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What I understood, this is a review paper aims to look at previous paper in several destination. They researcher want to provide model that look at the tourism related problem in New way. Instead of looking at problems and what caused them, to looking at underlying dynamic of problem. This help to anticipate the problem before it happen.

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The meaning of sustainable tourism is thought-provoking. The impact of tourism activities is difficult to observe and measure indirectly, which is often also related to the activities of local residents. The erosion of natural capital requires a feedback approach to assessing the effects of sustainable tourism.

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One objective of this paper is to remove this conceptual distance by illustrating an example whichincorporates this second form of impact assessment into an adaptive management structure.
We attempt to extend these advances, with the primary goal of assisting the tourism management framework of the Province of Siena.
we propose an adaptive management framework for tourism policy to include biophysical conditions.

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The meaning of sustainable tourism is thought-provoking. The impact of tourism activities is difficult to observe and measure indirectly, which is often also related to the activities of local residents. The erosion of natural capital requires a feedback approach to assessing the effects of sustainable tourism.

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The result contrasts the case of the Butler cycle. Where

the reinforcing loop depicted a destination at risk for rapid

and uncontrolled growth or decline, the balancing loop

tends to dampen the oscillations of the system, settling the

observed state closer to the desired one. The use of a

quantified measure such as the ecological footprint and its

comparison to biocapacity is useful here, because strength

of the remedial action taken is proportional to the size of

the gap, therefore the current state initially rapidly

approaches the desired state. Ideally, as the error decreases,

the rate at which the current state approaches the desired

state decreases. However, delays are a component which

describes the time that elapses between cause and effect,

and may be a consideration in affecting positive change in

the system.

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Methods
This article takes a perspective underscored by Walters

(1986) and Gunderson et al. (1995), that environmental problems are sometimes best addressed by setting aside for a moment the direct and obvious linkages between a problem and its manifestations, and instead concentrating on underlying dynamics.
3.1. System dynamics modelling
3.2. Ecological footprint analysis
3.2.1. Biocapacity
3.2.2. Ecological footprint
3.2.3. Tourist ecological footprint

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In summary, this paper proposes a systems perspective for understanding tourism development and its environmental impacts. It suggests using a systems dynamical model to incorporate direct and input-output indicators of environmental condition into adaptive management of tourism. The ecological footprint methodology shows promise as a feedback-based conceptual model that can help determine the necessary interventions to address the issue of "overshoot" in tourism. The model evolves through discrete time steps, and successful efforts to reduce the ecological footprint are reflected in the mapping function.

The paper emphasizes the need to consider temporal and spatial dynamics in understanding the problem domain of tourism. It calls for a shift away from the traditional static view of carrying capacity in tourism management. Furthermore, it suggests seeking additional sources of information or collaboration to transform the problem domain, including perspectives from other agencies or social, political, and economic aspects.

The paper highlights the importance of improved indicators in managing the complex processes and impacts of tourism. It also emphasizes the need for conceptual work in the tourism field that explores linkages through time and between different levels of management, such as understanding tourism dynamics at various spatial scales.

Overall, this systems-based approach aims to enhance managers' abilities to incorporate environmental feedback into decision-making processes in tourism management. It suggests complementing the assessment of direct degradation of natural capital with information on spatially or temporally displaced impacts, such as evidence from ecological footprint analysis.

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Adaptive environmental management of tourism