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At one time the US had two presidents. One for the Union, and one for the Confederacy during the Civil War. For the Confederacy, their president was Jefferson Finis Davis. Then for the Union, their president who was also technically the POTUS, was Abraham Lincoln. The election of 1860 was very important, as it was basically blamed as the breaking point for war, Lincoln had won the popular vote, and the election against Stephen Douglas, John Breckinridge, and John Bell.  In the election of 1864, Lincoln was reelected, on Election Day he soared and won 212 of 233 electoral votes. Lincoln winning the election would unfortunately be a cause of his assassination.

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Wartime Government is just the government in a time period of a war. It does not entirely run differently, but there are some exceptions to the constitution and the rights it can protect. During wartime, with viable evidence and perfect, moral, reasoning, the government can censor people especially if it seems their beliefs are treasonous.

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Transportation/Technology used in the Civil War

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Transportation/Technology used in the Civil War

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Steamboats were used as a cheaper way to transport troops and resources across rivers and canals. Railroads were also used more commonly as more were built. Many types of guns were used in the civil war, and bayonets as well. Because of how Industrialized the North was, they would actually make guns for the South. Although an unorthodox strategy, it was deemed very helpful for the North, as the South would have to buy guns from the North, giving the North a big income of money.

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Women and African American roles during the civil war

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Women and African American roles during the civil war

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Women roles:
Many women changed from their stereotypical lifestyles. Instead of taking care of their homes with children, some women went and volunteered to be nurses. These volunteers played a huge part in the war efforts. Some women also worked as laundresses, cooks, and matrons. Some famous women from the time were Clara Barton (nurse), Harriet Tubman (Nurse, cook, and spy), and Belle Boyd (spy).
African American roles:
Similar to women, African Americans had many roles in the Civil War. Around 179,000 African American men served as soldiers, and around 19,000 served in the navy Many African American people went into service as cooks, guards, scouts, nurses, and spies. These African American efforts greatly boosted the power of the military with many roles being fulfilled. Frederic Douglass was the son of a slave and a white man, but became the most important African American in the Civil War because he led the abolitionist movement.

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Also known as peace democrats, were citizens in the north who opposed the war. Scholars are currently unsure whether they posed a threat to the union during the war or were loyal while being on a different side.

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The 13th amendment states that slavery will not exist anywhere on country grounds unless it is the punishment for a crime.
The 14th amendment states that no state is permitted to create or enforce any lay that contradicts the giving rights of US citizens.
The 15th amendment gives every African American the right to vote.

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Political Cartoon of the Election of 1860

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Political Cartoon of the Election of 1860

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In the Election of 1860, the four candidates of Abe Lincoln, Stephen Douglas, John Breckinridge, and John Bell, are depicted as physically tearing up a map of the, at the time, current United States. John Bell is off to the right, where it is deemed he is actually trying to repair the North, while the other three barbarically fight for the west and some of the South. This could be inferred as a part of Bell's campaign for the election, as it is in favor of him.

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Lead his army to victory in the Wilderness Campaign. He also served as president from 1869-1877. He was a civil rights executive, and signed a bill that created the Justice department.

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Robert E. Lee was a confederate general. He refused to lead an army against the rebellion in Virginia, and stated that he will not draw his sword to save in the defense of his native state.

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Thomas Stonewall Jackson was one of the most successful generals in the Civil War. He was sent to fight in Mexico and was quickly noticed for his bravery. At the end of his service he held the rank of brevet major.

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George Meade was a US army officer who defeated Robert E. Lee in the Battle of Gettysburg, and was chosen to command the Army of the Potomac 3 days before the Battle of Gettysburg.

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A Union General who would be seen highly by Lincoln who would promote him up the ranks. Was seen as the second best general for the Union next to Ulysses S. Grant.

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Assassinated Abraham Lincoln. Was a very fan of the confederacy and was super bothered by the abolition of slavery. So bothered, that he shot Lincoln at Fords Theatre on April 15th, 1865. John was actually not alone in this decision, as he was part of a small conspiracy that had believed, even after the Appomattox Surrendering, that the Confederacy could be restored by killing Abraham Lincoln, but then also Andrew Johnson, and the Secretary of State, William H. Seward. Abraham was the only one who was successfully murdered, which was a causation of John Booth's conspiracy to be sentenced to death.

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South Carolina succeeded from the Union, troops stayed there and were told not to evacuate. The Confederacy fired shots onto the fort, and two days later, the Union surrendered the fort, officially starting the Civil War.

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Battle of Bull Run(Manasssas) and Battle of Second Bull Run

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Battle of Bull Run(Manasssas) and Battle of Second Bull Run

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The battle occurred on July 21, 1861 in Prince William county, Virginia. The confederates were successful in defeating the union and gained a heaping amount of confidence after winning. The second battle occurred August 28th - August 30th in the same place. The confederate side was again victorious.

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A naval engagement that occurred March 9, 1862, and was fought at the Hampton Roads in Virginia. This is the first battle between ironclad warships and paved the way for a new generation of naval warfare.

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The battle of Shiloh occurred on April 6th-April 7th 1862. It was fought between the church of Shiloh and Pittsburgh Landing. Union troops successfully squandered the confederate internal shield. At the time it occurred the two-day lasting battle was the bloodiest America had ever fought with more than 23,000 dead and wounded. It was eye-opening for both the Union and confederacy as to how violent the war would get.

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The battle occurred September 17, 1862. The unions gained a victory preventing a confederate invasion. The battle took place in Washington Country, Maryland.

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The battle of Fredericksburg took place between December 11th 1862 through December 15th. It occurred near Fredericksburg Virginia and was an early battle of the Civil war with an important confederate victory.

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The 54th Massachusetts 54th Volunteer Infantry Regiment was the best known regiment for its failed union assault on a Confederate fortification on Morris Island (Battery Wagner). This assault was one of the first and most well known assaults that included African American soldiers. This convinced Army recruiters that African Americans could be good soldiers.

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The battle was fought between July 1st and 3rd of 1863 in Adams County Pennsylvania. Most consider this battle the turning point of the civil war and it was the bloodiest. After some success in the war General Lee was hoping to bring the war to an end but his mindset would change after loss. Abrahm Lincoln delivered the Gettysburg address on November 9th, the same year.

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A Union offensive toward the Confederate capital of Richmond led by Ulysses Grant in spring of 1864. The battle was fought in the Virginia woods, which made it difficult for the Union to use its advantage in numbers. Both sides suffered massive casualties, yet Ulysses Grant ordered his troops to advance forward, despite them being battered. This advance led in the Union victory.

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A military campaign through Georgia and conducted by William Tecumseh Sherman. This campaign went from the city of Atlanta to the capture of the port of Savannah. Throughout this march the troops followed the scorched earth policy, and destroyed military targets, houses, and industrial buildings. This destruction greatly hurt the confederate economy and was a factor in their surrender.

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Confederate general Robert E. Lee’s North Virginia army was forced to surrender to Union general Ulysses S. Grant. It was a very short battle lasting only a few hours.Also known as peace democrats, were citizens in the north who opposed the war. Scholars are currently unsure whether they posed a threat to the union during the war or were loyal while being on a different side.

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What was the ending of the Civil War? Did it really end conflict in America?
The ending of the civil war would technically be the surrendering of the Confederacy in the Appomattox Courthouse, which would deem the end of the Confederacy, and victory for the Union. Obviously, the surrendering of the Confederacy would not be the end to most violence in America. In fact, it had made things a little worse with the civilians of the Confederacy being a little butt-hurt, and also Mr. Booth assassinating our president.

What is the legacy of the Civil War? Significance?
The Civil War has a weirder place in American history, because it was caused by division, but is also like an example of how not to handle things. It really was this huge division and big stressful unrest that showed 1. the consequences of lots of actions and decisions, and even 2. the impact in knowing that our government should not have to please everyone for all of their benefits, that's why we have multiple parties that run our country a little differently.

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1.https://www.britannica.com/event/Battle-of-the-Monitor-and-Merrimack

2.https://www.nps.gov/apco/the-surrender.htm

3.https://www.google.com/search?q=battle+of+shiloh-&rlz=1CAEOEW_enUS967US967&oq=Battle+of+shiloh-&aqs=chrome.0.0i512j0i22i30l9.1267j0j9&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8&safe=active&ssui=on

4.https://www.battlefields.org/learn/civil-war/battles/shiloh

5.https://www.essentialcivilwarcurriculum.com/copperheads.html
https://ualrexhibits.org/historyalive/exercise/civil-war-and-transportation/#:~:text=Steamboats%2C%20which%20moved%20across%20rivers,and%20the%20Confederacy%20military%20forces.
https://www.nps.gov/articles/54th-massachusetts-regiment.htm
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sherman%27s_March_to_the_Sea
https://www.history.com/topics/american-civil-war/stonewall-jackson