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The 2019 coronavirus disease, better known as COVID-19 and incorrectly called coronavirus pneumonia, is an infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2.

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The contagion can be prevented with frequent hand washing, or failing that, disinfecting them with alcohol gel, covering the mouth when coughing or sneezing, either with bleeding (sunken part of the arm opposite the elbow) or with a handkerchief and avoiding close contact with other people, among other prophylactic measures, such as the use of masks. In March, the WHO advised against the use of a surgical mask by the healthy population, in April the WHO considered that it was an acceptable measure in some countries. However, some experts recommend the use of surgical masks based on studies of H1N1 influenza, showing that they could help reduce exposure to the virus. The United States CDC recommends

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It produces flu-like or cold-like symptoms, including fever, cough, dyspnea (shortness of breath), myalgia (muscle pain) , and fatigue. In severe cases, it is characterized by pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, sepsis and septic shock that leads to about 3.75% of those infected to death according to the WHO. There is no specific treatment; the main therapeutic measures are to relieve symptoms and maintain vital functions.

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The transmission of SARS-CoV-2 occurs through small droplets - microdroplets of Flügge - that are emitted when talking, sneezing, coughing or exhaling, that when they are released by a carrier (who may not have symptoms of the disease or incubating it) pass directly to another person through inhalation, or remain on the objects and surfaces that surround the emitter, and then, through the hands, which pick it up from the contaminated environment, come into contact with the membranes oral, nasal and ocular mucosa, when touching the mouth, nose or eyes. The latter is the main route of spread, since the virus can remain viable for up to days in the fomites (any lifeless object, or substance, that if contaminated with a pathogen is capable of transferring it from one individual to another).