usually react negatively to a Kim Jong-un impersonator? Why or how?

6. Explain the following expressions in English, in your own words:

"in character"

"the dear leader"

"entourage"

"part-time vocation"

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Starbucks "removed Christmas" from their Cups and angered a lot of people 

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Starbucks "removed Christmas" from their Cups and angered a lot of people 

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WRITE YOUR OWN QUESTIONS! Come up with at least 5 questions. When you're done, switch questions with your partner and answer their questions.

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English speakers are the least optimistic about humanity's chances of avoiding dangerous climate change, according to a survey of readers in English, French, German and Italian conducted by the Guardian, Le Monde, Süddeutsche Zeitung and La Stampa.

Among those who answered the questionnaire in English - mainly respondents in the UK, but also some from the US, Canada, Australia and across Europe - 64% were less optimistic than they were five years ago that humanity would be able to avoid dangerous climate change, 12% were more optimistic and 24% said they felt the same as they did in 2010.

The Italians were the most hopeful, with 26% saying they felt more optimistic about the issue now than they did five years ago and 41% saying their feelings had not changed on the issue.

English speakers are the least optimistic about the chances of avoiding dangerous climate change

Out of more than 6,000 self-selecting respondents, many expressed dismay at the slow pace of political action on climate change.

In the UK, there was a strong tendency among respondents to try to reduce their personal carbon footprint. Individuals focused on cutting back on eating meat, switching off appliances, changing the way houses are heated and swapping to low-carbon forms of transport.

"I don't drive, I cycle or take public transport. I choose to live a vegetarian lifestyle and I switch off all electronics when not in use. It's only small steps, but if the whole world followed with little things like this, it would have a huge overall impact in reducing carbon emissions," said Lucy Ambler, from Manchester.

Some respondents had dramatically altered their lives to reduce their impact on the environment, such as Annie, from Devon. "I haven't taken a plane in 20 years, I have been vegan for 20 years (and vegetarian for 45 years), I try to use my car as little as possible. I produce in my home much more energy than I use, I only use rainwater to flush the loo, I try to buy only second-hand clothes and attend clothes swaps," she wrote. "I have helped create a community orchard with my neighbours, I grow a lot of the food I eat. I have stopped owning pets (who consume meat) and instead welcome wildlife in my garden, I do not use Wi-Fi, I go round various public buildings turning lights off."

I go round public buildings turning lights off

Annie, Devon, UK

Respondents from around the world spoke of trying to cut down their transport emissions, with many saying they minimised their car use by cycling and using public transport. Many also tried to reduce the number of plane trips they went on each year. "I have never flown yet," wrote one German respondent, in the 45-54 age bracket.

A number of respondents spoke of their decision not to have children because of environmental concerns. Luke, in the 35-44 age bracket and from the UK, said that as well as adopting a vegan diet, buying local produce and eschewing plastic bottles and bags, he had decided to adopt rather than having biological children.

Several respondents expressed a sense of despair that no matter how much they changed their lifestyles, unless worldwide political action occurred, it would make no difference.

I have never flown yet

German respondent, aged 45-54

"Anything I do would be negated by emerging economies and China," said Connor, in the 55-64 bracket and from Lancashire.

In contrast, one respondent from Mauritius, an island whose existence is threatened by rising sea levels, laid the responsibility for action at the feet of nations such as the UK, France, Germany and Italy.

"It is not my responsibility. Let those who have a comfortable GDP, live in luxury, enjoying the very best in life, do the planet cleaning. Let those who have created riches by destroying the planet assume full responsibilities," Cader wrote.

According to the survey, when it comes to individual action to reduce emissions, Italians favour cycling, insulating their homes and installing solar panels. One respondent, Francesco Barsotti, said he used his bicycle for all journeys under 60km (37 miles).

I tend to avoid using air conditioners and try to get food from the areas closest to me

Gildo Serenego, Italian

Gildo Serenego, a resident of Lombardy, said he was more worried about climate change than he used to be and had started turning down his thermostat and limiting the use of his car. "I tend to avoid using air conditioners in the summer and try to get food from the areas closest to me."

Germans prefer solar panels, changing windows for better insulation, minimising car use and travelling by train - a testament to Germany's excellent rail system. "Our family needs less and less energy every year and we haven't had a car for 31 years and we use local produce," wrote Lesum, from Frankfurt.

Other Germans spoke of joining tree-planting projects, ordering tap water at restaurants - environmentally friendly because it is not packaged or transported - and one respondent said he used warm water just twice a week in his energy-efficient house.

While 30% of French people said they were doing nothing to reduce their emissions, a popular response among those who were taking action was to buy green electricity. Among the actions that French respondents thought their government should take was introducing policies to limit car use, introducing incentives for local food producers and a review of energy policy.

French respondents also thought the government should model environmentally friendly behaviour by reducing its car fleet, cutting energy consumption of public buildings and doing away with Christmas lights.

One French respondent implored the government: "Introduce unpopular laws for five or 10 years, that will produce [emissions] savings in the long term. Don't be so preoccupied by short-term electoral problems."
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cop 21: un climate change conference | paris

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No pets, no kids, no flights: how readers are reducing their carbon footprint

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English speakers are the least optimistic about humanity's chances of avoiding dangerous climate change, according to a survey of readers in English, French, German and Italian conducted by the Guardian, Le Monde, Süddeutsche Zeitung and La Stampa.

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At 111, Dr Edith Kaufmann was the second oldest person in the UK. On 7 October, just two months short of her 112th birthday, she passed away. This is the story of our friendship.

"I've met an old lady," I eagerly told my parents on one of our daily phone calls. "That's nice," my dad said. "No, but you don't understand, she's old, like really old," I paused for effect. "106!!"

That was six years ago, when I had volunteered to start a knitting club at Hammerson House, a care home for the elderly in north London. I didn't realise it would be the start of a close friendship, where the age gap spanned eight decades. From the beginning, I never felt as if Edith and I lacked conversation, or that we didn't have enough in common. I learnt to take the words of wisdom when I could get them ("You must look after your husband") and the sometimes-too-loud complaints with a pinch of salt ("That carer [points] is AWFUL!").

As the years passed, I marvelled at the strength and feat of the human body and its ability to function. At 111, I was amazed that Edith could have a full conversation with me about anything, and that her memory stretched back so easily, recalling even small snippets of conversation which took place 100 years ago.

When I first met Edith, I was struck by her assertiveness. Her doctorate from the University of Vienna in the 1920s told me she was intelligent and sharp. Her English was fluent and her (at times) brusque manner made it clear that this wasn't the type of person to let her guard down instantly.

We began building our friendship piece by piece; week by week. Once I got her photograph projector up and running, she would recall the story behind each of the thousands of photographs that formed the tapestry of her life. Edith had made sure to capture the amazing trips that she took across several continents with her husband, Paul. Both keen photographers, they would go far and wide, at a time when international travel was harder than it is now. From the US to the Middle East with a lot of time spent on "the continent"

Edith and Paul fled Vienna in the late 1930s just before things became too unbearable for them there as Jews. She recalled her feelings when the Germans marched through Vienna, and how people in her mother's apartment building would no longer talk to them. She once went to collect her mended watch from the watchmaker, only to be told that it had already been collected by a Nazi officer. That was just the new way of life: "We had no choice but to accept it."

After leaving Austria, she began building up her life in London and had many friends throughout England and all over the world. As far as Australia and Argentina, Edith knew - and was known by - many. In the early years of our friendship, I would often arrive to find her downstairs in the lounge playing her much-loved Scrabble with a friend. Although towards her later years she was restricted to a wheelchair, she participated in the exercise classes on a twice-weekly basis right up until earlier this year.

As a child she had loved to ice skate on the lake in the Viennese winters, but in her later years it was the summer she adored, when she could spend time in the wonderful gardens that backed on to parts of Hampstead Heath. She had also loved dancing as a child and I recall, only a few weeks before her death, how she smiled when I played the Viennese waltz very loudly on my iPhone and we held hands and danced along to the music.

Over the years of visiting Edith, I explained that sometimes I would be away for a weekend - seeing family for various occasions or at a friend's wedding. She would shake her head when I would describe these events, in disbelief at such a lavish celebration. She described her own wedding, to which she wore an "elegant navy suit and hat" for a ceremony at the synagogue in Vienna before a meal at her parents' house just for the family.

I was fortunate to have attended a couple of her birthday parties - especially since there was always wine and vanilla ice-cream - two of her favourite things. I was always warmly invited to these gatherings with her family, and although the events of the Holocaust had made it a small circle, these celebrations remained a prominent feature throughout her life. A particular birthday that sticks out is when she turned 109 in 2012. I figured that she was probably the only person alive to have celebrated that exact same birthday - 12.12.12 - twice in a lifetime (the last one being 1912!).

Although I'm not some do-gooder with a holier-than-thou approach to life, something interesting started to happen as I visited Edith each week - I realised that I was going as much for me as I was for her. Yes, there were times when I wanted to stay in the pub a bit longer on a Sunday afternoon, or not venture outdoors one particularly cold and snowy Christmas Day. But when things have been a bit frustrating in my life; when I have failed at things over the years (and there have been many); when friendships and relationships have been confusing, and small decisions have weighed on my mind, I have appreciated nothing more than the opportunity to regain my perspective on life and what actually matters.

When we are immersed in our able-bodied lives, it is very difficult to imagine the feeling of imprisonment when your faculties fail you (which, let's face it, at 111 they will do). When the radio holds no pleasure (too deaf) and books aren't an option (too blind), the only thing you will gain any joy from is people and their company. People showing you that you are not forgotten; that you still very much exist as a person with thoughts and feelings and opinions; that you still remember the life that has gone before you - and you remember it with joy and sadness and longing. Seeing how Edith valued the company of people above everything else and material things far beneath that, was a stark reminder of how we (well, me) should try to approach our lives.

Death at 111 is not unexpected, but I still feel that something is missing from my life - and my week. I feel very fortunate to have formed such a special bond with a remarkable lady, who was a true friend in every sense of the word. And I will always be grateful for the excuse I can now give for my much-indulged wine and ice-cream habit: "It's what Edith would have wanted."
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A moment that changed me - making friends with a 106-year-old | Hannah Manson

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At 111, Dr Edith Kaufmann was the second oldest person in the UK. On 7 October, just two months short of her 112th birthday, she passed away. This is the story of our friendship. "I've met an old lady," I eagerly told my parents on one of our daily phone calls.

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Residents of north-eastern China donned gas masks and locked themselves indoors on Sunday after their homes were enveloped by some of the worst levels of smog on record.

Levels of PM2.5, a tiny airborne particulate linked to cancer and heart disease, soared in Liaoning province as northern China began burning coal to heat homes at the start of the winter.

China Xinhua News (@XHNews)
Fairyland or doomsday? Heaviest #smog this year shrouds NE Chinese city of Shenyang, PM 2.5 hit over 1400 pic.twitter.com/GLo82Abk4R

Stephen McDonell (@StephenMcDonell)
North East #China horrendous pollution levels at the moment. PM2.5 should be under 50 and in Shenyang it is... pic.twitter.com/WGOeiiKs7f

In Shenyang, Liaoning's capital, visibility levels plummeted to as little as 100 metres, the state broadcaster CCTV said.

辽宁沈阳新闻 (@shenyangxinwen)
沈阳昨启动重污染天气一级（红色）预警 https://t.co/OcsqhQRvxW pic.twitter.com/tT5HOXGWqh

China's official news agency, Xinhua, published an apocalyptic gallery of images showing the country's latest smog crisis alongside the headline: "Fairyland or doomsday?"

China Xinhua News (@XHNews)
Fairyland or doomsday? Heaviest #smog this year shrouds NE Chinese city of Shenyang, PM 2.5 hit over 1400 pic.twitter.com/GLo82Abk4R

In some areas of Shenyang, PM2.5 readings reportedly surpassed 1,400 micrograms per cubic metre, which is about 56 times the levels considered safe by the World Health Organisation.

CCTVNEWS (@cctvnews)
Thick smog blankets NE. China's Liaoning Province; visibility in Shenyang city within 100 meters pic.twitter.com/sv4qll9iNo

"The air stings and makes my eyes and throat feel sore when I'm outdoors," one woman, who had ventured out to buy a face mask, was quoted as saying. "As for what exactly we should do, I don't know," she added.

By Monday afternoon there had been a slight improvement, although air quality remained at "hazardous" levels in Shenyang, an industrial city of about 8 million inhabitants.

Chris Buckley 储百亮 (@ChuBailiang)
Shenyang air quality index over the past 24 hours. https://t.co/2v4KNF3xSQ pic.twitter.com/DV1XZ6eEDv

The Associated Press said Sunday's smog represented one of the worst episodes of air pollution recorded in China since authorities began releasing air quality data in 2013.

There was indignation on social media as China confronted its latest "airpocalypse".

"The government knows how severe the smog problem is, so why haven't they tackled it?" one critic wrote on Weibo, China's Twitter.

"What's the point of having an environmental protection department? The precondition for developing the economy is not damaging the environment. Our leaders are all well educated. Can't they understand this simple truth?"

Others reacted with resignation. "Other than reporting it, what can the government do?"

Shenyang, a major industrial centre since the days of Mao Zedong, has been attempting to clean up its act in recent years by relocating factories and starting to use natural gas instead of coal to heat homes.

But on Monday doctors in Shenyang were dealing with the consequences of the latest bout of toxic pollution to hit their city.

Yang Shenjia, who works at the Liaoning Jinqiu Hospital, said there had been a sudden influx of patients suffering from breathing complaints over the past two days. "The respiratory department's inpatient wards are full," the doctor told Xinhua.
Additional reporting by Luna Lin
Topics

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Airpocalypse now: China pollution reaching record levels

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Residents of north-eastern China donned gas masks and locked themselves indoors on Sunday after their homes were enveloped by some of the worst levels of smog on record. Levels of PM2.5, a tiny airborne particulate linked to cancer and heart disease, soared in Liaoning province as northern China began burning coal to heat homes at the start of the winter.

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With his extreme crew cut, chubby cheeks and a penchant for black button-up shirts and shiny brogues, Kim Jong-un is one of the world's most recognisable dictators - and one of the most memed and mocked.

Now professional Kim impersonators are cropping up at football games, college campuses and even political protests and rallies.

It's good work if you can get it. One impersonator, who asked to be identified as Howard, hung out with pop star Katy Perry at this year's Grammy Awards in Los Angeles. Another, who goes only by Jeremy, boasted of snogging up to 40 women when he went - in character - to Hong Kong's rugby sevens tournament in March. He was also snapped downing beer in the crowd.

Comedy Photos (@RealPhotoBombs)
kim jong un at the Hong Kong rugby 7's pic.twitter.com/H8mJLLWTjl

Howard is keen to stress that his character, whom he calls "Kim Jong-um", was the world's first professional Kim lookalike, predating his rival Jeremy.

Howard markets himself as "the closest thing you will get to the Dear Leader without going to North Korea" and speaks frankly about the fact that he's happy to "lend the character to projects that make extra money".

Becoming Kim

"It started in 2013 on April Fools day, I uploaded some pictures of me with a Kim Jong-un-esque haircut... Two weeks later I got a call asking me to go to Israel to shoot a burger commercial," says Howard, speaking on the phone from Hong Kong.

But it's not just about the commercial gigs, he says. "Kim Jong-um" attended Russia's Victory Day celebrations this year when the real Kim, who was on the Kremlin's guest list with a cast of other well-known autocrats, failed to show.

Most Muscovites in the crowds got the joke and lined up for selfies, Howard says. But others were taken in, with one bystander apparently asking, in all seriousness, why he was "alone without his entourage".

Howard has also used his character to raise the profile of a number of political protests, including the Occupy Central movement in Hong Kong, the pro-democracy movement which sprung up in 2014.

He has also lent his face to protests organised by a group called North Korea Defector Concerns, rallying against China's forcible repatriation of North Koreans, a situation he has called "unacceptable and extremely unethical".

But the only North Koreans to come face-to-face with his character were those at the consulate in Hong Kong, which he visited as a part of a media stunt. "They were pissed off and called security," he says.

Minyong Kim from South Korea has also adopted the look. He too first dressed up for fun before realising it could make for an interesting part-time vocation.

Arguably his most impressive stunt was when he joined forces with Barack Obama impersonator Reggie Brown to croon a rendition of Eric Carmen's 1970s classic All By Myself on the streets of Seoul.

He has since moved to the US to study where he has become " the most selfied guy on campus ", he told News Gazette.

Ethical mockery?

Some might regard dressing up as a man accused of lauding over prison camps and millions of malnourished citizens as insensitive, but Howard insists his intention has never been to glorify the North Korean leader.

Unlike Howard, Minyong has batted away any requests to lend himself to anything political. He explains that Liberty in North Korea, a US-based campaign group, "asked for my help but I will not do any political action - either agreeing or disagreeing [the] North Korean [government]," he told the Guardian via email.

Minyong says he has never tried to meet North Koreans in character as he knows they wouldn't appreciate it, but "South Koreans know what I am doing, and many people think it is fun... just parody," he says.

Generally the American public appreciate it too, but "some extreme right [wing] conservatives act aggressively - they think I'm am being un-patriotic," he adds.

When News Gazette asked about Kim Jong-un himself he said: "I don't think he really cares about me because he is the 'dear leader' of North Korea and I am just a normal citizen."

Very few people Howard comes across have been annoyed or disgusted, he says. "A few have quietly taken me aside toask 'you know who he is right?'"

Fun though it might be for now, neither Howard nor Minyong are in it for the long haul. Howard says he has dreams to expand his music career, while Minyong insists it's just a stop gap.

"I do this impersonating to make college students laugh and remove stress from daily lives... [but] I have my own dream and career plan and Kim Jong-un impersonating is not major part of my life." Besides, his girlfriend has said she finds the whole thing abhorrent.
Topics

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A life of luxury and adulation for Kim Jong-un impersonators

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With his extreme crew cut, chubby cheeks and a penchant for black button-up shirts and shiny brogues, Kim Jong-un is one of the world's most recognisable dictators - and one of the most memed and mocked. Now professional Kim impersonators are cropping up at football games, college campuses and even political protests and rallies.