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Powtoon presentation on the states
of matter

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10th week✉  mixture

Mixtures In chemistry, a mixture is a material made up of two or more different substance which are mixed. A mixture refers to the physical combination of two or more substances in which the identities are retained and are mixed in the form of solutions, suspension and colloids.

Mixtures are one product of mechanically blending or mixing chemical substances such as element and compounds, without chemical bonding or other chemical change, so that each ingredient substance retains its own chemical properties and makeup.

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10th Week✏ Compounds

A chemical compound is a chemical formed from atoms of different chemical elements. The different atoms are joined by chemical bonds. Each compound has a fixed ratio between the elements.

The elements stick together so strongly that the compound behaves like one substance. The chemical that is made depends upon what atoms it is made of and how they are joined together.

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Powtoon
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8th Week☏ Element

An element is a part or aspect of something abstract, especially one that is essential or characteristic.

we have an chemical element like

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1🔜Minerals of the earth crust.💯
2🔜Rocks. 💯
3🔜Plate Tectonics. 💯
4🔜Earthquakes. 💯
5🔜Volcanoes. 💯
6🔜Properties of matter💯
7🔜State of matter💯
8🔜Element💯
9🔜Compounds💯
10🔜Mixture💯

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6th week; The properties of matter

Matter is defined as anything that occupies space and has mass.

Mass is a measure of an object's inertia. It is proportional to weight: the more mass an object has, the more weight it has. However, mass is not the same as weight. Weight is a force created by the action of gravity on a substance while mass is a measure of an object's resistance to change in motion.

Physical

properties can be measured without changing the chemical's identity. The freezing point of a substance is physical. When water freezes, it's still H₂O.

Chemical

properties deal with how one chemical reacts with another. We know that wood is flammable because it becomes heat, ash, and carbon dioxide when heated in the presence of oxygen.

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5th week: volcanic

A volcano is a rupture in the crust of a planetary - mass object , such as earth , that allows hot lave, volcanic ash, and gasses to escape from a magma chamber below the surface.

Earth's volcanoes occur because its crust is broken into 17 major, rigid tectonic plates that float on a hotter, softer layer in its mantle.
1/Therefore, on Earth, volcanoes are generally found where tectonic plates are diverging or convergin , and most are found underwater. For example, a mid- oceanic ridge, such as the Mid-atlantic rideg, has volcanoes caused by divergent tectonic plates whereas the pacific range of fire has volcanoes caused by convergent tectonic plates. Volcanoes can also form where there is stretching and thinning of the crust's plates, e.g., in the East African Rift and the Wells gray- clearwater volcanic field and Rio Grand Rifet in North America.

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4th week: earthquake
An earthquake (also known as a quake, tremor or temblor) is the shaking of the surface of the Earth, resulting from the sudden release of energy in the earth's
lithosphere that creates seismic wave. Earthquakes can range in size from those that are so weak that they cannot be felt to those violent enough to toss people around and destroy whole cities. The seismcity, or seismic activity, of an area is the frequency, type and size of earthquakes experienced over a period of time. The word tremor is also used for non-activity seismic rumbling .

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3th week "Plate Tectonics"

Plate tectonics is the theory that Earth's outer shell is divided into several plates that glide over the mantle, the rocky inner layer above the core. The plates act like a hard and rigid shell compared to Earth's mantle . This strong outer layer is called the lithosphere, which is 100 km (60 miles) thick, according to Encyclopedia Britannica . The lithosphere includes the crust and outer part of the mantle. Below the lithosphere is the asthenosphere, which is malleable or partially malleable, allowing the lithosphere to move around. How it moves around is an evolving idea.

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2th week "Rocks"

Rock or stone is a natural substance, a solid aggregate of one or more minerals or mineral oids. For example, granite, a common rock, is a combination of the minerals quartiz, feldspar and biotite. The Earth's outer solid layer, the lithosphere , is made of rock.

Rock has been used by humankind throughout history. The minerals and metals in rocks have been essential to human civilization.

minerals are naturally occurring in organic substances often with a crystalline structure.
Rocks are usually compared of two or more minerals. Often may different minerals are present.

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Minerals of the earth crust

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Minerals in the Earth’s Crust

A mineral is a naturally occurring organic or inorganic substance, having an orderly atomic structure and a definite chemical composition and physical properties.

A mineral is composed of two or more elements. But, sometimes single element minerals like sulphur, copper, silver, gold, graphite, etc are also found.

The basic source of all minerals is the hot magma in the interior of the earth.

When magma cools, crystals of the minerals appear and a systematic series of minerals are formed in sequence to solidify so as to form rocks.

The minerals which contain metals are called as metallic minerals (eg: Haematite) and the metallic minerals which are profitably mined are called as the ores.

The crust of the earth is made up of more than 2000 minerals, but out of these, only six are the most abundant and contribute the maximum.

These six most abundant minerals are feldspar, quartz, pyroxenes, amphiboles, mica and olivine.