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In 1521, an explorer named Ferdinand Magellan, sailing under the flag of Spain, landed on the shores of the Philippines. This marked the beginning of the Spanish influence in the country. Magellan managed to make alliances with some of the local leaders, but was eventually killed in the Battle of Mactan, led by the local chief Lapu-Lapu.

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1565: Establishment of Spanish Settlements

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1565: Establishment of Spanish Settlements

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With the arrival of Miguel López de Legazpi from Spain in 1565, the first permanent Spanish settlements were established in Cebu. This began the colonization period that would last for over 300 years. Legazpi formed alliances with local leaders and spread Christianity.

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In 1571, Manila was founded by Miguel López de Legazpi and became the capital of the Spanish colony. Manila was strategically located and became a vital center of military, religious, and economic activity. The establishment of Manila allowed the Spanish to control and influence the entire archipelago.

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In 1599, the Dagami revolt was one of the earliest recorded Filipino rebellions against Spanish rule. The Dagami, led by Dagami warriors, displayed the Filipinos' resistance and fight for freedom amidst the colonization.

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The Sumoroy Rebellion in 1649 was a major uprising against Spanish colonial rule, led by Juan Ponce Sumoroy. It was sparked by forced labor and the collection of tributes, showcasing the Filipinos' continued resistance to Spanish rule.

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During the Seven Years' War, British forces occupied Manila from 1762 to 1764. This brief occupation showed the vulnerability of Spanish rule in the Philippines but also led to strengthened Spanish defenses and increased military presence afterwards.

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In 1872, the execution of three Filipino priests, Mariano Gomez, Jose Burgos, and Jacinto Zamora, known as Gomburza, sparked nationalist sentiments among Filipinos. Their execution was a key event that further fueled the desire for independence from Spanish rule.

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1896: Start of the Philippine Revolution

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1896: Start of the Philippine Revolution

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The Philippine Revolution began in 1896, led by Andres Bonifacio and the Katipunan. This marked the beginning of the Filipinos' fight for independence from Spain. The revolution was a pivotal moment, showing the Filipinos' determination to govern themselves.

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1898: Declaration of Philippine Independence

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1898: Declaration of Philippine Independence

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On June 12, 1898, the Philippines declared independence from Spain. This was a significant milestone in Filipino history, representing the culmination of years of struggle for freedom. It marked the end of Spanish colonization but also the beginning of a new chapter under American rule.

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The Treaty of Paris was signed in December 1898, ending the Spanish-American War and ceding the Philippine Islands from Spain to the United States for $20 million. This treaty officially ended Spanish rule in the Philippines but started a new era of American colonization.