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Paul Klee was a Swiss-German artist who created a wide range of different paintings and experimented with different styles. He is considered to be one of the most influential artists of the 20th century.

Download FREE teacher-made resources covering 'Paul Klee'

Who was Paul Klee?

Paul Klee was a Swiss-German artist who created a wide range of different paintings and experimented with different styles. Paul Klee is most known for his childlike but in-depth paintings that involve simple shapes and blocks of colour that captivate audiences, which makes him one of the most popular artists of the 20th century.

Paul Klee biography

Paul Klee was born in Switzerland on 18th December 1879. His father was a music teacher, and Klee followed in his footsteps by being a very talented violin player from a young age. Although he played in the Bern symphony orchestra, he was also passionate about drawing landscape pictures.

Klee's training to become a painter started in 1898 when he went to the Academy of Fine Arts in Munich, Germany. In 1901, Klee then went to Italy. He studied art by the great artists from years before. He realised he had a lot to learn about using colour and when he went home, he had some art lessons.

In 1905, Klee started trying out different techniques with art. He started drawing on blackened glass with a needle and scratching pictures on plates made from metal, but he still wanted to learn more about using colour in his work.

In 1912, Klee went to Paris and saw paintings created by other artists, such as Robert Delaunay, that made him want to try painting using bold colours. You can see this in his paintings, In the Quarry and Houses near the Gravel Pit.

In 1914, Klee had a turning point in his career and began to regain the confidence that he had lost when creating artwork. A trip to Tunisia in North Africa became the catalyst for this when his water-coloured paintings of the landscape reignited a passion for painting with colour.

With the war happening in 1916, Klee joined the German army and was tasked with painting camouflage on the sides of aeroplanes. He didn't have to fight on the front line during the war due to laws protecting artists from combat. He continued his artwork which people were buying, and he was also doing art exhibitions at this time.

During this time, a lot of his work was now in a style called cubism. This uses shapes to show all sides of an object. As well as using paint in his pictures, Klee used paper, chalk, pen and ink in which the colours were less bold. You can see this cubism style in his painting, Persian Nightingales.

Once the war had ended, Klee worked as an art dealer, before teaching at the Bauhaus art school in Germany. He taught stained glass and mural painting there, as well as lectures that explained how linear and geometric designs could create fantastic pieces of art.

In 1933, Klee painted nearly 500 pictures. He had started painting in a style called pointillism, which is thousands of tiny dots painted close together to make a whole picture. The painting below in this style ( Ad Parnassum) is considered to be his masterpiece.

Paul Klee died from a disease which caused him a lot of pain in the last few years of his life. He carried on painting until his death in Switzerland on 29th June 1940, aged 60.

Paul Klee facts:

1. During his life, it is said that he painted around 9,000 pieces of art, which is an incredible achievement!

2. Some of his later paintings resemble Picasso's art style of bold, simple strokes and intense colours.

3. Klee once said, 'colour is the place where our brain and the universe meet'.

4. His cubism artwork was inspired by the patterns seen in children's drawings.

5. As well as teaching at the Bauhaus art school in Germany, he also taught at the Düsseldorf Academy until 1933. He was forced to leave this job due to his religion when Adolf Hitler came into power, and so returned to Switzerland by the end of the year. He painted Struck from the List to represent his feelings at this time.

Resources to teach about Paul Klee

'Children also have artistic ability, and there is wisdom in there having it!' - Paul Klee

Here at Twinkl, we want to inspire the next generation of artists to foster a love of creativity. That's why our expert teachers have created resources to help teach children more about Paul Klee's life and artwork.

Here are some of our top-rated resources by educators like you:

Resources to teach about Paul Klee's art styles

Although Paul Klee's art style is too unique to classify, some of his art is associated with surrealism, expressionism, pointillism and cubism. You can teach children about some of these styles below:

Ready to download all of these fantastic teacher-made resources and help inspire your budding artists? Simply become a Twinklee by signing up for a Twinkl subscription, and have instant access to them all, plus thousands more art resources!

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Paul Klee - Biography, Facts, Artwork and Resources - Twinkl

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Find everything you need to know about Paul Klee in this Twinkl Teaching Wiki, including a biography, facts, artwork and resources.

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Who was Frida Kahlo? - Teaching Information and Resources

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Learn all about Pablo Picasso and his artwork and discover some fantastic resources by checking out this dedicated Teaching Wiki!