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Biodiversity describes the richness and variety of life on earth. It is the most complex and important feature of our planet. Without biodiversity, life would not sustain.

The term biodiversity was coined in 1985. It is important in natural as well as artificial ecosystems. It deals with nature’s variety, the biosphere. It refers to variabilities among plants, animals and microorganism species.

Biodiversity includes the number of different organisms and their relative frequencies in an ecosystem. It also reflects the organization of organisms at different levels.

Biodiversity holds ecological and economic significance. It provides us with nourishment, housing, fuel, clothing and several other resources. It also extracts monetary benefits through tourism. Therefore, it is very important to have a good knowledge of biodiversity for a sustainable livelihood.

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The biosphere provides important resources. Many people rely on the biosphere for basic necessities including food, medicine, construction materials, and fuel. Indigenous peoples, in particular. Except for salt, all food comes from the biosphere, but established societies prefer to farm rather than forage.

The biosphere is a relatively thin layer of the Earth’s surface that supports life, reaching from a few kilometers into the atmosphere to deep-sea vents. The biosphere is a global ecosystem made up of living organisms (biota) and the nonliving (abiotic) factors that provide them with energy and nutrients.

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The biosphere is defined as the region on, above, and below the Earth's surface where life exists. The biosphere is a narrow zone on the surface of the earth where soil, water, and air combine to sustain life.
Life can only occur in this zone. From fungi and bacteria to large animals, there are several different types of life.

The biosphere is characterized as an area that contains all living organisms and the products of their activities. As a result, it plays a critical role in the maintenance of ecosystems, i.e., the existence of species and their reciprocal interactions. And the biosphere is critical for climate regulation.