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The program director for juvenile justice at the Public Welfare Foundation in Washington, D.C. In this program, she heads up projects to support organizations working in targeted jurisdictions to advance a fair and effective community-based vision of youth justice and focuses on ending the criminalization and incarceration of youth of color. For example, as a part of the Public Welfare Foundation, she has a racial discrimination campaign that organizes educational panels on the issue to spread awareness. She is also a part of the Foundation’s Juvenile Justice Program, which supports groups working to end the criminalization and reliance on incarceration of youth in the United States.

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Life Inside Prison Documentary: Morris's Story

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Life Inside Prison Documentary: Morris's Story

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The first 48 hours in prison focusing on the journey between detention. In this criminal justice documentary, juvenile Morris is brought into detention after cops find him smoking weed outside of an apartment building. Turns out Morris also had an outstanding bench warrant for not appearing at a previous court hearing. This exclusive documentary shows what life inside is really like for juveniles who are arrested and must go before a judge to learn their fate.

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Life Inside Prison Documentary - Rodrick's Story

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Life Inside Prison Documentary - Rodrick's Story

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After a year in juvenile prison and turning his life around, 17-year old Rod lands back in juvenile detention for possession of marijuana and resisting law enforcement — two crimes he says he didn’t commit. As he sits in a juvenile detention cell waiting for his tense day in court, Rod realizes the stakes are high.

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In 2015, juvenile probation referrals had fallen to around 1,200, a decline of over 80 percent. The average San Francisco young person today is 76 percent less likely to be referred to probation as the result of arrest or probation violations than a youth 20 years ago. This demonstrates that fewer youth are being referred to probation which implies that the justice system is changing to limit the amount of incarcerated youth.

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When congressional lawmakers last reauthorized the landmark Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act, they appropriated about $547 million for juvenile justice. Today, federal spending on juvenile justice totals less than half that amount. They spend about $251 million. Funding levels for formula grants help states comply with standards on the care and custody of youths. The lower funding rates also could correspond with the falling youth incarceration rates. With fewer youth incarcerated, there is less funding required.

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Rates of juveniles in residential placement have fallen for more than a decade. In 2015, 152 juveniles per 100,000 population were in residential placements, compared with 356 per 100,000 in 1997. The rate fell roughly equally among whites, African Americans, and Hispanics. Over that same period, rates for Asian youth fell the most, while rates for Native Americans fell the least. The implications of these results are that there is a negative trend, which demonstrates a change in the justice system and that there is work to be done to lower Native American youth incarceration rates. The more shallow gradient for Native Americans could be because of over-policing or lack of funding in predominantly Native American areas.

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Female adolescents are committed to facilities at higher rates than in some previous years, although the rate in 2015 was lower than the 20-year peak in 1996. Many females first enter the system as runaways, or for other status offenses, and cite abuse at home as a primary reason for leaving. Once in the system, they often do not receive adequate treatment and often have different needs than their male counterparts. In 2015, 12 percent of female adolescents in residential placement were there because of status offenses, compared with 4 percent of male adolescents.

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Coalition For Juvenile Justice Reform Initiatives

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Coalition For Juvenile Justice Reform Initiatives

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The Coalition For Juvenile Justice is a nationwide coalition of State Advisory Groups that is located in Washington D.C. The Coalition works with the safety, Opportunity & Success: Standards of Care for Non-Delinquent Youth Project, also known as the SOS Project, to guide states in implementing policy and practices that divert youth engaged in status offense behaviors from the courts to family and community-based systems of care. The SOS project created the "National Standards for the Care of Youth Charged with Status Offenses." These standards promote detention alternatives that are not incarceration for court-involved youth. One of the options that the SOS project presents is giving youth with offenses volunteer hours. The project recognizes that a youth that goes through the justice system and is incarcerated for an offense is more likely to be charged again when they reach adulthood, therefore they are presenting alternatives that promote justice and lower youth incarceration rates. Furthermore, the SOS project advocates for acknowledging family circumstances in the status offense process. This raises awareness of any hardships a child has faced that have influenced their predicament.

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The Casey Foundation is located in Baltimore Maryland and its reform strategies call for juvenile justice systems to significantly and safely reduce the number of young people sent to court-ordered out-of-home placements, reform the standard of care so youth can realize their potential, replace youth prisons with more effective approaches and reinvest savings from closing facilities into community-based alternatives. Casey’s reform strategies are explicit about race equity, focusing specifically on youth of color because they are the youth that systems are most likely to confine. Because racial and ethnic disparities in juvenile justice begin at arrest and persist throughout the youth justice system, reform strategies must be explicit about race and begin with those who face the steepest barriers to healthy adulthood.

A specific reform initiative that implements the Casey foundation's mission is the Juvenile Detention Alternatives Progress report or the JDAI model. Starting in 2009, this reform initiative aims to reduce reliance on the detention of court-involved youth awaiting court hearings or pending placement to correctional programs. The JDAI model reaches 250 counties nationwide and 39 states, including Washington D.C. Some of the counties include venture country, CA, Richmond County, VA, Santa Cruz County, CA, and St. Louis City (22nd circuit), MO. In all of these places, the correctional confinement rates have decreased with the help of the JDAT initiative.

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In light of new research pointing to the ineffectiveness and even danger of incarcerating juveniles, increasing numbers of state and local law enforcement offices are introducing new, community-based programs as alternatives to detention. The program is Multi-systemic Therapy, or MST. MST is a juvenile reform strategy that keeps youth with their families while engaging schools, friends and communities in the treatment process. MST offers substance abuse therapy for both youth and caretakers, marital therapy, financial management planning, educational support and a suite of other treatments to provide help in all aspects of a juvenile’s life. There are MST locations across the United States, including the Seneca Center in Oakland, CA, "EMBRACE" in Walnut Creek, CA, and the Evidence-Based Services in Bronx, NY. The wide range of locations with MST services allows for maximum juvenile and caretaker assistance. This service is particularly important because it serves as an alternative for incarceration and prepares youth for their future in a constructive way.

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For many years, there have been more common abuses and problems within the juvenile justice system than outside. Minors are often faced with punishment instead of rehabilitation, an outgrowth from political and cultural issues across the nation.

The American juvenile system is an incredibly tough system to be in, with racism and prejudice playing a large part. Males and BIPOC youths are sent to juvenile incarceration at a higher rate instead of seeking rehabilitation options. Violence based on race, religion, gang connections, and sexual or gender orientation is also common.

Instead of punishment, the juvenile system should focus on rehabilitation as it gives  a chance to learn about the person's debilitating problems and offers for one to learn how to change their behavior in order to not commit crime. Incarceration puts the offender in a confines of a cell in order for one to think about the crime they committed.

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https://docs.google.com/document/d/1C2sWUqNL536nU5tjulONn7RU49zIal1oFJ5b4i-QZz4/edit?usp=sharing

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The equal protection under the law amendment (14 Amendment)

A fair process during hearings amendment (Due Process, 5 Amendment)

These two rights relate to Juvenile Justice. These two ideas uphold the rights of youth under 18 which has to do with protecting their rights.

The equal protection under the law amendment took effect in 1868 and stated that no state can deny anyone equal protection of the laws. This means that all individuals will be treated equally by the law. The equal protection clause was used in Obergefell v. Hodges case. This civil rights case does not directly relate to juvenile justice, but it does guarantee that the fundamental right to marry is guaranteed to same-sex couples. Prior to this same-sex couples could not marry which meant, under the law, various demographics were treated differently. This amendment also established the representation of youth in courts. Under the amendment, youth can have equal representation as adults because they have to be treated equally under the law.

The fair process during hearings amendment, or due process amendment, states that felonies have to be tried only upon indictment by a grand jury and that a person cannot be deprived of their natural rights, life, liberty, and property, without due process of law. This amendment establishes juveniles' rights in court. It protects the juvenile from being tried as an adult and states that Juvinalles must be notified of charges be given in time for the juvenile to prepare a defense, required a hearing in which the juvenile could be represented by retained or appointed counsel, required observance of the rights of confrontation and cross-examination, and required that the juvenile be protected against self-incrimination. The supreme court case Roper v. Simmons in 2005 exemplifies how children are treated differently in court. Because of the differences between children and adults, Roper did not receive the death penalty because he could not be tried as an adult. This court case established that life without parole would be the harshest available penalty for a juvenile offender.

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Song-

Down Bad: Dreamville

Specific Quote:

“Board of Education vs. Brown

I was bored of education, left the town

Fuck a résumé and fuck a cap and gown

Fuck a background check, back 'round when I get the check”

Analysis: The is emphasizes the main reason that we see so many youths, especially youth of color, is because of how the education system is set up. These four powerful lines show how easily brown folks and other people of color are treated differently and negatively in the justice system. It also exemplifies how contemporary society funnels youth of color into the justice system and how they do not have equal rights.

Movie:

Pushout: Monique Morris (Criminalization of Black Girls In Schools)

This movie is about the school-to-prison pipeline and how Black girls are always criminalized in a place where they are supposed to be supported. The movie exemplifies the failure of the education system because so many youths are pushed into the justice system.

Poem From Youth Incarcerated: https://imprintnews.org/justice/juvenile-justice-2/youth-poetry-juvenile-justice-jumbled/31792  (Source)

This poem highlights the lifeline of a young person who experienced hardship growing up ultimately leading to their incarceration but continues to persevere.

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Life As a Teenager in Juvenile Detention

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Life As a Teenager in Juvenile Detention

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When Ari was 16-years old her life in high school was never easy. Depression and anger seemed to get her in trouble no matter how hard she tried to keep her head down and get on with her life. Ari describes how she wound up in juvenile detention after going to a high school football game to pick up her little brother.  Because she had already been expelled from her old high school and was enrolled in a neighboring school, her time at the football game caught the attention of school administrators who contacted security to escort her off the premises. When she said she was simply looking for her brother to take him home, she was arrested, handcuffed and hauled into juvie. Ari explains how the night went so wrong, and the issues that seem to haunt her as she tries to get through her teenage years.