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WHO and UNICEF (2018) recommend the initiation of breastfeeding with 1 hour of birth.

Babies should have 8-12 feeds in 24 hours to thrive and be woken if they show no feeding cues within 3 hours. When offered the breast they should be interested, alert, attached well and sustain feeding.

Your midwife will complete feeding assessments during your postnatal visits to ensure baby is gaining weight, passing urine and having bowel movements including what colour. Babies can have a normal weight loss of up to 10% in the first few days after birth and this is usually regained by day 14.

If required to help achieve weight gain your midwife may implement a feeding plan, visit more often and might suggest top-up feeds once baby has finished on the breast. This can be expressed breast milk or formula - preference is yours and they will advise you how much to offer.

A good feed ensures baby has had both foremilk and hindmilk and been offered both breasts. If baby fails to gain weight they will be admitted for further investigation by a Paediatrician.

A good indication baby is feeding well is their dirty nappies. By day 6 you would expect 6 wet nappies and and by day 14 a minimum of two bowel movements in 24 hours.

Remember if there is a delay or pause in breastfeeding and you wish to continue please express both day and night.

Guidance on feeding cues.

NHS Tayside (scot.nhs.uk)

Guidance on how to prepare a formula feed.

https://youtu.be/7l9a5a2IY8Y - How do I prepare a bottle of formula milk for my baby? NCT

safe-prep-cup-feeding-leaflet.pdf (ennonline.net)

How to make up baby formula - NHS (www.nhs.uk)

(Local NHS Trust, 2021) (NICE, 2023) (UNICEF & WHO, 2018)

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An occasional drink is unlikely to harm your baby especially if you wait at least 2 hours after having a drink before feeding.

To keep health risks from alcohol to a low level, it's safest not to drink more than 14 units a week on a regular basis.

Fourteen units is equivalent to 6 pints of average-strength beer.

(NHS England, 2023).

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If you and/or your baby are experiencing feeding difficulties, an assessment of your baby’s tongue function and a feeding assessment by a specially trained professional will determine whether a tongue tie is present and if a division of the membrane could help (UNICEF, 2023).

It is suggested 1 in 10 babies may be born with a tongue tie (Association of tongue tie practitioners, 2023). Nearly all babies have a piece of this skin under their tongue which does not usually cause any problems. However, tongue tie is when this piece of skin is abnormally short which can then cause problems with feeding due to the inability to move the tongue normally and therefore stop their ability to latch and suck effectively (UNICEF, 2023).

Sometimes babies who have a tongue tie have no problems at all with feeding. However, if the tongue tie is causing problems, it can be treated with tongue tie division, which involves cutting the short, tight piece of skin causing the tongue tie.

This must be done by a trained healthcare professional. However, not every case of tongue tie needs treatment and assessment by a trained health professional and someone trained in infant feeding is vital. (Breastfeeding Network, 2023).

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Responsive breastfeeding and feeding cues

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Responsive breastfeeding and feeding cues

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UNICEF (2016) recommends responsive feeding. This includes looking for signs or cues that your baby is hungry and responding to their needs at that time rather than timing feeding.

Responsive feeding provides satisfaction for your baby and for you. It provides your baby not only with nutrition but gives comfort and reassurance.

Your baby cannot overfeed when breastfeeding and at times your baby may only latch for comfort.

Recognising feeding cues can become easier as time goes on, these cues include:

-Stirring and wriggling

-Rooting or turning their head to the side

-Baby's hand in their mouth

-Crying

-Agitation

The following link provides additional information on feeding your baby. It also has an image indicating visual feeding cues: https://www.nct.org.uk/baby-toddler/feeding/early-days/reality-feeding-10-things-you-need-know

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Breastfeeding works best when you feed your baby responsively. There are no limits to how often you can offer your baby your breast. In the early weeks especially, you can breastfeed your baby every time he or she wants it. A new baby is not used to feelings of hunger and will feel upset and alone if their needs are not met. They have a small tummy and can digest breastmilk quickly, so they need to feed frequently. You can breastfeed your baby to comfort them as well or help them drop off to sleep.

You can also feed your baby whenever you feel you want to, for example if you feel your breasts are becoming over full, or if you are about to do something like attend an appointment, eat a meal or have a bath and want to be sure they won't be hungry whilst you are occupied.

Responsive breastfeeding is the best way to ensure you establish and maintain a good milk supply and will also help your breasts feel comfortable and avoid engorgement. Trying to feed to a schedule or space feeds out could result in your milk supply dropping.

Early signs of hunger include:

rooting

moving their eyes or head from side to side

wriggling

waving or sucking fists

making murmuring noises

Crying and distress are late signs of hunger, and it is harder to breastfeed a distressed baby, so responding to early cues will help make breastfeeding easier and calmer.

As a guide, you should expect to feed your baby at least 8 times every 24 hours, including during the night, but the pattern may be very variable, and it is common to feed more frequently.

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Responsive breastfeeding - The Breastfeeding Network

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Breastfeeding works best when you feed your baby responsively. There are no limits to how often you can offer your baby your breast. In the early weeks especially, you can breastfeed your baby every time he or she wants it. A new baby is not used to feelings of hunger and will feel upset and [...]

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Eating and drinking whilst breastfeeding

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Eating and drinking whilst breastfeeding

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NHS England (2023) state that you do not need to follow a special diet whilst breastfeeding. It is good to eat a healthy, balanced diet with a variety of foods every day. Drinking plenty of fluids is advised, ensuring there is a drink within easy reach when settling down to breastfeed (NHS England, 2023).

When breastfeeding, it is recommended that you have no more than 200mg of caffeine a day as too much may cause your baby to be restless and keep them awake (NHS England, 2023).

This may be 1 mug, can or bar of – instant coffee, filter coffee, tea, coca cola, energy drink, plain dark or milk chocolate (NHS England, 2023).

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Latching on is the term used when a baby has attached themself onto the breast and can suckle effectively leading to the beginning of feeding.

This is a natural process, however when baby latches on incorrectly this can lead to ineffective feeding which could cause weight loss in baby and is painful for mum causing sore and cracked nipples.

Whilst feeding baby effectively, mum should make themselves comfortable with snacks, drinks and any other useful items within reach - as you could possibly be there for a short while.

For successful attachment baby's head, neck and body should be lined up and baby needs to be able to flex their head. Then nose to nipple and as the baby opens their mouth their lip will brush the nipples encouraging baby to accept the nipple and start feeding.

During effective feeding the nipple should be towards the soft pallet with most of the areola inside the mouth . As baby starts suckling this stimulates the release of milk.

(Abbett, 2020)

See please the links below for different positions.

Breastfeeding positions: which are best for you? | Baby & toddler, Feeding articles & support | NCT

Breastfeeding positions - Start for Life - NHS (www.nhs.uk)

Positioning & Attachment - La Leche League GB

Guide & Tips on Breastfeeding Positions | Tommee Tippee UK

Best Breastfeeding Positions - Photo & Video Guide I Emma's Diary (emmasdiary.co.uk)

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Unicef UK Baby Friendly Initiative | Poor attachment

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What is a contraindication?

A contraindication in breastfeeding is where a health condition will compromise the health of a newborn via breastmilk. If you are unable to breastfeed your baby with your own supply, you could consider donor milk.

Contraindications include:

Maternal Illness - Cancer, chemotherapy, radiation.

Maternal Drug Consumption

Congenital Abnormalities - Cleft palate,

TB Infection

(Dunstall, et al., 2020)

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The NHS (2023) recommends all equipment that is used to collect, make, store or feed is sterilised before use with babies under 12 months old.

This is because their immune system is undeveloped and could lead to illnesses like vomiting and diarrhoea caused from bacteria if the equipment is not clean.

For guidance on what method and how to ensure your equipment is clean, please follow the NCT link.

Here is the NHS Guidance - Sterilising baby bottles - NHS (www.nhs.uk)

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Why do I need to sterilise my baby's feeding equipment?

A baby's immune system is not as well developed as an adult's. So they could become very ill if they drank milk that was contaminated with bacteria.

Milk provides an ideal breeding ground for bacteria that could cause food poisoning, but sterilising kills the majority of these bacteria. Sterilising all your baby's feeding equipment helps to protect your baby against these illnesses, in particular diarrhoea and vomiting (First Steps Nutrition Trust, 2021).

That's why, in the UK, the NHS recommends that all equipment used for collecting, storing or feeding expressed breastmilk or formula milk for babies under 12 months is sterilised before use (NHS, 2019a).

How long do I need to sterilise bottles and other feeding equipment for?

The NHS recommends sterilising all feeding equipment each time you use it for at least the first 12 months of your baby's life (NHS, 2019a). Washing items in a dishwasher doesn't have the same effect of killing the bacteria (NHS, 2019a; 2021).

Do I still need to wash feeding equipment before sterilising it?

Yes, it's still important to wash your baby's feeding equipment thoroughly to remove any dried-on milk, because bacteria can grow on any remaining milk. As soon as possible after you've used bottles, teats, breast pumps and any other milk collection, storage or feeding equipment, thoroughly wash them in warm, soapy water. Check they are not damaged, too (NHS, 2021).

If you're using a dishwasher, make sure you place bottles and teats face down, so they don't fill with dirty water. If you're washing by hand, using clean bottle and teat brushes will help you reach every part of the bottle, teat or breast pump. Only use these brushes for cleaning your baby's bottles and teats (NHS, 2019a).

After washing, rinse all equipment in clean, cold, running water before you sterilise it (NHS, 2021).

Which method of baby bottle sterilisation is best?

We can't say for sure which method of sterilisation is more effective than another. So you might want to consider what suits you best to help you decide which method to use.

Cold water sterilising

Cold water sterilisers use chemicals, which are mixed with cold water, to sterilise feeding equipment. They can be bought in tablet or concentrated liquid form, which you add to cold water. They are also available as a ready-to-use sterilising solution.

Items you're sterilising need to be submerged in the cold water solution for at least 30 minutes before you use them (NHS, 2019a; 2021). This method can be used to sterilise a large number of items, making them ready for use as soon as you need them.

How to cold water sterilise baby-feeding equipment

Use a clean, watertight container with a well-fitting lid.

Make up the sterilising solution in accordance with the manufacturer's guidelines.

Try to make sure all items remain fully submerged in the solution and that there are no air bubbles. Items might need to be held in place by a floating cover or plate.

Leave the items in the solution for at least the length of time specified by the manufacturer and follow the guidance on how often to change the solution.

Remove items from the solution immediately before use. Shake off any excess solution or rinse with cooled boiled water from the kettle (not the tap).

Make sure you have clean, dry hands before removing items from the solution.

(NHS, 2019a; 2021; Public Health Scotland, 2021)

Boiling

The majority of bacteria are killed at a temperature of 100°C (boiling point of water) for 10 minutes. You do not need any specialised equipment, so this method is particularly useful if you're only sterilising occasionally.

Boiling might be particularly useful in the very early days. For example, if you need to hand express some colostrum to feed to your baby using a small cup or teaspoon you've sterilised (see our article about expressing and storing your milk for more information).

If you do use this method on a regular basis, some items may be damaged by the heat so might need replacing more regularly (NHS, 2021).

How to sterilise baby-feeding equipment by boiling

Check that the item is safe to boil.

Bring a saucepan of water to the boil.

Submerge the items to be sterilised in the boiling water, making sure they are completely covered and continue to boil for at least 10 minutes. You could set a timer so you don't forget to turn the heat off.

Never leave hot pans and liquids unattended.

Keep the items covered and remove them just before use.

(NHS, 2019a; 2021)

Steam sterilising

This works on the same principle as boiling. Water is added to the sterilising unit and the water boils, creating steam that kills the bacteria.

Several different types of steam sterilisers are on the market. Some steam sterilisers are used in a microwave, while others are stand-alone units that plug into the mains. Some microwave steam sterilisers can also be used as cold-water sterilisers.

It is also possible to buy reusable steriliser bags for use in the microwave, or bottles that can be sterilised alone in the microwave. These might be a more convenient option when you're away from home but have access to a microwave, or if you don't think you'll need to sterilise equipment very often.

How to steam sterilise baby-feeding equipment

Follow the steam steriliser manufacturer's instructions, which normally involves adding a specific amount of water to the unit and running it for a specific period of time. The length of time can vary from one steam steriliser to another.

Ensure the openings of bottles and teats are facing downwards in the steriliser.

Again, check the manufacturer's guidelines for information about how long you can leave items in the steriliser before using them.

(NHS, 2019a; 2021)

UV sterilising

UV light kills the majority of bacteria and viruses (including coronavirus) by destroying their genetic material and cell structure (Reed, 2010; Raeiszadeh and Adeli, 2020). UV sterilising units have UV light bulbs and reflective inner surfaces so the light bounces around and kills any microorganisms it touches.

UV sterilising units can be used to sterilise any baby equipment except latex rubber teats. As with other sterilisers, all items must be washed thoroughly first because even very small particles left on surfaces can deflect UV rays. Some units have a drying cycle so items can be put in straight after washing.

The advantages of UV sterilisation are that bottles can be used straight out of the machine without rinsing or cooling. They are also safer for the user because they don't use hot water, steam or chemicals and they are effective against a wider range of micro-organisms. They're long lasting, too - bulbs can last for over 2000 hours.

On the other hand, UV light doesn't pass through objects so everything must be completely dis-assembled and not touching. This might make UV sterilisers unsuitable for some things, e.g. the narrow tubing of some breast pumps. Also, the sterilisation cycle can take longer with these sterilisers.

What to do after sterilising

You can leave sterilised items in the steriliser or pan until you need them but the majority of manufacturers advise using or re-sterilising after 24 hours. If you do take sterilised items out, you'll need to put the teats and lids on the bottles immediately.

Clean and disinfect the area that you'll be using to prepare the feed or assemble the pump, or use the upturned lid of the steriliser.

Wash and dry your hands before handling sterilised equipment. Better still, use some sterile tongs.

Expressed breastmilk

Breastmilk contains ingredients that limit the growth of unwanted bacteria, but you'll still need to store and handle it carefully to prevent unwanted bacteria contaminating the milk. See our articles Expressing milk using a breast pump and Expressed Milk: Your questions answered.

You'll need to thoroughly wash and sterilise the cup, bottle or spoon and the washable parts of the breast pump just before you use them again (NHS, 2019b).

Formula milk

Powdered infant milks are not sterile, so it's important that they're made up in line with the instructions on the packet (NHS, 2019c). This will get rid of most of the micro-organisms that may be present (First Steps Nutrition Trust, 2021). Ready-made liquid formula milk is sterile until it is opened, but all feeding equipment will still need to be sterilised (NHS, 2021). See our articles Step-by-step guide to preparing a formula feed and What if I need to formula feed my baby away from home?

Any formula milk that's left in the cup or bottle at the end of the feed should be thrown away (NHS, 2019c). And you'll need to thoroughly wash up and sterilise the cup, bottle or spoon just before you use them again (NHS, 2019a).

Sterilising when out and about

Going out for the day or going on holiday can make the practicalities of sterilising, storing expressed breastmilk, or making up formula more challenging. So if you'd like to talk through how to do this when away from home, you can speak to one of our Breastfeeding Counsellors by calling our Infant Feeding support Line (see below).

Sterilising and microplastics

It has been reported that heating plastics frequently to the high temperatures needed for sterilisation by boiling or steaming them, then shaking when making up formula, releases microplastics from the bottles. The effect of these microplastics on humans is currently unknown (Li, 2020).

UNICEF have recommended parents follow current NHS guidelines until further research investigates the effect of these microplastics (IHV, 2020). Some parents prefer to use glass bottles to avoid microplastic contamination.

Where can I go for support?

You can speak to one of our NCT Breastfeeding Counsellors about any aspect of feeding your baby by calling the NCT Infant Feeding Line on 0300 330 070. The lines are open from 8am to midnight every day.

You might also find it useful to talk things through with your midwife or health visitor (NICE, 2015).
This page was last reviewed in February 2022.
Further information

NCT supports all parents, however they feed their baby. If you have questions, concerns or need support, you can speak to a breastfeeding counsellor by calling our NCT Infant Feeding Line on 0300 330 0700. Breastfeeding counsellors have had extensive training, will listen without judging or criticising and will offer relevant information and suggestions. You can also find more useful articles here.

You might find attending one of our Early Days groups helpful as they give you the opportunity to explore different approaches to important parenting issues with a qualified group leader and other new parents in your area.

Make friends with other parents-to-be and new parents in your local area for support and friendship by seeing what NCT activities are happening nearby.

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How to sterilise baby bottles, breast pumps and other feeding equipment | Baby & toddler, Feeding articles & support | NCT

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A baby's immune system is not as well developed as an adult's. So they could become very ill if they drank milk that was contaminated with bacteria. Milk provides an ideal breeding ground for bacteria that could cause food poisoning, but sterilising kills the majority of these bacteria.

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This link provides information on expressing breastmilk and storage from The Breastfeeding network and includes guidance on expressing colostrum prior to baby's birth to storing and defrosting milk after baby is born.

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Expressing and storing breastmilk - The Breastfeeding Network

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This page gives you some tips on how to hand express and store your breastmilk. It also answers some frequently asked questions on this topic. You might be thinking of returning to work, or study, or planning a night out. It can also help relieve pressure from a blocked duct or mastitis. Expressing small amounts […]

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Follow this link and enter your postcode to find breastfeeding support that is local to where you are.

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Find breastfeeding support services near you on the NHS website.

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This picture is a labelled diagram of the breast and will help you to visualize the different aspects when your midwife or educator is discussing lactating and feeding.

During the beginning of pregnancy you may notice slight changes in your breasts such as tenderness and darkening to your nipples and areola, these changes support milk making.

Your milk is made and stored in the alveoli which are contained in lobules, during feeding milk is released and passed through the milk ducts to baby.

For a more in-depth and detailed understanding.

https://youtu.be/bYBil33k27I?si=xz0jUKB8a_SIsDKv

(Dunstall, et al., 2020), (Johnson & Taylor, 2023)

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Milk donation can help save the lives of babies who were born premature, sick infants or babies who cannot be breastfed from their mothers milk due to health conditions or contraindications. UKAMB is a charity that was set up in 1997 and their motto is 'Every Drop Counts'. Their goal is to make safe and screen donor breastmilk available for those children who will benefit (UKAMB, 2024) .

For more information please see the link above.

Milk banks in the UK.

Find A Milk Bank - Milk Bank Near You, Nationwide Breast Milk (ukamb.org)

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So you're thinking of becoming a milk donor? Thank you for offering this precious gift to other babies.

Donating your breastmilk is one of the most precious gifts that you can offer. Donated breastmilk helps to save the lives of premature and sick babies whose mothers are unable, for many reasons, to provide them with sufficient breastmilk of their own. For some mothers, donor breast milk can act as "a bridge to breastfeeding" during early challenges and support them and their baby while establishing their supply. Where it's not safe or possible to breastfeed, donated breast milk can also be offered by some milk banks as an alternative to infant formula.

Milk banks in the UK strive to look after donors and make the process of donating milk as simple as possible.

Just follow the step-by-step guide below, and thank you.

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Donate Breast Milk - Donate Breast Milk Locally, Be a Milk Donor

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Donate breast milk and save the lives of premature and sick babies whose mothers are unable to provide them with sufficient breastmilk.

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Is it safe to take medication whilst breastfeeding?

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Is it safe to take medication whilst breastfeeding?

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Many women stop taking medication or worry that their medication could cause harm to their baby whilst breastfeeding.

Most medications are safe to take whilst breastfeeding but it is important to speak with your midwife or GP about your prescribed medication and notify them that you plan to breastfeed so that your medication can be reviewed.

Medications to avoid include:

-Codeine phosphate

-Decongestant medications including nasal sprays

-Aspirin

-Herbal remedies

NHS (2022) also recommends speaking to your GP if you are taking antihistamines for allergies.

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Drugs in Breastmilk factsheets - The Breastfeeding Network

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These factsheets have been compiled by our Drugs in Breastmilk information service team of pharmacists. If you are unable to find the information you are looking for below, or you still have questions, you can contact the team by sending a private message via our Facebook page or via email. Please provide as much information as possible (age […]

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Breastfeeding your baby in public is legal and establishments that provide services to the public cannot stop people from breastfeeding their baby.

Breastfeeding in public may be a natural worry for many people as they may not know that legally, they can do this or they may feel uncomfortable doing so.

Laws and acts are in place to protect you from discrimination and unfair treatment when breastfeeding.

Nursing covers can be a great item that provides comfort and coverage whilst breastfeeding in public.

(The breastfeeding network, 2024).

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Am I allowed to breastfeed in public?

Yes, the law protects breastfeeding mums. You are legally allowed to breastfeed your baby in public.

That might be a café, shop, library or on public transport (basically any business that provides a service to the public).

The Equality Act states that it is sex discrimination to treat a woman unfavourably if she is breastfeeding.

If you feel self-conscious, try to remind yourself that you're doing the most natural thing for your baby. The more it's done, the more normal it will become.

In a Start for Life survey, 72% of people said they supported women breastfeeding in public.

Know your rights

If you are asked to leave somewhere because you are breastfeeding, you are within your rights to challenge that request. Contact the Equality Advisory and Support Service for advice.

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Breastfeeding in public - Start for Life

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You are legally allowed to breastfeed in public. It may take a while to feel confident, but the more you do it the more normal it will become.

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You may wonder how your breast milk is made and replenished. Here is a simple breakdown of milk production, replenishment and the hormones involved.

During pregnancy, the hormones estrogen and progesterone are increased and they prevent the body producing breastmilk. Once baby is born and placenta is expelled these hormones start to decline and milk production commences.

Once your nipples and areola are stimulated by the suckling of baby this sends messages to your hypothalamus, which in return releases the hormones prolactin from the anterior pituitary gland and oxytocin from the posterior pituitary gland, working together in the production of milk and ejection milk from the breast.

Prolactin - Initiates and sustains lactation.

Oxytocin - Milk ejection where milk is pushed from the alveoli to the nipple by the myoepithelial cell contracting. Often referred to as the 'Love Hormone' which is important during labour and bonding.

Effective removal of milk decreases the feedback inhibitor of lactation (FIL) and decreases milk production. FIL is a protein which recognises the supply and demand of milk.

(Dunstall, et al., 2020), (Johnson & Taylor, 2023)

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A simple to follow video that explains how lactation works from milk ejection in late pregnancy to feeding baby. Explains how milk changes during this time, the hormones involved and bonding with baby.

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Expecting a baby? - Find out how your milk making Superpower works! Check out our fab new video explaining all about how lactation works.

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Your first milk is called colostrum, also known as liquid gold due to its golden colour and contents that are rich in vitamins and antibodies. As it is very concentrated and a babies stomach is small they only need small frequent amounts in the first couple of days. It is high in protein, low in fat and sugar and easy to digest.

Between day 3-5 your milk will change from colostrum to mature milk and your breasts will feel fuller and warmer, this is known as your milk coming in.

Mature milk is greater in volume and in liquid and changes during the feed to satisfy both hunger and thirst. The initial milk is known as foremilk which is watery and less in fat content. This gradually increases as the feed continues and the milk produced is now known as hindmilk containing two to three times more milk fat concentrate.

Prior to birth, around 36 weeks, you can start harvesting colostrum and storing in it the freezer for when baby arrives. Please ask your midwife for details and syringes at your antenatal appointments.

Breastmilk is used to treat a range of conditions like skin,

eye and nipple problems. Due to its natural antibodies and antibacterial properties it can have a therapeutic effect. Blocked eye ducts are common after birth and evidence has shown a couple of drops of human breast milk into each eye is effective (Witkowska-Zimny, et al., 2019).

Colostrum harvesting before birth.

Colostrum harvesting - Kingston Hospital

(Dunstall, et al., 2020), (Johnson & Taylor, 2023)

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Breastmilk is the ideal food for infants. It contains antibodies which help protect against many childhood illnesses.

Breastmilk provides all of the energy and nutrients that an infant needs for the first months of life and continues to provide up to half or more of a child’s nutritional needs during the second half of the year and up to a third during the second year of life.

It has been shown that breastfed children perform better on intelligence tests, are less likely to become overweight or obese and are less prone to developing diabetes later on in life. It also has health benefits for the woman, such as a reduced risk of breast and ovarian cancers.

(World Health Organization, 2019)

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Vitamin D levels are at risk of being low in the UK population especially in the winter months as the sunlight is not strong enough to make vitamin D.

NICE guidance (2017) recommends the supplement of vitamin D for infants and children under 4, pregnant and breastfeeding women, especially teenagers and young women.

Vitamin D during pregnancy corrects any deficiency and increases baby stores and during breastfeeding maintains and replenishes stores. Breastmilk is not lacking in comparison to formula, but is dependent on mothers levels of vitamin D and of that, that passes to baby.

Vitamin D is available from sunlight, food sources and supplements. Food sources include oily fish (salmon, tuna, mackerel), egg yolk, margarine, mushrooms and fortified breakfast cereals. Midwives if eligible can provide healthy start vitamins during antenatal appointments and health visitors can provide healthy start vitamin drops for newborns which include vitamin D.

(Abbett, 2020) (NICE, 2017)

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Local Support Groups in the West Midlands

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Local Support Groups in the West Midlands

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Links to local support groups in the West Midlands.

About Us – New Baby Network

Sutton Coldfield | Local activities & meet-ups | NCT

Solihull and South Birmingham | Local activities & meet-ups | NCT

Lichfield and Tamworth | Local activities & meet-ups | NCT

Virtual Breastfeeding Lounge – Birmingham Forward Steps (bhamforwardsteps.co.uk) - Virtual and available in other Languages on Fridays.

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 Barriers to breastfeeding and overcoming these barriers. 

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 Barriers to breastfeeding and overcoming these barriers. 

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-Confidence and self believed ability to breastfeed: studies show that many women lack confidence and belief in themselves to be able to breastfeed effectively. Breastfeeding is often described as a learnt skill, so getting your baby to latch and feed effectively can take women time and support, these components combined can aid your ability to feed your baby effectively and confidently.

-"How do I know if my baby is full?": UNICEF recommends women to provide responsive breastfeeding, this involves identifying cues that your baby shows you to know when they are hungry. Ways to check that your baby is feeding well is to monitor how alert they are, they may be more sleepy after a feed as they are full and satisfied. Keep an eye on your baby's nappies, for the first 2 days your baby may only have 2 or 3 wet nappies, this should increase to around 5 to 6 wet nappies by day 5. Your midwife and health visitor will monitor your baby's weight and this can indicate how well they are feeding. If you have any concerns with your baby and breastfeeding, contact your midwife for further support.

The following link provides a checklist that you can follow to monitor your breastfeeding and provide reassurance: https://www.unicef.org.uk/babyfriendly/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/mothers_breastfeeding_checklist.pdf

-Painful breasts and nipples: this can occur due to incorrect attachment, ensuring your baby has latched onto your breast rather than just your nipple can ease these discomforts, nipple balms and alternating breasts at each feed can help with this.

-"Only I can feed my baby": breastfeeding means that as a mother, you are the provider of your baby's nutrition and women sometimes wish that they could have support with this. Your partner, family or friends may not be able to feed your baby but they can be encouraged to help out in other ways: providing practical care to the baby outside of feeding (changing nappies, dressing baby and comforting the baby), keeping you fed and hydrated during breastfeeding, providing support through talking and listening and by providing help with your comfort so that you can learn new things together.

Further support from dads and partners can be found under the 'wellbeing' tab.

-Breastfeeding barriers and its toll on mental health: women may feel frustrated, lack confidence or feel that they cannot breastfeed their baby which increases their stress and may impact their mental health negatively. It is important to know that it is normal to seek breastfeeding support and that this can benefit both you and your baby. Effective breastfeeding can be rewarding and can reduce the risk of postnatal depression, it is important that women receive the support that they need to gain a positive experience in their breastfeeding journey.

Links for breastfeeding support can be found in the 'wellbeing' and 'further information' tabs.

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Breastfeeding is a wonderful way to bond with your baby whilst providing them the nourishment that they need. The list below are some recommended items to support your journey:

-Nursing pillows can be purchased online or in a mother and baby store, these can make breastfeeding more comfortable for both you and your baby by providing support.

-Breastfeeding clothes/nursing bras are designed to allow for easier access while breastfeeding, allowing you to feed your baby without having to remove your shirt or bra when feeding your baby.

-Nipple balm can help to soothe dry and cracked nipples, these can be purchased at most pharmacies and supermarkets.

-Nursing pads are worn to absorb any milk that may leak from your breasts, keeping you dry and comfortable. These can be purchased at most pharmacies and supermarkets.

-A nursing cover is a great item for you if you want to breastfeed in public, it is not a requirement to use this in public but it may make you feel more comfortable.

-Plenty of water, snacks and entertainment, while you are breastfeeding it is important to keep yourself hydrated and eat well, you could benefit from keeping a water bottle and snacks close by when you are breastfeeding so that you can take care of yourself whilst you feed your baby. You may benefit from reading a book or watching television whilst feeding your baby.

Further information and recommendations can be found at: https://www.emmasdiary.co.uk/baby-products/breastfeeding-essentials-for-you-and-baby

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What do I need? - The Breastfeeding Network

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You don't need any special equipment for breastfeeding. Although you may choose to wear specially designed nursing clothes or use a nursing cover, breast pump, or special breastfeeding pillow, none of these things are usually necessary for breastfeeding. You may find it more comfortable to wear a nursing bra.

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The difference between an engorged and not engorged breast

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The difference between an engorged and not engorged breast

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ABM are a group of trained volunteers dedicated to supporting breastfeeding mums and their families. We’ve been supporting mums and nurturing families for almost 40 years. We’d love you to join us. Become a member of the ABM and help us continue our work.

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Mastitis is an inflammatory condition of the breast, which may or may not be accompanied by infection (WHO, 2000). An important underlying cause of mastitis is the inefficient removal of milk as a result from a poor breastfeeding technique (WHO, 2000). Mastitis is most likely to occur in the second and third week postpartum, however it is possible for it to occur at any stage.

Symptoms of mastitis usually come on quickly and tends to only affect 1 breast. Symptoms are -

A swollen, hot and painful to touch area on your breast

A wedge shaped lump on your breast

A burning pain that may be constant or only when you are breastfeeding

Discharge from the nipple that is white or contains streaks of blood

Flu like symptoms such as a high temperature, chills, aches and feeling tired

Top tips to ease symptoms of mastitis -

Continue to breastfeed your baby as normal

Ensure baby is positioned and attached properly

Use a cloth/flannel soaked in warm water and apply it to the breast to try and improve milk flow. A shower or bath can also help

A cold compress can help to soothe any breast pain

Rest and drink plenty of fluids

Paracetamol and ibuprofen are both okay to take for pain or a high temperature (NHS England, 2023).

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Please follow the link below for breastfeeding support and information for babies born premature or sick.

This link has accessibility and language options available.

You are able to read the information in over 30 languages with some in audio.

You can change the font size.

You change the colour of the background and wording to suit.

Breastfeeding | Bliss

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If you are concerned or have any symptoms, please seek advice via the 111 symptom checker - Get help for your symptoms - NHS 111

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Dad & Partners Supporting Breastfeeding. 

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Dad & Partners Supporting Breastfeeding. 

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Are you wondering how to support mum and baby to have a successful breastfeeding journey and be included?

Breastfeeding is a natural process and a skill mum and baby learn together usually within 6 weeks. A positive and supportive partner can create a good environment both for emotional support and managing difficulties to ensure a good experience, whilst mum and baby can benefit from health impacts.

Ways to support mum.

1. Listen, talk and encourage mum with her decisions about breastfeeding, how you both feel and when to end breastfeeding.

2. Help with the daily chores, ensuring mum is eating and drinking well and has a relaxed environment.

3. If she is struggling help her to access specialist help from midwives, breastfeeding counsellor or lactation specialist.

4. Remember to reassure and build her confidence.

Ways to bond with baby.

1. General care of baby including changing nappies, winding and bath time with skin to skin after. These all encourage bonding time with baby.

2. Taking time in the day to carry baby in a sling, talking, singing, reading (baby will recognize your voice) and take time as a family on small days out.

For further support please see the links below.

A-dads-guide-to-breastfeeding.pdf (jpaget.nhs.uk)

Partner's guide to breastfeeding :: Healthier Together (cymru.nhs.uk)

https://youtu.be/UmvY7t6RRUo UNICEF UK Baby Friendly Initiative Video.

(Abbett, 2020)

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It is important that when returning to work you feel supported with your breastfeeding journey. Your employer may be able to provide facilities for breastfeeding and storing breast milk.

Employers have certain legal obligations to all breastfeeding mothers.

-They must provide you with a suitable and hygienic area where you can rest at work.

-Legally workplaces do not need to provide facilities to express and store breast milk, however, some workplaces have policies in place to facilitate this. You should not be expected to express breast milk in a bathroom, if you have concerns regarding your ability to breastfeed or express at work speak to your employer, occupational health department or human resources department as they may be able to support you. You can also seek support from your union.

An individual risk assessment should be carried out by your employer on your return to work.

It is important to make your employer aware in writing that you will be breastfeeding on your return to work, usually within 8 weeks prior to your planned return to work. This can help to facilitate the process above.

Further guidance can be found from the above link and by speaking to your midwife.

(Health and Safety Executive; Royal College of Midwives, 2024).

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Breastfeeding exclusively (giving your baby no other food or drink) is recommended for around the first 6 months. After this time, breastfeeding is recommended alongside solid food.

Therefore, it's likely that you'll be breastfeeding when you return to work, training or education.

There are several options. You can:

arrange for childcare close to work or college so that you can breastfeed during breaks, or before and after work - the evening feed can be a wonderful way for you to relax with your baby

express breast milk (taking milk from the breast by hand or using a pump) so that someone else can feed your baby while you're at work

ask your employer or college for flexible working hours arranged around your breastfeeding needs

combine breastfeeding and bottle feeding to fit around your hours

Think about it early. Before you go back to work or college, tell your employer or tutor you're breastfeeding.

You may have an HR department that can help. It can make preparations, such as finding you a private room where you can breastfeed or express your milk.

Organising breastfeeding and work

Before returning to work you can:

label and date expressed breast milk before putting it in the fridge or freezer so your childminder knows which one to use first

have a trial run with childcare before returning to work

store breast milk in a sterilised container or in special breast milk storage bags in the fridge for up to 8 days at 4C or lower (you can buy fridge thermometers online) - if you're not sure of the temperature of your fridge, or it's higher than 4C, use it within 3 days

Information for employers about breastfeeding mothers

Employers have certain legal obligations to breastfeeding mothers. Supporting breastfeeding has business benefits too. These include:

reduced absence due to child sickness (breastfed babies are generally healthier)

increased staff morale and loyalty, and a subsequently higher rate of return to work

lower recruitment and training costs

an extra incentive to offer potential employees

How employers can help breastfeeding mothers

Employers can have a policy to support breastfeeding. This includes:

a break allowance for mothers to express milk

provision of a clean, warm, private room (not the toilet) for expressing

a secure, clean fridge to store expressed milk

flexible working hours for breastfeeding mothers

Let your employees know about your policy before they start their maternity leave.

What the law says about breastfeeding mothers at work

It's up to mothers to decide how long they want to breastfeed. Returning to work doesn't mean a mother has to stop. Before returning to work, she should give her employer written notification that she's breastfeeding. Her employer must then conduct a specific risk assessment.

Workplace regulations require employers to provide suitable facilities where pregnant and breastfeeding mothers can rest.

The Health and Safety Executive (HSE) recommends that it's good practice for employers to provide a private, healthy and safe environment for breastfeeding mothers to express and store milk. The toilets are not a suitable place to express breast milk.

The HSE has more advice about protecting new and expectant mothers at work.

Talk to other breastfeeding mums

If you know any breastfeeding mothers who have already gone back to work, ask them for advice.

You could also visit healthtalk.org to see mothers talking about breastfeeding and working.

Got a breastfeeding question?

Sign into Facebook and message the Start4Life Breastfeeding Friend chatbot for fast, friendly, trusted NHS advice anytime, day or night.

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Information for employees and employers on returning to work and breastfeeding, including tips on expressing and storing breast milk.

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A link to UNICEF for guidance resources. 

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A link to UNICEF for guidance resources. 

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"The Start for Life BFF chatbot would have been so helpful when I was breastfeeding our son for what felt like the 100th time, at 4am on no sleep and questioning everything I was doing."

Amy and Lucy
Parents of 1-year-old

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The Breastfeeding Friend, a digital tool from Start for Life, offers practical information and advice on breastfeeding.

Get answers to questions asked by new mums, and tips on things like sore nipples and what to do if your baby cries during feeds.

Think of it like your health visitor but, because it's a digital tool, it's available whenever you need it - all day and all night.

The Breastfeeding Friend is available on Amazon Alexa and Facebook Messenger.

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Find out how to get NHS trusted advice from the Start for Life Breastfeeding Friend, available on Amazon Alexa and Facebook Messenger.

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Having a new baby can be tough at times - see advice on breastfeeding, weaning, sleep and wellbeing to make things a little easier for you.

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The internet is full of information and welcoming webpages which can be difficult to navigate when trying to find the correct evidence based knowledge to guide you. Below is a list of reliable websites for further information all in one place.

www.nct.org.uk

www.laleche.org.uk

www.abm.me.uk

www.tonguetie.net

www.tongue-tie.org.uk

www.babywearing.co.uk

www.babyfriendly.org.uk

www.thebabycafe.co.uk

www.lcgb.org

www.kellymom.com

Twins Trust | Twins Trust - We support twins, triplets and more...

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Evidence shows that giving antiretroviral medicines to the mother or the infant can significantly reduce the risk of HIV transmission through breastfeeding (WHO, 2023).

Mothers living with HIV should breastfeed for at least 12 months and may continue breastfeeding for up to 24 months or longer, which is very similar to general breastfeeding advice, while being fully supported for taking antiretroviral medicines (WHO, 2023).

If you're taking HIV medication and you become pregnant, do not stop taking your medication without first speaking to your GP. Certain HIV medications can harm unborn babies and additional medicines may be needed to prevent your baby from getting HIV so your plan may need to be reviewed (NHS England, 2023).

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This link provides guidance and support to give you and your baby the best chance to a successful breastfeeding journey.

Their goal is to educate and empower not only new and expected mums but the supporting health care professionals in the community.

Additional resources

Breastfeeding and Down Syndrome: Information for Families & Breastfeeding Supporters - The Breastfeeding Network

Breastfeeding My Baby with Down Syndrome - La Leche League GB

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Feeding Join our Breastfeeding group Read 'Lived Experiences' Breastfeeding guide There are many outdated perceptions and myths around Down syndrome, one being that 'babies with Down syndrome can't breastfeed'. We share this guide to give you and your baby the best chance possible to breastfeed successfully.

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CLAPA (Cleft Lip and Palate Association) is a national charity and provides information and guidance for parents who would like to breastfeed babies who were born with cleft lip or palate.

Their aim is 'No one affected by cleft lip and palate in the United Kingdom will go through their journey alone'.

Other resources

Breastfeeding with Cleft Lip or Palate - ABM

Breastfeeding a baby with cleft lip and palate - La Leche League GB

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The NHS recommends exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months of a baby's life, but feeding issues caused by a cleft lip and/or palate can make breastfeeding very difficult.
At this time, it is important to remember three key things:

1. It is very unlikely that your child's cleft was caused by something you did or didn't do.

2. Many mothers and babies have difficulties with breastfeeding, regardless of whether or not there are issues like a cleft to deal with.

3. Any amount of breast milk is beneficial. If you are unable to breastfeed, you may still be able to express milk and bottle-feed your baby.

Babies with a cleft lip

Babies with a cleft lip (without a cleft palate) may be able to breastfeed. There can be difficulties with forming a seal between the breast and lip but, depending on the type and size of the cleft, the breast may be able to mould to the gap.

A hissing sound usually means air is entering the mouth, so try to re-position the baby on the breast to help them to form a vacuum. The nipple needs to stay on the back of the tongue, so it may be useful to help the baby by holding the breast in the mouth. Small changes in the vacuum will result in the nipple slowly moving towards the front of the baby's mouth which will make feeding less effective.

You may need to try several different positions over time before you find one which works, and it will help to seek support from medical professionals experienced in feeding babies with clefts, such as your Cleft Nurse Specialist.

A good flow of milk helps and this can be encouraged by massaging the breast or using a breast pump. Your midwife or a feeding specialist will be able to help you with this.

Babies with a cleft palate

Breastfeeding a baby with a cleft palate may work when the cleft is very small or narrow. The breast needs to be held well into the area where there is palate so that the baby can get a good grip and work at the breast with the tongue. A baby born with a cleft palate will need help in achieving a good 'latch on'. A nurse specialist will be able to help you with this.

If your baby is unable to suckle at the breast before they have their palate repaired at 6-12 months, it is possible, with commitment, for them to taste and lick milk expressed onto the nipple and be fed with expressed breast milk by another feeding method. Any amount of breast milk is beneficial.

For babies with a cleft palate, breast milk can be especially helpful as it does not irritate the delicate tissue in the nose and throat as much as formula milk and can help to reduce the risk of ear problems developing later on.

There are a number of alternative methods, including cup and spoon feeding, and a supplemental nursing system. Many Cleft Teams have breast pumps available for hire which will allow you to express feed your baby. Talk to your midwife or Cleft Team about this, or get in touch with a CLAPA Parent Supporter to discuss your experiences.

It is generally advised to take things a week at a time and review the situation regularly.

General breastfeeding tips

Your baby may not have a strong enough suck to stimulate the flow of milk, so you will need to help them. You can encourage the flow of milk by massaging the breast or using a breast pump. Your midwife or a feeding specialist will be able to show you how to massage your breast and hand express the milk when a breast pump is not available.

If your baby isn't able to take much milk during the feed, you may need to express more milk after feeding to ensure the breasts receive enough stimulation to keep producing milk.

Your baby will satisfy their thirst on the first suckling and their hunger on the hind milk which contains more calories. Even if you are able to breastfeed, your baby may need to be supplemented using expressed breast milk with an alternative feeding method, as breastfeeding alone may not give them enough milk.

Source(s): Range of feeding literature from Cleft Units, with assistance from Cleft Nurse Specialists in Manchester, Nottingham and South London. Stories and suggestions from parents of children born with a cleft were also used.

If you have a comment or question about the information in this page, or would like to know more about the sources of this information, please contact Communications & Information Manager Anna Martindale at [email protected] or 020 7833 4883.

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The NHS recommends exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months of a baby's life, but feeding issues caused by a cleft lip and/or palate can make breastfeeding very difficult. At this time, it is important to remember three key things: It is very unlikely that your child's cleft was caused by something you did or didn't do.

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Breastfeeding If You Are On The Autistic Spectrum

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Breastfeeding If You Are On The Autistic Spectrum

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Guidance for parents who wish to breastfeed and who are Autistic. This resource helps support with challenges like sensory issues, communication and change.

Additional resource

Breastfeeding (autism.org.uk)

Breastfeeding and Autism - La Leche League GB

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As part of World Autism Acceptance Week, BfN and National Breastfeeding Helpline Helper Katrona draws on her own experiences to share some information about breastfeeding when you are on the autistic spectrum. The term autistic will be used here instead of a person with autism because many people with autism (including the author) see it as part of who they are and not just something they have and therefore is their preferred term.
Thanks to the media, when people think of autism, they often think of stereotypical autism - male, non-verbal, rocking back and forth or stimming (repetitive movement) or being a savant (having special skills, like Dustin Hoffman in the film Rain Man).

Autism is not an illness, it just means that your brain works in a different way from the general population. It can mean that you have difficulty with social interactions and communication - it is said that up to 93% of communication is through body language, so it can be hard when you are depending on the 7% verbal component to understand what people are meaning when they speak. Sensory issues - your senses are too high or dulled meaning you experience touch, sight, sound too intensely or have trouble recognising and feeling changes in them. Autistic people often like order and certainty in life, have black and white thinking and can find comfort when the world follows logical rules.

Like myself, many females who are diagnosed with autism are diagnosed at a later stage of life instead of childhood, usually after they have had their own children.

So what has this to do with breastfeeding?

Well first of all females can be autistic, have children and breastfeed. Due to diagnosis criteria and the fact that from an early age girls learn to mask (changing your behaviour to fit in to what society deem socially acceptable) instead of a diagnosis of autism they are misdiagnosed with anxiety or depression. This may mean any challenges faced when breastfeeding are not addressed

The challenges faced by autistic breastfeeding mothers vary and can include:
Sensory issues
Feeling "touched out" and "touch overload" being misinterpreted as a feeding aversion.

Interpreting touch as pain or having less sensation of pain and not realising damage is being done to the nipples.
Communication
Phrases like "you are looking for three dirty nappies a day and five wet nappies" - does this mean if my baby is peeing ten times a day or pooping after every feed is it a problem? Vague terms like "some mums may find" and "heavy nappies" can be confusing and cause over worry and anxiety.

Trouble taking in large amounts of instructions at one time or focusing on breastfeeding and reading detailed studies and both cause confusion.
Changes
There is a lot of uncertainly with babies, they don't do what the books say they will, they change their routines and when your life is easier if there is an order to it and predictability, dealing with a new born can be very overwhelming. The lack of sleep and uncertainty can disrupt coping methods and exasperate the effects that autism can have on your life.

These can all be negative when breastfeeding with autism but there are plenty of positives as well. Breastfeeding can cut down on anxiety and worry - there is no need to measure formula out, make sure bottles are properly sterilised. Can help with mother/baby bonding by bringing a sense of normality to the mother, being able to do what neurotypical mothers do, and not feeling so different. Cuts down on sensory overload - the easiest way to settle a crying baby is to stick it on your breast, stops crying instantly, no need to wait for a bottle to be prepared.

Most of the challenges can be overcome or lessened by good communication with health care providers and supporters, thinking about the individual problems and finding new strategies and coping methods to address them. Many autistic women can be very determined, some may say stubborn but they know how much they can deal with and put up with. Understanding this and remembering if goals need to change, like the introduction of formula top ups, can be really upsetting to autistic mums but having research which they can read and study further can really help.

Some simple things like checking communication is going both ways, and finding strategies for coping, no matter how unusual they are can make a big difference to an autistic person's breastfeeding journey.

Some links for more information and support:
The National Breastfeeding Helpline

Breastfeeding mums on the Autistic Spectrum Facebook page
Breastfeeding with a disability Facebook page
The Curly Hair Project
National Autistic Society - Autistic Women & Girls
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Breastfeeding If You Are On The Autistic Spectrum - The Breastfeeding Network

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As part of World Autism Acceptance Week, BfN and National Breastfeeding Helpline Helper Katrona draws on her own experiences to share some information about breastfeeding when you are on the autistic spectrum. The term autistic will be used here instead of a person with autism because many people with autism (including the author) see it [...]

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Plus Mommy - Guidance for ladies with a higher BMI

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Plus Mommy - Guidance for ladies with a higher BMI

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A resource for plus size women looking for information and guidance on breastfeeding.

Additional links

Bigger Breastfeeding – Behind the Statistics - Big Birthas

Guide to Plus Size Breastfeeding [+6 Things You Need] (plussizebirth.com)

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Breastfeeding can be challenging regardless of your size, but plus size breastfeeding comes with additional obstacles. If you're wondering how PCOS impacts breastfeeding or struggling to breastfeed with large breasts, this resource, with IBCLC Laurel Wilson is for you!

Plus Size Breastfeeding

IBCLC stands for International Board Certified Lactation Consultant, and it's the highest certification for lactation consultants. Studies show that support from an IBCLC can improve breastfeeding outcomes for people of size.

ILCA is one of the best ways to find an IBCLC in your area.

Breastfeeding looks different for everyone. Some people nurse with ease, while others pump and bottle-feed like we learned about during episode 14 of the Plus Mommy Podcast, Sam's Plus Size Pregnancy And Breastfeeding Story.
"Don't define your breastfeeding journey by amounts!" - Laurel Wilson, IBCLC
I found the words above incredibly healing as I struggled to breastfeed my son.

I wish I would've prepared for breastfeeding. Unexpectedly, I went into labor early with my breastfeeding book on my nightstand open to chapter two.

As Laurel shares, during our prenatal education, we focus heavily on preparing for birth. Birth only lasts 12 - 36 hours on average. So little time is spent preparing for breastfeeding when it can last years!

Without a doubt, it's critical to have prenatal education for pregnancy, birth, and breastfeeding. We should just stop putting breastfeeding last and spend so little time becoming educated. I speak from experience so let's go deeper with plus size nursing tips!

3 Ways To Prepare For Breastfeeding

1. Take A Breastfeeding Class

When you are pregnant and planning to breastfeed, Google "breastfeeding classes near me." Look for a class that's at least three hours long. Shorter classes won't cover all you need to learn about nursing.

2. Read Breastfeeding Books

Laurel recommends Ina Mays's Guide To Breastfeeding and Breastfeeding Made Simple.

3. Get Your Basic Hormonal Levels Tested

Early testing can help if you end up having hormonal challenges with breastfeeding. An IBCLC can recommend testing once you've had your baby and make some comparisons. Hormonal testing is especially beneficial for people who have PCOS ( Polycystic Ovary Syndrome).

When Will My Milk Come In?

When you are a person of size, it can take longer to lactate (Laurel explains why during the podcast episode linked below). For some, it can take an additional 24 - 48 hours. The best thing you can do is a lot of skin-to-skin with your baby!

One great clothing item you can wear is a nursing tank top. Tuck your baby into the top and do a lot of skin-to-skin while relaxing and recovering from childbirth.

PCOS And Breastfeeding

About 1/3 of people who have PCOS have significant struggles breastfeeding; from undersupply to oversupply. This is another reason why connecting with an IBCLC is so important!

One thing that helps is nutrition during breastfeeding. If you have PCOS, your body will crave sugar because of how it's processing insulin.

Focus on foods that address the sweet cravings but also help to stabilize the insulin levels (yams, beets, raspberries, etc). A book recommendation is The New Glucose Revolution.

Breastfeeding Positions When You Have Large Breasts Or Are Plus Size

When it comes to plus size breastfeeding positions, there's no perfection position aside from the position(s) that work best for you and your baby.

A laid back or reclined breastfeeding position can be helpful, but your breasts can fall to the side. To assist with breastfeeding lying down, Laurel recommends wearing a nursing tank top, nursing bra, or even a scarf around your neck to help sling your breasts in an upright position.

You can even breastfeed in a plus size baby carrier as you'll see in this Instagram video from Plus Size Babywearing. View this post on Instagram

A post shared by Plus Size Babywearing (@plussizebabywearing) on Jan 19, 2019 at 12:19pm PST

Plus Size Nursing Bras

You might be wondering when you should buy a plus size nursing bra?

Laurel says if you can wait until you're six weeks postpartum, it's ideal. However, if you have to buy a new bra during pregnancy, you might as well buy a nursing bra.

Consider placing one hand in your cup as that represents a cup size. This way, you'll approximately buy the right size nursing bra for when your milk comes in.

With that said, your breast tissue will change over time, so even if your nursing bra fits at the beginning of your breastfeeding journey, it might not months-in.

A nursing wrap-sleep bra and nursing tank tops will accommodate your changing breast size and help you feel supported.

This pumping bra comes highly recommended by plus size moms.

See our plus size pumping bras resource and helpful tips!

Learn even more from Laurel about plus size breastfeeding during episode 58 of the Plus Mommy Podcast.

Recording & Show Notes: Plus Mommy Podcast Episode 58

Resources Mentioned On The Show:

Laurel Wilson, BSc, IBCLC, RLC, CCCE, CLE®, CLD, CPPFE, CPPI, is a board certified as a lactation consultant, childbirth educator, labor doula, lactation educator™, Prenatal ParentingTM Instructor, and Pre and Postpartum fitness educator. She has her degree in Maternal and Child Health - Lactation Consulting. With over twenty-six years of experience working with women in the childbearing year and perinatal professionals, Laurel takes a creative approach to working with the pregnant family and perinatal professionals.

Thank You To Our Sponsor:

This episode is also brought to you by Plus Size Birth! Use coupon code PlusMommy to receive 20% off the My Plus Size Pregnancy Guide that covers everything you could want to know about having a plus size pregnancy.

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Everything You Want To Know About Plus Size Breastfeeding

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If you're wondering how PCOS impacts breastfeeding or struggling to breastfeed with large breasts, this resource, with IBCLC Laurel Wilson is for you!

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It is important that resources are available in different languages, Please follow the link below to find simple images and language information sheets to support the basics of breastfeeding and bottle feeding in the following languages.

Arabic

Bengali

Hindi

Lithuanian

Mandarin

Polish

Romanian

Slovak

Turkish

Ukrainian

Urdu

Foreign language resources - Baby Friendly Initiative (unicef.org.uk)

Contact Numbers for different languages.

NCT’s support line: 0300 330 0700 is open every day, 8am to midnight, including bank holidays.

Association of Breastfeeding Mothers Breastfeeding helpline: 0300 330 5453 is open 9.30am to 10.30pm.

Breastfeeding Network supporter line: 0300 100 0210.

Breastfeeding Network Supporter line in Bengali/Sylheti: 0300 456 2421 is open 9.30am to 9.30pm, 7 days a week.

La Leche League: 0345 120 2918.

National Breastfeeding Helpline: 0300 100 0212 is open 9.30am to 9.30pm, daily.

National Breastfeeding Helpline in Welsh and Polish: 0300 100 0212 and press 1 for Welsh and 2 for Polish.

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Hospital grade breast pumps are available to hire, prices and duration vary, please see details below:-

Medela 0161 776 0400

Hire a Symphony Double Breast Pump | Hospital Grade - Medela Breast Pumps (medela-rental.co.uk)

Ardo Medical Ltd 01823 336 362

Rent a Breast Pump (ardomedical.co.uk)

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Chestfeeding or nursing for transgender and non-binary parents

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Chestfeeding or nursing for transgender and non-binary parents

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Chestfeeding is a possibility if you are transgender or non-binary, even if you have had top surgery. However, it is difficult to know how much milk you may produce and if this is enough to feed your baby.

Your baby may have difficulty latching if there is a reduction in soft tissue surrounding your nipple.

If you use a binder, or wrap your chest, you may be at a higher risk of experiencing mastitis, mastitis is further explained under the "Health" tab.

Support is available for you, please speak to your midwife or general practitioner if you wish to chestfeed, as they can guide you to help your baby to latch.

It is also important to speak to your midwife or GP if you plan to take testosterone while chestfeeding.

Further support is available by contacting your midwife or by visiting:

https://laleche.org.uk/support-transgender-non-binary-parents/ - support for transgender & non-binary parents.

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Chestfeeding if you're trans or non-binary

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If you are trans or non-binary and are thinking about chestfeeding your baby, find out your options and further information here.

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Breastfeeding - A resource for supporting ones journey. 

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Breastfeeding - A resource for supporting ones journey. 

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Welcome to this resource for mums, dads, families and carers who wish to gain knowledge and information to enable them to support the breastfeeding journey from safe and reliable resources available in one place at any time of day or night.

Easy to use and navigate, as each category tab has a heading meaning you can read specific information as required.

Information on this resource is gathered from reliable sources, guidelines, NHS Trusts and charities.

Within this resource and additional links, the terms 'women' and 'woman' may be referred to and this may not represent the user. We acknowledge that not all user's accessing this information will identify as women. Please advocate for yourselves to ensure you receive personalized and inclusive care.

User guide - If the picture has an internet address in the bottom left corner this is a direct link to a resource.