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Definition: A scrape where only the top skin is rubbed off.

Initial Care: Wash with soap and water. Put on a bandage.

Post Care: Keep it clean. No doctor usually needed.

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Definition: A clean, straight cut from a very sharp object.

Initial Care: Press hard to stop bleeding. Clean gently.

Post Care: If it's deep, you need stitches or glue. See a doctor.

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Definition: A small hole that goes deep into the body.

Initial Care: Do not pull out the object if it is stuck. Clean the skin around it.

Post Care: Go to the doctor right away for cleaning and a tetanus shot.

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Definition: Skin and tissue are partially or completely torn away, leaving a flap.

Initial Care: Press hard to stop severe bleeding. Keep the torn-off part clean and cool.

Post Care: Go to the hospital right away for surgery and repair.

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Definition: A clean, straight cut from a very sharp object.

Initial Care: Press hard to stop bleeding. Clean gently.

Post Care: If it's deep, you need stitches or glue. See a doctor.

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Definition: A bruise where blood vessels under the skin break from a hit.

Initial Care: Use ice. Rest the area.

Post Care: No doctor or stitches needed unless it's very bad.

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Definition: A big lump under the skin where a lot of blood has pooled.

Initial Care: Use ice and light pressure.

Post Care: Usually heals alone. A doctor might have to drain it if it's too big.

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Definition: Damage to skin from fire, heat, electricity, or chemicals.

Initial Care: Cool with running water for 10–20 minutes.

Post Care: See a doctor for blisters or major burns. May need skin grafts.

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Universal Precaution means you must treat all blood and fluids as if they carry germs to protect yourself and the injured person. To practice this, the main thing you need is gloves to create a barrier. You also need clean supplies like gauze and bandages.

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To take off gloves safely, pinch the outside of one glove at the wrist and pull it off, turning it inside out. Hold it in your other gloved hand. Then, slide your clean fingers under the second glove's wrist and pull it off, trapping the first glove inside the second. Throw the whole dirty bundle away right away, and then wash your hands.

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You can spot an infection if the wound shows swelling, spreading redness, increased pain, heat, or starts oozing pus. If you see these signs, you must see a doctor. They will clean it and give you antibiotics to kill the germs.

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To properly clean a wound, first wash your hands and put on gloves. Use mild soap and water to gently wash the wound, cleaning from the center outward. Rinse well, pat the skin around it dry, and then cover it completely with a sterile bandage to keep germs out.

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The correct way to throw away contaminated items is to put them inside a sealable plastic bag. Seal the bag tightly and then place it in the trash. This is important because it stops the spread of diseases to other people who handle the garbage.

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Handwashing is required before putting on gloves to keep germs off the wound, and after taking gloves off to clean your hands from any possible germs. To wash properly, use soap and water, scrubbing your hands for at least 20 seconds, rinsing well, and drying with a clean towel.

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Signs of too much bleeding include blood spurting out or the bandage getting soaked very quickly. The injured person might look pale and confused. The immediate steps are to call 911, apply firm, direct pressure on the wound with a clean cloth, and raise the injured area above the heart, keeping pressure on the wound until help arrives.

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It's important to keep a wound covered because the bandage acts as a barrier to block germs and helps the wound stay slightly moist for faster healing. You should change the dressing at least once a day. You must change it immediately if it gets wet, dirty, or soaked with fluid from the wound.