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The renaissance began in in Italy in the mid 1300's and spread through other parts of Europe in the 1400 and 1500's

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The holy war started when the pope called on western Christans to take up arms aid the Byzantines and recapture the Holy land from muslim control

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The rediscovery of aristole 13th centry 

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The rediscovery of aristole 13th centry 

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In the 13th century aristole was introduced to the west through the work of Albertus Magnus and especially Thomas Aquinas whose brilliant synthesis of aristotelin and Christan thought provided a bedrock for late medival cathlioc philosophy theology and science

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It killed 30 to 50 percent of the population

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1400 to 1450: The Rise of Rome and the de Medici Family.

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1400 to 1450: The Rise of Rome and the de Medici Family.

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Beginning in 1434 with the rise to power of Cosimo de Medic the familys patronage of the arts and humanities made Florence into the cradle of the renissance Europe scientific artistic and culture rebirth

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Fall of Constantinople, (May 29, 1453). The dwindling Byzantine Empire came to an end when the Ottomans breached Constantinople's ancient land wall after besieging the city for 55 days.

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People such as Lorenzo de' Medici in 1449–1492 of Florence and popes Julius II in 1503–1513 and Leo X in 1513–1521

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The Greek-speaking world was swiftly conquered by the ottomans - 1456

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The Greek-speaking world was swiftly conquered by the ottomans - 1456

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Athens fell in 1456, the Morea in 1460, Trebizond in 1461. Cyprus and Crete held out for longer, but by 1669, practically the entire Greek world was under Ottoman rule.

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The last quarter of the 16th century witnessed an explosion of important sailing discoveries in the Age of Exploration: Bartolomeu Dias rounded the Cape of Good Hope in 1488, Columbus reached the Bahamas in 1492, and Vasco da Gama reached India in 1498. In 1485, Italian master architects traveled to Russia to aid in the rebuilding of the Kremlin in Moscow.

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1501 to 1550: Politics and the Reformation

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1501 to 1550: Politics and the Reformation

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Europe became divided along confessional as well as terrtoral lines The religious turmoil of the period led to warfare within most states and between many.

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The Mona Lisa is a painting of the wife of a Florentine merchant.

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The Peace of Augsburg (1555) temporarily eased the tensions arising from the Reformation, by allowing the legal co-existence of Protestants and Catholics in the Holy Roman Empire. Charles V abdicated the Spanish throne in 1556, and Philip II took over. England's Golden Age began when Elizabeth I was crowned queen in 1558. Religious wars continued: the Battle of Lepanto, part of the Ottoman-Habsburg Wars, was fought in 1571, and the St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre of Protestants took place in France in 1572.

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It finally ended the religious struggle allowing rulers to choose either Lutheranism or Roman Catholicism as the official confession of their state.

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The Last Supper has been traditionally depicted in Christian art since 1498.

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1400 to 1450: The Rise of Rome and the de Medici Family

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1400 to 1450: The Rise of Rome and the de Medici Family

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The beginning of the 15th century (probably 1403) saw Leonardo Bruni offer his Panegyric to the City of Florence, describing a city where freedom of speech, self-government, and equality reigned. In 1401, Italian artist Lorenzo Ghiberti was awarded a commission to create bronze doors for the baptistry of San Giovanni in Florence; architect Filippo Brunelleschi and sculptor Donatello traveled to Rome to begin their 13-year stay sketching, studying, and analyzing the ruins there; and the first painter of the early Renaissance, Tommaso di Ser Giovanni di Simone and better known as Masaccio, was born.