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Williams, Kate. Becoming Queen Victoria. Random House Publishing Group, 2016.

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Event #1: Decline of the Hanoverian Dynasty

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Event #1: Decline of the Hanoverian Dynasty

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Summary: For the British monarchy, the 19th century was not a great time at all. There was infighting, excessive spending, and negligent choices throughout the House of Hanover. The public had grown tired of the monarchy's weakness and vulnerability as a result of years and years of waste and scandal. Someone was expected to intervene and restore order, restoring the legitimacy of the crown in the process. It seemed obvious that a new royal succession might be the solution to the problem.

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Summary: With royal scandals and questions of who was really in line for the throne making headlines, the pressure was on to find a legitimate heir. King George III’s kids were making a mess of things, which only made the public and politicians even more desperate for a stable successor. This also brought to light the urgent need to do some work on the monarchy. All of this set the stage for someone totally unexpected to become a symbol of hope.

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Event #3: Birth and Early Life of Princess Charlotte

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Event #3: Birth and Early Life of Princess Charlotte

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Summary: Princess Charlotte was positioned from the beginning as the monarchy's prospective rescue, the only legal heir of George IV, despite coming from a royal family that was almost drowning in disorder and burdened by unrealistic expectations. In order to shape her into a future queen who could rebuild public trust, her upbringing was carefully planned.

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Event #4: Public Idealization and Familial Tensions

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Event #4: Public Idealization and Familial Tensions

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Summary: Although everyone viewed Charlotte as the princess from a fairy tale, she actually had a troubled and uncaring existence behind closed doors. The public wanted her to represent a more promising future for the monarchy. But her youth was characterized by the family's constant arguments and lack of genuine devotion. This disparity between the public's perception of her and the reality predicted the impending disaster.

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Event #5: Charlotte’s Marriage to Prince Leopold

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Event #5: Charlotte’s Marriage to Prince Leopold

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Summary: Charlotte was essentially given to Prince Leopold to secure the future of the monarchy; their marriage appeared to be more a matter of political ploy than true love. Securing the royal bloodline and maybe winning back the public's support were the goals. In the hopes that it would provide some stability and, of course, result in an heir, everyone had high hopes for this marriage. But in spite of all the aspirations, the demands of monarchy overshadowed everything.

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Event #6: The Tragic Death of Princess Charlotte

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Event #6: The Tragic Death of Princess Charlotte

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Summary: The country went into grief when Charlotte tragically died shortly after giving birth to a stillborn child. Her unexpected passing not only put out the hope that the nation had placed in her, but it also threw the royal succession into utter disarray. The immense sorrow that engulfed Britain exposed the monarchy's weakness as well as the seriousness of preserving the hereditary succession. Among the surviving heirs, this terrible loss led to wild desperation.

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Princess Charlotte of Wales died after a 50 hour labour aged only 21

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Event #7: The Scramble Among the Royal Siblings

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Event #7: The Scramble Among the Royal Siblings

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Summary: Following Charlotte's passing, the royal siblings engaged in a bitter struggle to choose a suitable heir. The problem was made worse by the controversial personal lives and erratic behavior of several of George III's sons. Public sentiment and political parties agreed that a legitimate successor was desperately needed to bring stability back. In the end, an unexpected person emerged as a result of this desperate effort.

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Event #8: The Duke of Kent’s Marriage to Victoire

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Event #8: The Duke of Kent’s Marriage to Victoire

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Summary: One of George III's less disgraced sons, the Duke of Kent, formed a strategic partnership with Victoire of Leiningen during the succession crisis. Their union was a strategic decision to create a legitimate successor as well as a significant personal milestone. This union established the foundation for future succession and offered a ray of hope to a monarchy in decline. The royal line would soon change as a result of this significant turning point.
The problem was made worse by the scandalous personal lives and debaucherous habits of several of George III's sons. Public sentiment and political parties agreed that a legitimate successor was desperately needed to bring stability back. In the end, an unexpected contender emerged as a result of this desperate effort.

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Summary: Amidst a severe succession issue, Princess Victoria was born on May 24, 1819, serving as a fresh light for the royal family. After the tragedy of Charlotte's death, her arrival was viewed as a miracle. Victoria's birth was expected to ensure the monarchy's survival and boost popular trust. In British royal history, it signaled the start of a new era.

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Event #10: Loss of the Duke of Kent and Victoria’s Upbringing

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Event #10: Loss of the Duke of Kent and Victoria’s Upbringing

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Summary: The tragic death of her father, the Duke of Kent, during Victoria's early years left her defenseless and cut off from a typical family setting. A childhood characterized by severe control and loneliness was exacerbated by this significant personal loss. She was raised apart from the normal experiences of childhood in order to prepare her for the throne. Her character and future resolve were profoundly impacted by the lack of father support.

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Summary: Victoria was raised under the harsh Kensington System, which her mother and the cunning Sir John Conroy had created. To make sure she lived up to the standards of a future king, every part of her life was watched carefully. Despite being put in place to keep her safe, this rigid system suppressed her uniqueness and kept her away from everyday social situations. Her eventual resistance and need for freedom were sparked by the unrelenting control.

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Summary: Victoria started to show exceptional intelligence and a natural drive for freedom despite the confining limitations of her early surroundings. Her solitary experiences and demanding schooling cultivated a critical mind that challenged the current quo. Early signs of her tenacity and insight foreshadowed the powerful monarch she would grow into. Her natural curiosity and perseverance were evident even inside the Kensington System.

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Summary: Victoria became resentful of Sir John Conroy's and her mother's overbearing oversight. Given the strict regimentation and solitude she was subjected to, this simmering discontent was a normal response. Her will to forge her own will and rebel against oppressive powers was strengthened by the oppressive surroundings. Her approach as a sovereign would later be shaped by her early inclinations of insurrection.

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Event #14:  Securing Victoria as Heir Presumptive

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Event #14:  Securing Victoria as Heir Presumptive

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Summary: Court factions and political strategists planned a number of moves to establish Victoria as the legitimate heir in the chaotic wake of Charlotte's passing. Behind closed doors, powerful people allied themselves to crush any opposition to her ascension. Victoria would be in a position to take the throne despite her youth because to these deliberate preparations. Her claim's strategic placement had a crucial role in determining the monarchy's fate.

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A Newspaper about Queen Victoria's Coronation.

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Summary: After King William IV passed away on June 20, 1837, the young Princess Victoria took the kingdom at the age of 18. Her coronation was a significant turning point that represented the British monarchy's regeneration and continuation. She had the formidable task of establishing her legitimacy after taking office in the face of severe political pressure and public scrutiny. This historic occasion marked the start of a rule that would reshape the organization for future generations.

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Event #16: Establishing Her Own Court and First Official Acts

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Event #16: Establishing Her Own Court and First Official Acts

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Summary: By creating an independent court and carrying out her first formal actions, Queen Victoria started to establish her power in the early years of her reign. She took decisive action to create a contemporary monarchy because she was determined to escape the limitations of her history. Her early choices were a combination of her young will and the weighty responsibilities of national leadership. The foundation for a ruler who would someday have broad respect and influence was created by these early deeds.

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Summary: Victoria's determination to cut off the poisonous influence of Sir John Conroy and her mother was one of her most notable early actions as queen. She quickly fired people who had long controlled her life, demonstrating her unwavering will to rule on her own terms. Her independence was affirmed by this significant breach, which was also a forceful political statement and a personal release. She established a model for a contemporary, confident monarchy by taking back control of her own fate.

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Event #18: Relationship with Lord Melbourne

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Event #18: Relationship with Lord Melbourne

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Summary: Queen Victoria formed a vital partnership with her first prime minister, Lord Melbourne, in recognition of the challenging learning curve involved in leading a contemporary state. She was given the steadiness she required to handle the early difficulties of her reign by his knowledge of politics and mentoring. In addition to providing useful advice, their collaboration represented the fusion of young vitality with experienced leadership. The transformation of the monarchy into a more responsive and progressive institution was made possible in large part by this partnership.

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Queen Victoria and Prince Albert's wedding photo

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Event #19: Courtship and Marriage to Prince Albert

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Event #19: Courtship and Marriage to Prince Albert

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Summary: Queen Victoria's relationship and marriage to Prince Albert in 1840 marked a turning point in her personal life. Their union was hailed as a strategic collaboration that would modernize the monarchy in addition to being a romantic one. Albert's intelligence, hard work, and encouraging demeanor enhanced Victoria's inherent qualities and contributed to the stability of her rule. This royal union, which represented both political advancement and personal devotion, became a pillar of the Victorian era.

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Summary: During the early years of her rule, Queen Victoria worked to modernize the British monarchy by adopting changes that made it more accessible to the general public. She abandoned the antiquated accoutrements of a remote royal court and actively participated in public life. Her attempts to strike a balance between tradition and advancement reshaped the crown's function in a society that was changing quickly. These groundbreaking actions set the stage for a constitutional monarchy that matched the goals of a contemporary country.

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