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In Italy, the first recorded autopsy was performed to determine the cause of death, marking a significant shift in the approach to understanding unexplained deaths. This event laid the foundational principles for forensic pathology.

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1835: Henry Goddard and Bullet Comparison

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1835: Henry Goddard and Bullet Comparison

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Henry Goddard, one of the first ballistics experts, used a comparison microscope to match a bullet to the murder weapon. This was one of the first instances of forensic ballistics.

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Alphonse Bertillon developed a system to identify individuals based on physical measurements. Although it was later replaced by fingerprinting, anthropometry was a critical step in forensic identification practices.

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Francis Galton published a book detailing the uniqueness of fingerprints and their importance in identification, leading to the widespread adoption of fingerprinting in forensic science.

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1901: Karl Landsteiner Discovers Blood Types

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1901: Karl Landsteiner Discovers Blood Types

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Landsteiner's discovery of blood types revolutionized forensic science by enabling blood type analysis in crime scene investigation, significantly improving the accuracy of evidence.

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1910: The Establishment of the First Forensic Laboratory

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1910: The Establishment of the First Forensic Laboratory

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Edmond Locard established the world's first forensic laboratory in Lyon, France. Locard's Exchange Principle that 'every contact leaves a trace' is foundational in forensic science.

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The FBI Laboratory was established in the United States, becoming one of the largest and most comprehensive forensic laboratories in the world, specializing in a wide range of criminal investigations.

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1984: Alec Jeffreys Develops DNA Fingerprinting

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1984: Alec Jeffreys Develops DNA Fingerprinting

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The development of DNA fingerprinting by Alec Jeffreys transformed forensic science, providing a highly accurate method for identifying individuals and solving numerous cold cases.

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1992: The Advent of Automated Fingerprint Identification Systems (AFIS)

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1992: The Advent of Automated Fingerprint Identification Systems (AFIS)

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The implementation of AFIS allowed law enforcement agencies to digitally scan and match fingerprints against a database, significantly speeding up the identification process.

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As technology advanced, forensic scientists began to focus on digital crimes, analyzing electronic devices to solve various cybercrimes. This represents the latest frontier in forensic science.