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These laws are examples of how their has been a common structure of discrimination against people of color with no other reason besides their skin color.

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racism perpetrated by social and political institutions, such as schools, courts, or the military

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This is different because this scenario is not just about these two individual cops. This scenario happens frequently, which makes it institutionalized racism, rather than individual racism.

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Examples of white privilege?
-not seen as dangerous because of their skin color
-don't have to worry about scaring other people because of racial stereotypes
-availability to products that match their skin color in stores
-not marginalized by the police because of their skin color
-aren't assumed to be linked to gangs or violence

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Definition: brief and commonplace daily verbal, behavioral, or environmental indignities, whether intentional or unintentional, that communicate hostile, derogatory, or negative racial slights and insults toward people of color

Examples:

"Where are you really from?"

"What are you?"

"You don't act like a normal black person"

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1. There is still racial discrimination in fcps, in both the job hiring process and student discipline. What stands out to me about this is that as someone who is not a person of color, I was not aware of this at all, which is scary to think about. This is implicit racism because fcps was not intentionally discriminating against people of color, but they were doing it without realizing.

2. There is racial bias in crime coverage on the news. What stood out to me is that "Mugshots were used in coverage of 45% of cases involving Black people accused of crimes compared to only 8% of cases involving white defendants", which I never even thought about. This is implicit bias because news stations do not intend to portray this racism, but they still do.

3. A study found that there is racial bias in calling of fouls in the NBA. What stood out to me about this is that even though a large number of players in the NBA are people of color, there is still discrimination. This is implicit racism because the referees in the NBA don't realize that they are being racist, but they still are exhibiting racist discrimination.

4. People of color who make their name more "white sounding" get hired for jobs more frequently. What stood out to me is that racial job discrimination is still very real even though it is illegal. This is implicit racism because the law prohibits racial job discrimination, but employers still do it unconsciously.

5. Refugees from central America and Mexico are treated differently at the border than Ukrainian refugees. What stood out to me is that even though they are all refugees, skin color has greatly dictated how the refugees are being treated. This is implicit racism because border patrol is not explicitly being racist against refugees that are people of color, but they still have unconscious bias.

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Implicit Bias - bias that we unintentionally have

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Which of the terms above do you think this is an example of? Explain...
I think this video is an example of racism and discrimination because the person on the other side of the phone determined if someone could rent the apartment or not based on what she assumed their race was and so she used her racism as a way to discriminate against fair housing for people of all races.

Do you believe you have ever stereotyped someone (or treated them differently) by his or her accent or speech pattern? If so, how?
I think I have unintentionally assumed someone's place of origin based on their accent when I shouldn't have.

Is judging someone based on his or her accent or speech pattern different from judging that person based on his or her appearance?
I think it is different, but it still is a form of racism, just portrayed in a different way.

Can you think of examples of this that you have seen or experienced?
I've seen a lot of racism online towards people with an accent other than American.

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Prejudice: refers to the beliefs, thoughts, feelings, and attitudes someone holds about a group; biased THOUGHTS about a group of people

Racism: a stronger type of prejudice used to justify the belief that one racial category is somehow superior or inferior to others; it is also a set of practices used by a racial majority to disadvantage a racial minority
Discrimination: prejudiced/biased ACTIONS against a group of people
Stereotypes: oversimplified generalizations about groups of people
Colorism: another kind of prejudice, in which someone believes one type of skin tone is superior or inferior to another within a racial group

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Race is defined by physical characteristics and ethnicity is based on culture

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shared culture

-language
-religion
-tradition

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Race is based on a lot more than just one's ethnicity and its definition can vary depending on location. Race can be based on many different factors such as physical characteristics, skin color, geographical region, ethnicity, and even socioeconomic standing.

Race is not biological, it is created by society.

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Woodson: physically disabled students, mentally disabled students, students that are a person of color, students who are lgbtq+, sometimes gender
Fairfax County: people of color, members of the lgbtq+ community, women, those living in poverty
Virginia: poc, religious groups besides christian, mentally or physically impaired, lgbtq+ community, women
US: all that are mentioned above

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Someone's race, culture, physical well being, mental well being, and many other characteristics can make them a minority. A minority group can even have more members than the majority group.

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groups that lack power or are marginalized in society

“any group of people who, because of their physical or cultural characteristics, are singled out from the others in the society in which they live for differential and unequal treatment, and who therefore regard themselves as objects of collective discrimination.”