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Phonemic Awareness- The ability to notice, think about, and work with the individual sounds (phonemes) in spoken words. Manipulating the sounds in words includes blending, stretching, or otherwise changing words.

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Phonemic Awareness- The ability to notice, think about, and work with the individual sounds (phonemes) in spoken words. Manipulating the sounds in words includes blending, stretching, or otherwise changing words.

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Strategy- Sing songs and nursery rhymes

Rhymes help children understand that sounds in our language have meaning and follow certain patterns. Have fun reading and reciting songs and nursery rhymes together and exaggerate the rhyming words to highlight the different sounds in each word.

Resources- Orton-Gillingham- This program uses a multi-sensory approach to developing reading ability and works with students in a 1 on 1 setting to help promote phonic comprehension.

Wilson- This program uses phonetic strategies to help readers of different ties to improve their word recognition ability

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Phonics- Phonics involves matching the sounds of spoken English with individual letters or groups of letters. For example, the sound k can be spelled as c, k, ck or ch. Teaching children to blend the sounds of letters together helps them decode unfamiliar or unknown words by sounding them out. For example, when a child is taught the sounds for the letters t, p, a and s, they can start to build up the words: “tap”, “taps”, “pat”, “pats” and “sat”.

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Phonics- Phonics involves matching the sounds of spoken English with individual letters or groups of letters. For example, the sound k can be spelled as c, k, ck or ch. Teaching children to blend the sounds of letters together helps them decode unfamiliar or unknown words by sounding them out. For example, when a child is taught the sounds for the letters t, p, a and s, they can start to build up the words: “tap”, “taps”, “pat”, “pats” and “sat”.

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Strategy-Syllable Sort

Create a chart with a label for each known syllable type (open, closed, Magic -e, vowel team). Have students choose a syllable card from a deck, identify the syllable type, and write it on the chart. Continue until all cards have been played.

Resources- Duolingo ABC - Learn to Read

Variety of drills offer solid, thorough approach to reading fundamentals

Hooked on Phonics

Well-known curriculum adapts well to fun, easy-to-use app

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Fluency- is the ability to read with accuracy, speed, and expression, and to understand and comprehend text. It's the third pillar of literacy and is a key skill for becoming a strong reader.

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Fluency- is the ability to read with accuracy, speed, and expression, and to understand and comprehend text. It's the third pillar of literacy and is a key skill for becoming a strong reader.

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Strategies- Model fluency with read-aloud activities.Reading aloud to kids is important for so many reasons, but one of the best is that it teaches kids what fluency sounds like. Adults can model expression, phrasing, pace, and so much more when they read to kids.

Resources- 12 Fabulously Funny Fairy Tale Plays

These 12 classic fairy tales, transformed into humorous read-aloud plays, engage even the most reluctant readers and help your students develop the skills they need to become successful readers.

The Jumbo Book of Sight Word Practice Pages

With these sight word practice pages, your students will master every essential sight word through matching activities, fun word mazes, engaging puzzles, and more

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Vocabulary-  is the knowledge of words, including their structure, use, meanings, and links to other words. It's an important part of literacy teaching and plays a fundamental role in the reading process. Vocabulary helps readers understand what they are reading, and contributes to oral comprehension and early literacy.

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Vocabulary-  is the knowledge of words, including their structure, use, meanings, and links to other words. It's an important part of literacy teaching and plays a fundamental role in the reading process. Vocabulary helps readers understand what they are reading, and contributes to oral comprehension and early literacy.

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Strategy- Grocery store vocabulary

Use the items on the grocery shelf to give your child practice finding something above their belly button, below their nose, on the bottom shelf, and between other items on a shelf. Opportunities to use superlatives, those little endings that help describe size, are all around the grocery store. Have your child find a big fruit, a bigger fruit and the biggest fruit in the produce section. What’s the smallest item in the cart? The largest item?

Resources- Scholastic W.O.R.D. maximizes instructional time with a laser focus on the words that matter most in literacy and life.

Hands of the Carpenter- ENHANCE YOUR KID’S VOCABULARY: TIPS AND STRATEGIES

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Comprehension: Activities for your kindergartener. Reading Rockets. (2024). https://www.readingrockets.org/literacy-home/reading-101-guide-parents/your-kindergartener/comprehension-activities

25 fantastic reading fluency activities to build literacy in young readers. We Are Teachers. (2023, July 27). https://www.weareteachers.com/reading-fluency-activities/

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Comprehension- is the ability to process written text, understand its meaning, and integrate it with what the reader already knows. It's an interactive and strategic process that involves analyzing, internalizing, and making the text one's own.

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Comprehension- is the ability to process written text, understand its meaning, and integrate it with what the reader already knows. It's an interactive and strategic process that involves analyzing, internalizing, and making the text one's own.

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Strategy- Five-finger retell

After reading a story together, have your child tell you five things about the story, using her fingers to talk about each one:

1. Characters: who was in the story?

2. Setting: where did the story take place?

3. Events: what happened in the story?

4. End: how did the story end?

5. Favorite character or part of the story

Resources:

Preventing Academic Failure- This program focuses on helping students who show signs of reading development issues by working to improve their fundamental reading skills.

Cultivating Literacy- lessons that are designed for children ages 4-7 years old and provide helpful tips for parents. The program focuses on each component of the five foundations of reading!

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Reading Components Online Bulletin Board

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Vocabulary knowledge is a major building block in children’s early literacy development. It provides the foundation for learning to decode and comprehend text. Many children, especially English language learners, need support in acquiring the substantial vocabulary they need to become good readers” (Silverman, 2024).

Strategy- Guide children to compare and contrast words- “For children to develop depth of vocabulary knowledge, they need to be exposed to the definitions of words and examples of words, but they also need to think critically about the meaning of words and how words are related. This can be done by asking them to think of synonyms or antonyms of words. In order to encourage children’s depth of word knowledge, it is important to guide children to critically think about words. This can be done by asking children to think about whether words would be appropriate in various new contexts” (Silverman, 2024).

Resources-

1. ESL GamesPlus- This is an incredible resource that provides interactive opportunities to help teach vocabulary. It is very beneficial for ESL learners because it provides them with the opportunity to see the words translated in an easy to read method to help promote comprehension of a new vocabulary.

2. Educaplay- This resource allows learners to master new vocabulary by solving fun games and puzzles that help provide unique insight to different words and their meanings.

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Comprehension in the inclusive classroom

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Comprehension in the inclusive classroom

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“With careful and creative planning, literacy instruction can be adapted to meet the needs of every student in the classroom. Many learners with disabilities are visual learners and are best able to understand and remember content when they can see it represented in some way; in other words, they need to “see what we mean.” (Reading Rockets, 2024).

Strategy- Shared Reading- “Shared reading is an instructional activity in which students read with the teacher. The goals of shared reading include reinforcing letter-sound correspondences and concepts about print, exposing students to a variety of texts, prompting high-order thinking and rich conversations, and helping students perceive themselves as readers” (Reading Rockets, 2024).

Resources-

1. Sharpen- This is a program designed to allow students to work in the virtual setting with their own private tutor as they practice different strategies to develop their ability to comprehend different academic texts. This resource is excellent for ESL students because it allows them to work with a tutor and have the text translated to help promote their ability to understand.

2. ReadWorks- ReadWorks is a program that allows students to read and answer questions from different passages on a multitude of different reading levels. It allows the students to work through their errors, and develop their reading comprehension ability at their own pace.

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Five resources to support the components of reading

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Five resources to support the components of reading

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1. 20 Ways to Adapt the Read Aloud in the Inclusive Classroom; Link- https://www.readingrockets.org/topics/autism-spectrum-disorder/articles/20-ways-adapt-read-aloud-inclusive-classroom

2. Recognizing Different Types of Readers on the Autism Spectrum; Link- https://www.readingrockets.org/topics/autism-spectrum-disorder/articles/recognizing-different-types-readers-autism-spectrum

3. Reading Literacy and Comprehension Curriculum for Students on the Autism Spectrum; Link- https://www.readingrockets.org/topics/autism-spectrum-disorder/articles/reading-literacy-and-comprehension-curriculum-students

4. The Benefits of Creating an Inclusive Reading Program; Link- https://www.beanstack.com/blog/the-benefits-of-creating-an-inclusive-reading-program

5. Including Literacy Instruction in Daily Schedules for Students with Autism; Link- https://www.readingrockets.org/topics/autism-spectrum-disorder/articles/including-literacy-instruction-daily-schedules-students

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Reading Components Online Bulletin Part 2