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Cave painting is an expression of creativity performed by primitive humans during the prehistoric era. The form of art is done on the interiors of caves, the paintings often feature animals such as bison, horses and even deer, with some being of the oldest evidence of artistic skill.

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Stonehenge is a prehistoric monument constructed from neolithic stone circles that were constructed in several phases between 3000 and 1520 . It is made up of enormous standing stones, known as sarsens, and smaller bluestones that were transported from Wales, a distance of around 200 miles.

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Sumerians built impressive religious structures, most notably ziggurats- massive, stepped pyramid-like temples dedicated to their gods. the ziggurat at Ur, for example, was dedicated to the moon god nanna

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The Code of Hammurabi is one of the oldest and most complete written legal codes from ancient times. It was created by Hammurabi, the sixth king of the Babylonian Empire, who ruled from around 1792 BCE to 1750 BCE. The Code consists of 282 laws inscribed on a large stone stele (a type of monument) and is considered one of the earliest examples of the rule of law in human history.

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The Ishtar Gate was the eighth gate to the inner city of Babylon, constructed around 575 BCE by order of King Nebuchadnezzar II. It is one of the most iconic architectural achievements of ancient Mesopotamia and is named after Ishtar, the Babylonian goddess of love, war, and fertility.

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King Solomon's Temple, also known as the First Temple, was actually the original Jewish temple in Jerusalem, built in the 10th century BCE. When people refer to the Second Temple, they're speaking of the temple that was rebuilt after the destruction of Solomon’s Temple not a second structure built by Solomon himself.

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The Temple of Hatshepsut, also known as Djeser-Djeseru ("Holy of Holies"), is a stunning ancient mortuary temple built for Queen Hatshepsut, one of ancient Egypt’s few female pharaohs. It is considered one of the architectural masterpieces of ancient Egypt.

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Nefertiti was one of the most famous and powerful queens of ancient Egypt, best known for her striking beauty and prominent role during a revolutionary period in Egyptian history.

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The Great Bath is one of the most iconic architectural features of the Indus Valley Civilization, located in the ancient city of Mohenjo-daro (in present-day Pakistan). It is considered one of the earliest known public water tanks in the ancient world.

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The Toreador Fresco, also known as the Bull-Leaping Fresco, is one of the most famous works of art from the Minoan civilization of ancient Crete, and it provides a vivid glimpse into the culture, rituals, and aesthetics of Bronze Age Greece.

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The Mask of Agamemnon is a world-famous gold funerary mask discovered at the ancient site of Mycenae in Greece. Despite its name, it likely does not depict the historical Agamemnon, the legendary king from Homer’s Iliad, but it remains a powerful symbol of Mycenaean civilization and early Greek art.

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An amphora from Archaic Greece is a type of two-handled ceramic jar used for storing and transporting goods like wine, oil, grain, or water. Amphorae were both functional and decorative, and during the Archaic period (circa 700–480 BCE), they also became important canvases for artistic and mythological expression.

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The Discobolus (also known as the Discus Thrower) is one of the most iconic sculptures from ancient Greece, celebrated for its depiction of athleticism, balance, and idealized human form. It captures a dramatic yet controlled moment in the act of throwing a discus.

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The Parthenon is the most iconic symbol of ancient Greece and Classical architecture, built as a temple dedicated to Athena Parthenos, the patron goddess of Athens. Located atop the Acropolis, it exemplifies the height of Athenian power, wealth, and cultural achievement in the 5th century BCE.

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The Laocoön Group is one of the most famous and emotionally powerful sculptures from ancient Greece, though it was created in Hellenistic times (around 1st century BCE). It is celebrated for its dramatic portrayal of suffering, anguish, and the human form, and is considered a masterpiece of Greek sculpture.

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The Etruscan civilization played a crucial role in the early history of Rome and had a lasting influence on Roman culture, religion, architecture, and art. The Etruscans were an ancient people who lived in the region of Etruria (modern-day Tuscany, parts of Lazio, and Umbria) in central Italy, from around the 8th century BCE until the 3rd century BCE when they were absorbed by Rome.

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The Augustus of Prima Porta is one of the most famous statues of the first Roman Emperor, Augustus. It represents both Augustus’ military prowess and his role as the leader of the Roman Empire, using art as a tool for political propaganda.

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The Pantheon is one of the most remarkable and well-preserved buildings of ancient Rome, renowned for its architectural innovation, engineering, and monumental beauty. It is a symbol of Roman power, religious devotion, and architectural mastery, and it remains a significant influence on Western architecture today.

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The Colosseum, also known as the Flavian Amphitheater, is one of the most iconic symbols of ancient Rome and a testament to the grandeur and power of the Roman Empire. It is a marvel of engineering and architecture, as well as a symbol of Roman culture and entertainment. The Colosseum is located in the heart of Rome and continues to attract millions of visitors each year.

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The Hagia Sophia (meaning "Holy Wisdom") is one of the most iconic and historically significant buildings in the world. Located in Istanbul, Turkey, it has served multiple purposes over the centuries, from a church to a mosque, and now a museum. The Hagia Sophia is renowned for its architectural beauty, historical significance, and its role as a symbol of both Byzantine and Ottoman heritage.

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The Justinian Mosaic is one of the most important and iconic mosaics in the Hagia Sophia, and it represents a significant moment in the history of both the Byzantine Empire and the Christian Church. The mosaic depicts Emperor Justinian I, one of the most powerful and influential Byzantine rulers, and is part of a larger program of mosaics in the Hagia Sophia that convey the grandeur and divine sanction of the emperor.

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Leonardo da Vinci (often simply referred to as Leonardo) is one of the most famous and influential figures in the history of art, science, and engineering. A true Renaissance man, he was a painter, scientist, engineer, architect, and inventor, whose work spans numerous disciplines. His genius continues to inspire and fascinate people across the world even centuries after his death.

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Raphael (full name: Raffaello Sanzio da Urbino) was one of the most renowned and influential painters of the Italian Renaissance. His works are known for their clarity, harmony, and emotional depth, and he played a significant role in the development of Renaissance art alongside artists like Leonardo da Vinci and Michelangelo. Raphael's ability to balance beauty with intellectual depth made him a beloved figure in both his time and for centuries after.

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Michelangelo Buonarroti (1475–1564) was one of the most influential figures in the history of Western art, and his genius as a sculptor, painter, architect, and poet made him a central figure of the Italian Renaissance. His work is celebrated for its emotional intensity, detailed depiction of the human body, and pioneering innovations in both artistic technique and conceptual themes.

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Donatello (c. 1386–1466), born Donatello di Niccolò di Betto Bardi, was one of the most influential sculptors of the Italian Renaissance. He is often regarded as one of the fathers of Renaissance sculpture for his innovative use of perspective, naturalism, and his pioneering techniques that bridged the gap between the Middle Ages and the Renaissance. Donatello’s work had a profound impact on the development of sculpture and influenced many artists who followed, including Michelangelo, Leonardo da Vinci, and Raphael.