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Rate of reaction can be measured by recording the amount of product gained over a span of time

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Rate = product/ time

The amount of product will be gained from the experiment

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the amount of product produced over time or the concentration of reaction that is used over time

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Changing/maintaining the factors in the rate of reaction: temperature, concentration, etc

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By the manipulation of variables such as the concentration, temperature, and catalyst

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It can be measured from the change of concentration of reactant or product over time.

Using various tools such as a gas syringe and measuring how much the volume changed.

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temperature; as the temperature increases, the kinetic energy increases and it increases the chances of collisions between particles which increases the rate of reaction

concentration; as the concentration increases the chances of successfuk collisions also increases. But this would not increase as much as if the temperature is increased, as there isn’t any extra energy supplied.

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Controlling the variables that are related to the experiment (eg. temperature, concentration, catalyst)

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temperature: water bath, thermometer

concentration of reactants: maintain

pressure

catalyst: maintain concentration

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If the concentration and temperature is increased, the molecules will collide more, making the reaction faster.

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Temperature is directly proportional to the kinetic energy, thus increasing the movement of the molecules. This leads to more collisions between molecules

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when the rate of reaction is increased there is more collision between particles. when the factors are tested they will be able to affect the speed of the particles and the rate of collision.

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Lower bond breaking

Catalyst

Energy needed for bond forming

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By maintaining the variables constant through the means of fair experiments such as using a gas syringe, water bath, etc.

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bond enthalpy, energy required to break bond and form bond

activation energy

surface area, big = fast

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Different uses of catalysts, the bonds within the molecules

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The rate of reaction depends on how often the molecules collide with each other successfully.Factors such as; increase temperature, surface area, molecule size would also increase collision hence making the rate of reaction faster.

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There may be a stronger catalyst than the other reactions

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The use of different catalysts

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rate of reaction can be measured using product/time. Another way is to measure the reactant used up in a certain period of time.

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Increased temperature = increased kinetic energy = increased collisions

Increased concentration = increased particles = increased collisions

Increased pressure = increased collisions due to less space or more particles available

Decreased size of particle = increased surface area = more area of contact = increased collisions

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Change of concentration in the reactant or products over time

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There is a difference in reactivity of the reactant for example:

Potassium + water reacts more faster compared to lithium + water

also catalyst

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by keeping the variables controlled. Temperature can be kept constant through the use of water bath. Ensuring the same concentration of reactants and so forth