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Innovation comes into play in any number of disciplines, including sociology and organizational economics, and features in a vast bibliography on subjects such as business governance, human resources, management, business culture, resarch and develoment in IT, engineering and product design, marketing and strategy.

Pellé, S 2017, Business, Innovation and Responsibility, John Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, Newark. Available from: ProQuest Ebook Central. [8 January 2024].

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Concept and Literature of innovations in business 

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Concept and Literature of innovations in business 

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The literature about innovation in the service sector is still very limited (Adegoke, 2007, Ettlie and Rosenthal, 2011, Flikkema et al., 2007), and it is even more limited, both theoretically and empirically, for the tourism industry. The number of theoretical studies on innovation in the tourism industry is astonishingly low (Williams & Shaw, 2011). Thus, it is not surprising that there are relatively few studies on innovation in the hotel industry, and that statistical analyses of this phenomenon are even rarer. This situation is a consequence on one hand of conceptual problems related to the characteristics of service, tourism and hotel firms, and on the other hand, to the lack of available data.

The characteristic features of services are clearly present in hotel and tourism firms, influencing how innovation manifests itself in these companies (Orfila-Sintes et al., 2005, Orfila-Sintes and Mattsson, 2009). This implies that each of the hotel and tourism industry characteristics are taken into account in innovation activities, such as close interaction with clients, coterminality, high content of information in services, and the importance of the human factor (Orfila-Sintes et al., 2005).

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introduction of a new product or a qualitative change in an existing product

process innovation new to an industry

the opening of a new market

development of new sources of supply for raw materials or other inputs

changes in industrial organisation

(Melbourne Institute of applied Economic and Social Research The University of Melbourne, Mark Rogers, May 1998)

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the basics of effective innovation are: providing a facing vision that guides the intrapreneurially energy of the organisation, and liberating the entrepreneurs to achieve that vision. focusing and releasing the intrapreneurially spirit of even a part of a company can result in a flood innovation.

intrepreneurs, climate makers, idea people, sponsors and intrapeneurs team are the five key roles for innovation to perform well.

(intrapreneuring in Action: a handbook for business innovation by Gifford Pinchot, Ron Pellman, 1999)

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Increasing amounts of research suggests that the culture and climate for innovation are amongst the most important drivers for successful innovation. nonetheless, the core concepts of innovation climate and culture are often not present in managers' thinking. The concepts are often not even on management's mental radar or dashboard

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