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Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)

Components:

Cranial nerves (12 pairs)

Spinal nerves (31 pairs)

Ganglia

Sensory receptors

Peripheral nerves (motor and sensory)

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The Peripheral Nervous System connects the central nervous system (CNS) to the limbs and organs. It serves as a communication relay between the brain/spinal cord and the rest of the body. The PNS allows for both voluntary actions, like muscle movement, and involuntary functions, like regulating heart rate.

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1. Peripheral Neuropathy – A condition resulting from damaged peripheral nerves, often causing weakness, numbness, and pain, typically in the hands and feet.

2. Guillain-Barré Syndrome – A rare autoimmune disorder where the immune system attacks the peripheral nerves, leading to muscle weakness and potential paralysis.

3. Bell’s Palsy – Sudden weakness or paralysis of facial muscles, usually on one side, due to inflammation of the facial nerve (cranial nerve VII).

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Nerve Conduction Study (NCS): A diagnostic test that measures how fast electrical impulses move through the peripheral nerves. It is used to evaluate nerve damage or dysfunction.

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Nerve Decompression Surgery: A surgical procedure used to relieve pressure on a nerve, such as in carpal tunnel syndrome. It can restore function and reduce pain or numbness.

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1. What is the term for nerve inflammation that causes facial paralysis on one side of the face?

a. Neuropathy

b. Bell’s Palsy

c. Parkinson’s

d. Myopathy

2. What is the name of the test that measures the speed of electrical signals through peripheral nerves?

a. EEG

b. MRI

c. Nerve Conduction Study

d. EMG

3. Guillain-Barré Syndrome affects which part of the nervous system?

a. Central Nervous System

b. Peripheral Nervous System

c. Endocrine System

d. Muscular System