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Gender refers to the culturally constructed ideas about what it means to be a man or woman in a specific place or time. Traditional gender roles are deeply ingrained in Mexican society, and are perpetuated by spatial distinctions and power hierarchies. Women are associated with and expected to be in the home, while men are allowed the freedom and ability to work and be in the streets. This separation instills values that are ingrained within Mexican society that men have more freedom than women. However, due to migration, the societal normalties and values are being challenged, as women are beginning to work and make money outside of the home. This is largely due to the progressive views that are becoming more valued because they are prevalent in American society. The gradual change in gender roles is a product of the spatial distinction not being as heavily acknowledged, and thus women are finding they can challenge the limitations of the gender constraints that had previously existed in their society.

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Gender is a culturally constructed ideas on what it means to be a man or a woman in a specific place or time. The house, or La Casa in this case is a large part of womanhood, as it seems to represent order & containment, opposing the sexual danger perceived en la calle.

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Gender is defined as the culturally constructed ideas about what it means to be a man/woman in a specific place or time. In the article, these ideas are illustrated in la calle and la casa, which represent the expectations of men and women in Mexican society respectively. La casa is understood to be a place of safety and security, contrasting la calle which is full of "sexual danger" and freedom. Women are supposed to stay at home and maintain family life, while men go out and work, among other things. America is seen as an example of modernity to try to emulate, which has started to erode these values. Since women are expected to work in America and not stay at home to tend to the family, that expectation for Mexican women is starting to erode under pressure to be like modern like America.

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Gender is a culturally constructed group of ideas about what it means to be a man or woman in a specific place or time. This concept applies to the text about society in Mexico and immigrants in the US in 2009 because the focus of the text is on how gender influences where you are allowed to be: men have more freedom and are allowed to roam las calles whereas women are more constrained to la casa where they must perform household duties.

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Gender is the culturally constructed idea about what it means to be a man or a women in a certain place and time. In Mexico, your gender determines your role within the society, therefore shaping one's identity. Traditionally, men to to work 'en la calle,' and women are expected to be 'amas de la casa,' or homemakers. The gender that one is born in traditional Mexican society predetermines the roles people identify with throughout their lives. Both men and women have little agency to stray from these societal norms. In contrast, these roles are not sustained into the United States, a country that Mexico views as the modern standard. With the recent increase of migration to the U.S. from Mexico, the traditional gender roles are slowly changing due to the American influence on the Mexican people.

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Society can be used to refer to a human group that exhibits some internal coherence and distinguishes itself from other such groups. Society is created and maintained by social relations and institutions. Within Mexican society there is a clear distinction between la calle(the street) and la casa(the home), which creates a spatial difference that further separates traditional Mexican gender roles. This sharply contrasts that of American gender roles which are seen as more progressive on a global scale. The spatial divide in American culture is less extreme in comparison to Mexico, and due to mass migration these ideals are influencing the traditional roles which are becoming subject to change. This spatial divide is reflective of distinctive  Mexican culture and institutions delaying change, but is being to progress as society adapts to a more global world.

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Society is understood as the way in which humans organize themselves in groups and networks. It is dependent on internal agreement between both groups and individuals within the society, as seen with the existence of the distinct spaces of the home and the street, as well as the expectations and respect that come with them. This is contrasted with American society, where productivity is valued above family so both parents are expected to work so they can contribute as much as possible to the society. Globalization has started to force societies closer together, highlighting their differences and similarities in the process.

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Society refers to the way in which humans organize themselves in groups and networks. Society is created and sustained by social relationships and institutions. Back in Mexico, society maintained the normalcy of gender roles and the migration to the United States led to the gradual shift in perception and submission of gender roles. Change in society in the United States encouraged people to break out of gender roles and out of traditional structures into more modernized values. Different social relationships in the United States affected the structure in gender roles of people from Mexico.

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Society refers to the way humans organize themselves in groups and networks and it is sustained by social relationships and institutions. This concept can be seen in the text about men and womens' assigned spaces: men are expected to go out on the streets and work, women are expected to stay home and care for kids or the house. The identity created by gender is what organizes people into the groups and ultimately determines their agency. The society where men are more free than women is sustained by the various institutions each are able to interact with. Men are associated with companies and the work force where they make money, but women are expected to support the relationship between the men and women by staying home and caring at the house to support their family. This social relationship in this society therefore gives men more power than women.

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Society refers to the way in which humans organize themselves in groups and networks. Society is created and sustained by social relationships and institutions. In traditional Mexican society, society is organized in a way that grants the men greater agency than women. Society 🤬 in the understanding of differences between progressive American society and traditional Mexican society because their social structures differ. Social relationships in the US are less concrete than in Mexico, creating a more progressive society that grants women more agency.

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Identity can be defined as the social status granted to those who meet a certain criteria. Identity is key in determining the societal roles and power dynamics in both the given passage and Learning Capitalist Culture by Douglas E. Foley. Foley's work focuses on North Town High School, a small school in a rural Texas town, both during and after a Latino civil rights movement in the 70s and 80s. In the given passage, one's gender identity determines a large part of what their 'role' in society is. This is clearly seen in how women are expected to stay in the house while men are expected to be out making money for the family. Differences in the roles for the genders can also be seen in Foley's work: the girls idealize the cheerleaders, a sport designed entirely to support the male football team at the school. This is also seen in dating where the girls are expected to be good girlfriends and actively work to please the boys, while the guys essentially just reap the benefits. Both examples show an imbalance of power due to the gender identity of a person. However, a key difference is that Foley's work discusses multiple aspects of identity while the given passage only focuses on one: gender. Because of this, the discrimination faced by people of lower socioeconomic classes or different races, among other things Foley studied, is missing from the passage.

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The given text is comparable to the ethnography 'Learning Capitalist Culture' as it is a direct text about American culture, which can contrast that of the Mexican culture within the given text. Both ethnography's discuss the idea of separation between the sexes within in society, and the gender roles at play. Learning Capitalist Culture gives unique examples as to what role gender plays in larger society, and what those roles are. Where as the given text provides no examples and rather explains the phenom, but does not apply it to the larger culture. It talks about the spacial differences in which both men and women reside, but vaguely goes into depth on how that changes group and personal interactions. Learning Capitalist Culture gives a thorough breakdown of how gender roles and separation affect society.

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Identity is the social status given to people depending on whether or not they meet specific criteria. In Fresh Fruit, Broken Bodies, identity is tied into ethnicity, language, and economic class, contrasting with the gender-based sense of identity within Mexican culture being talked about in the reading. The theory from FFBB focuses on identity as something built from shared experiences within a group of people with a shared characteristic as opposed to identity being based on something you're assigned, as identity is understood in the reading.

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In this reading, men and women from the South bend of Mexico were interviewed about their take on the roles of men and women in working culture. This method seems appropriate for what the anthropologist was trying to convey (changing gender roles in Mexico), however, it was the only method mentioned. Seth Holmes' Fresh Fruit Broken Bodies, 2013 was an ethnography meant to illustrate the life of Triqui migrant workers. He employs multiple methods of research, including 'embodied anthropology' in his fieldwork. This means that he tries his best to recognize how Triqui migrants suffer by attempting to take on their life-style. He experiences the bodily sensations that occur for illegal migrant workers, such as intense and prolonged body pain and constant racism and fear. While not all aspects of embodied field work can be experienced, it does give a much more in depth and descriptive account of the experiences of Mexican people.

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Identity can be defined as the ongoing process that informs the way that people perceive themselves and others in addition to way that others perceive them. The passage places a great emphasis on individuals' identities and their roles in society. Gender, an ascribed status, played a significant role in each person's identity — a person's gender identity was especially prevalent in the way that they interacted with themselves and others. Similarly, in the mid-80's ethnography Learning Capitalist Culture by Douglas Foley, gender roles were especially important to way that individuals interacted with the world around them. In both texts, women came second to men's priorities. Additionally, the role of a man was seen as greater than the role of a woman. Women were also seen as homemakers, while men primarily worked to sustain the household. When translated to a smaller scale in Learning Capitalist Culture, the young men saw women as possessions that they could use to enhance their social statuses. Many of the young women looked up to cheerleaders whose primary roles were to support the football-playing men. While gender roles were prevalent in both texts, they were heightened in the provided text.

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Identity is a social status granted in various ways to those who meet a certain criteria. In the reading ¨Women, Men, and the changing role of gender in immigration¨ gender plays a key role in identity and how women are increasingly becoming more active in the workforce. In fresh fruit broken bodies we see how their origin, ethnicity, and language all play a role in their identity. In both texts we see how gender plays a major role into identity. Women are ´incapable´ of working in fields and doing the manual labor so women are often put into a role and become a ¨homemaker¨

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Identity is the ongoing process that informs the way in which people see themselves and the groups they belong to as well as the way others see them. Comparing the passage given and another ethnography called "Fresh Fruit Broken Bodies", gender---an ascribed status---greatly affects the identity of the people living in Mexico. Gender, in both texts, influences if a person can handle working outside of the house. Where a man is seen as more fit for working outside and independently, a woman is seen as dependent and encouraged to stay inside to take on the role of a housewife. This is seen in the passage as it describes a society of which gender roles affect the roles of people in a society. For example, the women stay in the house as the "homemaker" (caring for the children and the home) while the men have the freedom to leave the house because their gender role is to support the family financially. In "Fresh Fruit Broken Bodies," these kinds of gender roles are also seen through generally only the men crossing the border into America to do labor and provide financial security from afar.  The women stay in Mexico to take care of the home and family because they are seen as not strong enough to handle the journey across the border.

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The passage relies on interviews for information about traditional Mexican society. Though Seth M. Holmes also conducted interviews in Fresh Fruit, Broken Bodies to learn about migrant farm workers in the US west coast in 2013, most of his work is dependent on fieldwork. Holmes lived and worked alongside the migrant farm workers for a few years, which provided evidence for most of the ethnography. He focuses on embodied anthropology, but also spoke to workers about identity and social relations, though his interviews were presumably less formal than those in the passage.

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Culture is a such a complex concept that even most anthropologists cannot agree upon the definition. One anthropologist defines culture as, 'that complex whole which includes knowledge, belief, art, morals, law, customs, and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society.' Culture is integrative and adaptive, and what it means differs from society to society. For example, the passage highlights the varying gender roles within the indigenous Mexican culture. The characteristic of their social structure are key facets of their culture. In contrast, Learning Capitalist Culture by Douglas Foley goes in depth in the social and racial relations in a rural Texas town. Within the ethnography, there are recorded incidents of racism and discrimination against the Latino community in North Town. These behaviors are learned and shared characteristic of North Town citizens that display the community's culture.

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There are multiple methods an ethnographer can approach researching and collecting data of a society. The methods from the article, while they differ from those of Learning Capitalist Culture can still be compared. Learning Capitalist Culture is an ethnography written by Foley in the 1970s in a small town called North Town in Texas following the culture of the town and specifically the life within the high school. The way the methods of the two ethnographies are comparable is that both ethnographers conduct interviews. Interviews can be a very valuable resource because the ethnographer can gather information in a more direct way and they can ask questions that are specific about subjects that may not organically surface in normal life. Interviews were the only methods noted in the article, and this is how the article and LCC differ. In LCC Foley uses the method of participant observation heavily. This is a very valuable method as well because it allows for more authentic data (should the activities not be disrupted due to the ethnographer's presence).Different methods provide the ability to gain different perspectives on each of the key concepts. For example, it may be easier to identify various social relations from participant observation than in interviews because interviews provide a one sided answer.

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Although there is no one widely accepted definition of culture it can be described as" that complex whole which includes knowledge, belief, art, law, morals, custom, and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society". In FFBB habitus can highlight the difference of culture between two groups of people. This is showcased through Holmes and his decision to sleep in a small closet alone whereas his Triqui companions were more comfortable sleeping in crowded living room. This difference may not seem major or significant but it shows how culture is deeply ingrained within people that something as simple as where you sleep is affected by it.
Similarly, in LCC this idea of comfort with your own culture is apparent through the racial groupings and separation amongst the classmates. Rather than intermix the majority of North Town students suck to their own racial/activity group based on many perceived factors about them. In the passage  gender roles are a social construct, a mindset of how occupational roles are distinguished in society. This is brought about by the fact that men work in jobs, leading them to be perceived as the breadwinners, versus women who are housewives. The reason that this is apart of culture and not only structure, is because people were raised with these sets of beliefs, encouraging the practice to carry forward I generations onward.

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In this passage, it is stated that the researchers used interviews as a method to gather research about the Mexican culture. Douglas Foley, author of Learning Capitalist Culture, also used interviewing as a way to gather research about the people and culture of Northtown. The method of interviewing can be used structured or unstructured. In this passage, the authors use a more structured way of interviewing, while Foley used a more unstructured causal approach in order to gain the trust of the people of Northtown. In Learning Capitalist Culture, Foley also used the method of participant observation. Foley immersed himself into the culture and rituals of Northtown in order to research for his ethnography. This method of research made it so that Foley was able to experience firsthand what Northtown was like, as well as gain the trust of the people of Northtown. By using the same research methods but in different ways, different information can be obtained from the groups being observed.

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There is no universal definition of culture, as anthopologists cannot agree on the concept due to its abstract nature. However, a commonly recognized definition is that culture is the complex whole which includes knowledge, belief, art, law, morals, custom, and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society. In Mexico, the customs and beliefs that identify and seperate Mexican culture from others is their unique spatial distinction between la calle (the street), in which the men are associated with, and la casa (the home), in which the women are associated with. This belief is ingrained within Mexican society because it reflects aspects of their morals, customs, and habits. An aspect of culture that is undoubtedly important is the ability to be dynamic and fluid. When one element within the system shifts, the other elements shift to accommodate it. Due to the migration patterns of the Mexican population in the last decade, the roles of la casa and la calle begin to change to adapt to the progressive views that the Mexican people are adopting from American culture. Comparatively, Douglas Foley's ethnography on North Town, in Learning Capitalist Culture, explores the value and importance of gender and racial roles within their society. Their culture is composed of the social and power heirarchy that exist between these different roles.

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Culture can be defined as the experiences, traditions, values, and beliefs of a group, among other things though that's not the only definition. In Mexican culture, la calle and la casa are established spaces distinct from one another. Each space is important inside of the culture and has implications and restrictions within it. In Learning Capitalist Culture, by Douglas E. Foley, the culture of the town and high school is the main topic of the book. Foley focuses on dating, football, behavior in class, and attitudes toward various social issues to get a better idea of the culture of North Town by looking its effects on the kids' outlook. In Fresh Fruit, Broken Bodies, by Seth M. Holmes, the culture of the Triqui migrant farm workers is put up against the cultures of the United States and the farms on which they find work. The book looks at the ways they clash and what that reveals about either culture in turn.

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Culture is a broad term that serves as an umbrella over many different aspects of racial, religious, or social groups. All of the several aspects of groups - gender, ethnicity, economic class, etc. - give them their own idea of culture unique from other groups or societies. In the given passage, it is clear to infer that gender, and how it defines a person, builds a large amount of the culture in Mexico. With men having initial ascribed high status because of their gender, woman have no place to consider themselves except below them. It is apart of their culture that men are supposed to do the work, financially support the family, and overall possess a leadership role. Because of these traits, men get more mobility and freedom as an individual, while women get the opposite. The culture of Mexico places women inferior to men : solely caring for the home and children, cooking, cleaning, etc. Women don't get a choice on what to do with her future and goals, because opportunities aren't apparent to women in the first place. This cultural norm and idea that everyone has always lived by influences how people act, what they're able to do, and what people think of them. In a separate anthropological study, Learning Capitalist Culture by Douglas Foley, he directly observes the culture of high school students in North Town, Texas. After being surrounded by the culture for many months, he was able to get a grasp of what the culture really is in such group of young adults, and what makes it that way. Similar to the passage, gender defines some of the culture there. Boys in the school are superior to the girls because the prominent ones spend their time leading the high school to victory through a few sports, but mainly football. Because the town is very small, and community oriented around the school, football players are what make the community proud. They're the boys everyone comes together to watch on Friday night, but girls don't have anything that could give them that much power and authority. This creates a patriarchal order, determining how people act with one another further developing their own culture. The last ethnography that has expresses its own distinct culture is Fresh Fruit, Broken Bodies by Seth M Holmes. At this study explains the experiences of immigrants crossing the border from Mexico to the United States and up the coat to Washington, there is one key aspect that has a heavy influence on the culture of the group. Once the immigrants reach Washington's Tanaka Brothers Farm, the several layers of groups clearly form a hierarchy. White males own and lead the entire farm. They are the highest form of authority, but even the lower forms of power are still white Americans. Most are men, but there are still some women as well. As the hierarchy goes lower down the pyramid, more women and more labor workers are incorprated.  This impacts the social relations between the different races (no matter the gender) and the different genders (no matter the race). There are many different levels of treatment between the different types of people creating its own distinct culture similar to that of the passage and Learning Capitalist Culture.