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By: Briley, Emily, Abby, Danielle, Mila, and Dana

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www.worldvision.ca/stories/food/how-to-end-world-hunger-here-are-6-ways-to-start

Notes:

What causes hunger?

https://youtu.be/zOyI6N4Teq0?si=RdslhprVCNUPWiBf

Recent studies have shown that since covid-19 9.2% of world hunger increased. That brought the fraction up to 1/3 of the planet starving. Roughly 850 000 000 new people begin to starve daily. 35 000 people lose their life a day due to lack of food income. Most of these people suffer from food insecurity. Food insecurity is when people have gone an entire day without eating because they simply can't. Either they have ran out, given their food to a loved one who needs it more, or can't locate/find any. Troubles get in peoples way when they try to grow food. Such as bad weather preventing them from growing things. Whether there's no rain or a bad storm hits and destroys land. Having to move around constantly so the roots don't have enough time to grow. Imagine how upset you would be if you had to constantly restart the same thing over and over again.

What are some ways we can prevent this from happening?

Bringing affordable food to where it is most needed. Donating to not only feed Nova Scotia but to other food organization. every little bit counts. You could spend your money going towards treating yourself or to someone who actually needs it to survive. Donating every now and then in big sums or small sums can make a huge impact on civilians. Another way is spreading awareness to others and asking them to pitch in. There's so many ways as humans we can help others but this is my last point, volunteering. Volunteering at a charity is good for your soul and your resume.

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Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations

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Much has changed since 1974, when FAO first began reporting on the extent of hunger in the world. The world population is growing steadily and is increasingly urbanized. Technology is evolving incessantly and the economy is more and more globalized. At the same time, there are worrying global trends in malnutrition, including a rapid rise in overweight and obesity, even as forms of undernutrition persist. The way food is produced, distributed and consumed worldwide has also changed dramatically. This vastly different world calls for new ways of thinking about hunger and food insecurity.

As part of its mandate, FAO strives to eradicate hunger, food insecurity and all forms of malnutrition. Supporting the livelihoods of small-scale food producers, improving the resilience of food production systems and encouraging the sustainable use of natural resources are all key to fulfilling this mandate and achieving Sustainable Development Goal 2 (SDG2), a world without hunger, food insecurity and malnutrition.

What is hunger?

Hunger is an uncomfortable or painful physical sensation caused by insufficient consumption of dietary energy. It becomes chronic when the person does not consume a sufficient amount of calories (dietary energy) on a regular basis to lead a normal, active and healthy life. For decades, FAO has used the Prevalence of Undernourishment indicator to estimate the extent of hunger in the world, thus "hunger" may also be referred to as undernourishment.

What is food insecurity?

A person is food insecure when they lack regular access to enough safe and nutritious food for normal growth and development and an active and healthy life. This may be due to unavailability of food and/or lack of resources to obtain food. Food insecurity can be experienced at different levels of severity. FAO measures food insecurity using the Food Insecurity Experience Scale (FIES) shown below:

How are hunger and food insecurity related?

When someone is severely food insecure, they have run out of food and gone a day or more without eating. In other words, they have most likely experienced hunger.

Severe food insecurity is one extreme of the scale, but even moderate food insecurity is worrisome. For those who are moderately food insecure, access to food is uncertain. They might have to sacrifice other basic needs, just to be able to eat. When they do eat, it might be whatever is most readily available or cheapest, which might not be the most nutritious food. The rise in obesity and other forms of malnutrition is partly a result of this phenomenon. Highly processed foods that are energy-dense, high in saturated fats, sugars and salt are often cheaper and easier to come by than fresh fruits and vegetables. Eating those foods may mean your daily requirement of calories is met, but you are missing essential nutrients to keep your body healthy and functioning well. In addition, the stress of living with uncertain access to food and going periods without food can lead to physiological changes that can contribute to overweight and obesity. Children facing hunger, food insecurity and undernutrition today may have a higher risk of overweight, obesity and chronic diseases like diabetes later in life. In many countries, undernutrition and obesity coexist and both can be consequences of food insecurity.

Monitoring hunger and food insecurity in the world

FAO uses multiple indicators to monitor the various aspects of these complex issues.

Two of these indicators, the Prevalence of Undernourishment (PoU) and the Prevalence of moderate or severe food insecurity in the population, based on the Food Insecurity Experience Scale (FIES), are being used to monitor the world's progress toward achieving SDG2.

The PoU and the prevalence of food insecurity based on the FIES give different perspectives and utilize very different methodologies and sources of data.

The Prevalence of Undernourishment (PoU) is FAO's traditional indicator used to monitor hunger at the global and regional level and is based on country data on food availability, food consumption and energy needs. It estimates the adequacy of a population's dietary energy intake. Historically, the number of hungry people in the world (between 720 and 811 million) has been derived using this approach. PoU estimates cannot be sufficiently disaggregated to be able to identify specific vulnerable populations within countries, which is a limitation for monitoring the very ambitious goal of Zero Hunger in an agenda that aims to leave no one behind.

The prevalence of moderate or severe food insecurity in the population, based on the Food Insecurity Experience Scale (FIES) is an estimate of the percentage of a country's population that faces difficulties in accessing enough safe and nutritious food for normal growth and development and an active and healthy life. The data is collected through direct interviews by asking people about experiences associated with constrained access to food. The FIES is capable of providing measures of food insecurity at the individual or household level and at different levels of severity. Estimates can be compared across countries and sub-populations within countries. Rather than only national trends, this methodology can be used to highlight the "who" and "where" of the of food insecurity, answering the questions: which populations are the most food insecure, and where are they located?

In monitoring the progress toward SDG 2, this FAO indicator measures the proportion of the population that is experiencing moderate or severe food insecurity in a population.

People experiencing moderate food insecurity have reduced the quality and/or quantity of their food and are uncertain about their ability to obtain food due to lack of money or other resources. Moderate food insecurity can increase the risk of some forms of malnutrition, such as stunting in children, micronutrient deficiencies or obesity in adults.

People experiencing severe food insecurity have run out of food and, at the most extreme, have gone days without eating. This group of people are those we call the "hungry". The number of severely food insecure people derived from the FIES complements the number of hungry people determined based on the POU.

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Much has changed since 1974, when FAO first began reporting on the extent of hunger in the world. The world population is growing steadily and is increasingly urbanized. Technology is evolving incessantly and the economy is more and more globalized.

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Many people across the world have experienced major food loss since the covid 19 pandemic.

The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nation describes hunger as a very uncomfortable or painful physical sensation that is caused by insufficent consumption of dietary energy.

In children undernutrition can cause stunting and wasting.Stunting is a insufficient height for a child's age.

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The top 4 most hungry countries in the world are Mali, South Sudan, Burkina, and Faso.

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WHEN DID IT START

World hunger start in the early 1980s but it orginated from the great depression when the money was more then a house, That started in 1929-1935. In 1-8 households were food insercure. 1.2 million childern under 18 were food insecure and 4.4 million of hat number was adults living in canada. Soon caritable food programs got made the food bank started in 1960. The most recent news from 2017-2018 12.7 percent of households were food insecure and the more highly vunerable groups were homeless and First Nation living on the resurve.

WHEN DID IT END

The possiable world hunger will suppositly end by 2030, this target was agreed by the governments all over the world. We could make world hunger end more faster by reducing food waste and loss. Except the annual investment will cost up to $267 Million dollars to make world hunger no longer a thing. Different politic teams also hve put in the thoguht to give everyone a sertain diet so no food can go to waste.

https://www.graygroupintl.com/blog/zero-hungerhttps://www.graygroupintl.com/blog/zero-hunger

https://fbyr.ca/article/a-walk-down-memory-lane-history-of-the-food-bank/#:~:text=The%20very%20first%20food%20bank%20similar%20to%20how%20we%20do,Father%20of%20Food%20Banking%2C%20St.

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Poverty:

Poverty is the main cause of global hunger. The unequal distribution of income and scarcity of resources in developing countries result in millions of people being unable to afford the land or farming supplies needed to grow their own food or access nutritious food otherwise.

Climate Change:

Climate variability and extreme weather events are increasingly driving global hunger. The frequency of climate-related disasters, such as droughts, food crises, floods, and severe heat, is rising.

Pandemic:

The COVID-19 pandemic as a driver of acute food insecurity. Economic shocks, soaring global food prices, supply chain disruptions, and an uneven economic recovery have all contributed to the alarming rise in global hunger.

https://www.worldvision.ca/stories/food/world-hunger-facts-how-to-help#:~:text=Poverty%20is%20the%20principal%20cause,gain%20access%20to%20nutritious%20food.

Gender Inequality:

In nearly two-thirds of countries worldwide, women are more likely than men to experience hunger and malnutrition. This is often because women tend to eat last and least.

Food Waste:

Nearly one-third of the food produced globally each year is lost or wasted. Recovering this wasted food could feed every hungry person on the planet twice over as 20lbsof food is wasted every month by the average American

https://www.wfpusa.org/drivers-of-hunger/