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On November 6, 1860, Abraham Lincoln was elected as President of the United States.

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On December 20, 1860, South Carolina secedes from the Union.

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The Battle of Fort Sumter took place on April 12, 1861 and ended on April 13, 1861. This battle started at Charleston Harbor, South Carolina. This battle ended in the Confederates winning. The total estimate of casualties was 0.

Citations:

“Battle of Fredericksburg Facts & Summary.” American Battlefield Trust, 11 Dec. 2018, www.battlefields.org/learn/civil-war/battles/fredericksburg.

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The First Battle of Bull Run took place on July 21, 1861. The First Battle of Bull Run was also the first major battle during the Civil War, which was launched by Union general Irvin McDowell. There were nearly 900 men killed and more than 2,700 men wounded. The battle became a decisive Confederate victory.

Citations:

Heidler, David S. and Jeanne T. Heidler. "First Battle of Bull Run." American History, ABC-CLIO, 2025, americanhistory.abc-clio.com/Search/Display/276438. Accessed 29 Jan. 2025.

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On February 22, 1862, Jefferson Davis became President of the Confederate States of America.

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The Battle of Antietam took place during the Civil War on September 17, 1862. The battle was fought at Antietam Creek near the village of Sharpsburg, Maryland. The people who won the battle were the Federals. But in spite of winning the battle, the Federals were still criticized for not inflicting more of a resounding defeat on the Confederates with their enormously superior numbers. Both sides also had losses of more than 50%.

Citations:

"Battle of Antietam." American History, ABC-CLIO, 2025, americanhistory.abc-clio.com/Search/Display/253190. Accessed 28 Jan. 2025.

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The Battle of Fredericksburg took place on December 11-15, 1862. The Battle of Fredericksburg was at Stafford, Virginia and Spotsylvania, Virginia. The side that won were the Confederates. The amount of casualties there were are an estimate of 18,500.

Citations:

“Battle of Fredericksburg Facts & Summary.” American Battlefield Trust, 11 Dec. 2018, www.battlefields.org/learn/civil-war/battles/fredericksburg.

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The Battle of Chancellorsville took place on April 30-May 6, 1863. The battle was fought at Spotsylvania County, Virginia. The side who won were the Confederates. The estimated amount of casualties are 30,764.

Citations:

“Battle of Fredericksburg Facts & Summary.” American Battlefield Trust, 11 Dec. 2018, www.battlefields.org/learn/civil-war/battles/fredericksburg.

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The Second Battle of Bull Run took place on August 29-August 30, 1862. The place this battle was fought at is at Prince William, Virginia and Fairfax Counties, Virginia. This battle had a Confederate victory and had an estimated amount of 21,849 casualties.

Citations:

“Battle of Fredericksburg Facts & Summary.” American Battlefield Trust, 11 Dec. 2018, www.battlefields.org/learn/civil-war/battles/fredericksburg.

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The Battle of Gettysburg took place on July 1-3, 1863. The battle was fought in the region of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania. This battle had a union victory. The estimated casualties were 51,112.

Citations:

Heidler, David S. and Jeanne T. Heidler. "Battle of Gettysburg." American History, ABC-CLIO, 2025, americanhistory.abc-clio.com/Search/Display/252843. Accessed 29 Jan. 2025.

American Battlefield Trust. “Battle of Gettysburg Facts & Summary.” American Battlefield Trust, American Battlefield Trust, 3 July 2018, www.battlefields.org/learn/civil-war/battles/gettysburg.

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Lee Surrenders to General Ulysses S. Grant

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Lee Surrenders to General Ulysses S. Grant

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On April 9, 1865, Robert E. Lee surrenders to Union General Ulysses S. Grant.