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The U.S. dropped atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki in August 1945, hastening Japan’s surrender and ending WWII. This marked the beginning of the nuclear arms race, as the Soviet Union quickly sought to develop its own atomic weapons.

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Hiroshima Day 2022: How The Atomic Bombs Ended The World War II

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The end of WWII marked the collapse of Axis powers and the emergence needed of the United States and the Soviet Union as global superpowers. The new division of Europe and Asia contributed to rising tensions between these Two Nations.

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The defeat of the Axis powers in WWII led to the collapse of fascist regimes (Fascism is a form of government where most of the country's power is held by one ruler or a small group) in Europe and Asia. The U.S. and the Soviet Union Emerged as the two dominant superpowers, each with vastly different ideologies, setting the stage for the Cold War.

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What Caused World War Two? in 90 Seconds

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The Cold War Explained From Beginning to End in One Minute: Causes/Effects, Timeline and Outcome

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A meeting between Roosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin to discuss the post-war reorganization of Europe. While it laid the groundwork for the United Nations, it also planted the seeds for future Cold War tensions, particularly over Eastern Europe.

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The Yalta Conference brought together leaders from the U.S., U.K. and the Soviet Union particularly the fate of Poland, sowed the seeds of Cold War tensions between the West and the USSR.

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Churchill, Roosevelt and Stalin meet at Yalta (1945)

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Stalin churchill roosevelt 1943 Yalta Conference color 4k footage

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The United Nations was established in 1945 to promote international cooperation and prevent future wars. However, Cold War tensions soon divided the U.N. into opposing blocs, with the U.S. and Soviet Union often clashing over global issues.

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HISTORY OF | History of The United Nations

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How does the United Nations work? | RMIT University

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The Chinese Civil War culminated in the communist victory, with Mao Zedong establishing the People's Republic of China in 1949. The U.S. had supported the nationalist side, and the communist takeover alarmed the West, intensifying Cold War tensions.

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How the Biggest Airlift in History Saved West Berlin

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President Truman announced that the U.S. would support countries resisting communist takeover, beginning with Greece and Turkey.

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This policy of containment was a direct response to the spread of Soviet influence in Europe and Asia. This signified a major shift in U.S. foreign policy towards active opposition to Soviet expansion.

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The Truman Doctrine: Shaping Cold War Policy | GCSE History

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House Un-American Activities Committee (1947-1950s)

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House Un-American Activities Committee (1947-1950s)

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The HUAC investigated and persecuted suspected communists within the U.S., including government officials and Hollywood figures. It created a climate of fear and suspicion during the early years of the Cold War, reflecting the growing anxiety over communist influence.

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House Un-American Activities Committee (1947-1950s)

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House Un-American Activities Committee (1947-1950s)

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House Un-American Activities Committee (1947-1950s)

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House Un-American Activities Committee (1947-1950s)

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Sound Smart: The House Un-American Activities Committee | History

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House Un-American Activities Committee (1947-1950s)

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House Un-American Activities Committee (1947-1950s)

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A U.S. program providing aid to Western Europe to help rebuild economies after WWII, with the goal of preventing the spread of communism. The plan intensified tensions with the Soviet Union, who saw it as American imperialism.

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The Marshall Plan was a direct response to Soviet expansionism. It showed the U.S.'s commitment to rebuilding Europe and preventing communist influence from taking root in Western nations.

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How the Marshall Plan Helped Europe Rebuild After WWII

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The Marshall Plan Explained: US HIstory Review

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In 1948, a communist coup in Czechoslovakia overthrew the democratic government and established a Soviet-backed regime. This demonstrated the growing influence of the Soviet Union in Eastern Europe, further alarming the West and deepening the Cold War divide.

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When the Soviet Union blockaded West Berlin, the U.S. responded by airlifting supplies into the city. This showed the U.S.'s determination to resist Soviet control in Europe, escalating Cold War tensions.

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The Soviet Union attempted to force the Allies out of Berlin by blocking all land access to the city. In response, the U.S. launched the Berlin Airlift, supplying West Berlin by air for nearly a year, showcasing the U.S.'s commitment to resisting Soviet aggression.

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How the Biggest Airlift in History Saved West Berlin

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NATO, or the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, was formed as a military alliance between the U.S., Canada, and Western European nations to counter the growing Soviet threat. It marked the beginning of formal military cooperation between the West.

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The Formation of NATO and the Warsaw Pact | History

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The Soviet Union successfully tested its first atomic bomb in 1949, ending the U.S.'s monopoly on nuclear weapons. This event heightened the arms race between the U.S. and the Soviet Union and escalated Cold War tensions.

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Russian Atom Blast Shakes UN Assembly (1949)

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First Soviet nuclear test. On 29 August 1949,  Atomic Explosion Nuclear Bomb Russia Weapons Test

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The Korean War began when communist North Korea, supported by China and the Soviet Union, invaded South Korea. The U.S. and its allies intervened to prevent the spread of communism, leading to a brutal conflict that ended in a stalemate.

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McCarthyism, led by Senator Joseph McCarthy, was a period of intense fear of communist infiltration in the U.S. The government conducted investigations and trials, leading to the blacklisting of individuals suspected of communist sympathies.

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Joseph McCarthy Speech on the Red Scare in 1954

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Joseph McCarthy's Downfall Was Accusing the Army of Communism