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This study belongs to qualitative research

The goal of research is not to quantify "how many people support whom," but rather to reveal how the media system influences, constructs, and legitimizes a certain moral discourse.

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Determining the research orientation:

Focus on the relationship between media and ethics, analysing how power structures are constructed through the transaction of media.

Determine the research background:

How the U.S. media has reacted to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict in the last decade.

Determine the research question:

Using the Israeli-Palestinian conflict as an example, explain how the American media system influences the public's ethical perspectives.

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seeking out case studies:

TV

Newspapers

Social media

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Theoretical foundation comes from:

Foucault's theory of "discourse and power/knowledge"

Blum's classification of "media system models"

→ These theories help us establish an argument:

Media works as a tool of power that operates through the transaction of knowledge to shape the "truth" and "moral standards" to the public.

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1 in 5 Americans now regularly get news on TikTok, up sharply from 2020

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1 in 5 Americans now regularly get news on TikTok, up sharply from 2020

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How Americans View the Israel-Hamas Conflict 2 Years Into the War

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How Americans View the Israel-Hamas Conflict 2 Years Into the War

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About six-in-ten now have an unfavorable view of the Israeli government, with a rising share saying Israel is ‘going too far’

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A third of Americans (33%) say the United States is providing too much military assistance to Israel. 

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A third of Americans (33%) say the United States is providing too much military assistance to Israel. 

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Eight-in-ten Americans say they are at least somewhat concerned about starvation among Palestinians in Gaza, Israeli military strikes killing Palestinian civilians and the remaining Israeli hostages not being returned to Israel.

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Eight-in-ten Americans say they are at least somewhat concerned about starvation among Palestinians in Gaza, Israeli military strikes killing Palestinian civilians and the remaining Israeli hostages not being returned to Israel.

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How Americans Encounter vs. Seek News on Social Platforms

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How Americans Encounter vs. Seek News on Social Platforms

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Where Americans Get News: Few Regularly on Most Platforms, Majority Reason Only on X”

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Where Americans Get News: Few Regularly on Most Platforms, Majority Reason Only on X”

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Instagram and Threads will stop recommending political content

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Instagram and Threads will stop recommending political content

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Instagram and Threads Users can choose to opt back in to seeing content related to laws, elections, and social topics in their recommended feeds, and they’ll still see accounts they follow.

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The U.S. media system fits into the liberal model

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Michel Foucault's Conception of Discourse as Knowledge and Power

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Core Reason of Opinion Polarization:

The division of moral opinions in America is closely linked to the country’s liberal media system. This system fragments audiences into increasingly segmented groups, which amplifies differences in moral perspectives.

Role and Function of the Media:

The media is not merely a reflector of reality. It helps people to define what is considered truth and justice through discourse, knowledge, and certain power structures.

The liberal nature of the American media system is a core reason why public opinion on the Israeli-Palestinian conflict is deeply divided.

Commercial goals lead to audience segmentation, which strengthens political differences among American citizens.

There is no real neutral form of media. All forms of media carry a subjective starting point, and the media is a site for power and discourse to reproduce.

Social media platforms regulate user content to gain their interest. X increases engagement by highlighting controversy; Instagram filters content to keep its platform image, limiting speech related to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict; TikTok uses emotional content to attract more users. These profit logics determine the behaviors of a platform’s users and shape the image of a platform. As a result, the ethical frameworks of platforms naturally divide because of user behaviors.

TV networks also guide audiences to form ideologies by their chosen content: CNN focuses on humanitarian stories, Fox News on conservative narratives, and MSNBC on liberal perspectives.

Print media like The New York Times appear diverse but still follow limited narrative frames.

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texts ➡️ the podcast

https://drive.google.com/file/d/13-Q_Xl2OATcrABvov2nutHaeSRQccyUb/view?usp=sharing

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Younger Americans sympathize more with Palestinians than older Americans do

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Younger Americans sympathize more with Palestinians than older Americans do

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The Illusion of Objectivity: How the New York Times Framed the Israel–Hamas War

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The Illusion of Objectivity: How the New York Times Framed the Israel–Hamas War

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The New York Times published two contrasting opinions.
Yet both share the same moral boundary: Israel’s right to self-defense is never questioned.

What looks like diversity is a controlled dualism.
As Foucault suggests, power shapes what can be known and said.

https://www.nytimes.com/2023/10/09/opinion/israel-hamas-attack.html?searchResultPosition=2

https://www.nytimes.com/2023/10/17/opinion/israel-gaza-invasion-mistake.html?searchResultPosition=4

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Word Clouds:Same Words, Different Voices

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Word Clouds:Same Words, Different Voices

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After removing “Israel,” “Hamas,” and “Gaza,” both articles still share nearly identical moral vocabularies — attack, war, america, power.

They debate HOW Israel should respond. They never question WHETHER Israel—as an occupying power—has the "right" to respond. "Occupation" appears 0 times.

Debate within boundaries, but never question the boundaries themselves.

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Typification: Shared Framework Across "Opposing" Views

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Typification: Shared Framework Across "Opposing" Views

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Both articles—despite opposing views—share the same typification: Hamas = aggressor Israel = legitimate defender with rights → Debate happens within this frame. The frame itself is never questioned. This is how media systems construct moral reality through narrative structure.

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Please give suggestions for our group assignment. BIG THANKS!!

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Please give suggestions for our group assignment. BIG THANKS!!

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you can comment under this post.

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the New York Times has a vedio section all about Israel-Hamas War

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Israel-Hamas War - The New York Times (Published 2023)

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Israel and Hamas have reached a cease-fire deal in Gaza, but the hard part starts now. David Sanger of The New York Times describes the major obstacles to further agreement about Gaza’s immediate future.

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https://drive.google.com/file/d/1mQ01sLB7l6hoz-jWKJm1w2x8S2JTvvC4/view

bubblemerge.com

:Media

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Frame theory explains how the media selects certain aspects of reality and presents them in a way that influences how an audience perceives and interprets an issue.

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https://truthlytics.com/cnn-and-msnbc-dying-for-israel/CNN’s viewership dropped 40% compared to the same period last year, while MSNBC lost 23% of its audience.

Some progressives claim the networks have leaned heavily toward pro-Israel coverage, echoing U.S. government talking points without delving deeply into the humanitarian crises faced by Palestinians. This has led younger, left-leaning audiences—once a core demographic for MSNBC—to abandon the network for independent voices on platforms like TikTok, YouTube, and Instagram.

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Agenda-setting theory by McCombs and Shaw

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Agenda-setting theory by McCombs and Shaw

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The media don’t tell us what to think, but they do tell us what to think about. By deciding which stories dominate the headlines, they decide what feels urgent or morally important.

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https://cnnpressroom.blogs.cnn.com/2023/10/12/cnn-coverage-of-the-israel-hamas-war/

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CNN producer tried to flee Gaza with his family. Hear why he had to turn back

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CNN continues to cover the unprecedented crisis unfolding in the aftermath of Hamas’ attack on Israel, with correspondents in key positions across the region. CNN Chief International Correspondent Clarissa Ward is reporting live from Tel Aviv.

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CNN interviews Malaysia’s prime minister 

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CNN interviews Malaysia’s prime minister 

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Anwar Ibrahim CNN Interview with Richard Quest - Israel's Right To Exist + Defend Itself

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2.9M views · 44K reactions | Watch the full exclusive interview as The Prime Minister of Israel responds to Bret Baier following the terror regime of Iran’s missile blitz. | 

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Fox News interviews Israel's prime minister 

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Fox News interviews Israel's prime minister 

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2.9M views · 44K reactions | Watch the full exclusive interview as The Prime Minister of Israel responds to Bret Baier following the terror regime of Iran’s missile blitz. | Fox News

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Watch the full exclusive interview as The Prime Minister of Israel responds to Bret Baier following the terror regime of Iran’s missile blitz.