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Location: Gulf of Mexico (April 20, 2010) 

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Location: Gulf of Mexico (April 20, 2010) 

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Considered the largest marine oil spill in the petroleum industry. This spill was caused by a wellhead blowout with 11 people killed, 7 injured, and 8,000 marine organisms affected. A capping stack was used to stop the oil and 1/3 of waters were closed for fishing. 8,000-12,000 of workers were unemployed. By October, majority of closed areas were safe.

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Location: Prince William Sound, Alaska (March 24, 1989)

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Location: Prince William Sound, Alaska (March 24, 1989)

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This was a manmade disaster caused by an oil tanker that spilled 11 million gallons of oil. This spill was considered a point source. It covered about 1300 miles of coastline and killed over 100,000 of seabirds, otters, seals, and whales. A ship traveled from Alaska to Long Beach, California and spilled 11 million gallons. Cleanup workers skimmed oil from the surface and sprayed chemicals, washed oiled beaches, and rescued animals. 30 years later, pockets of oil still remain.

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Location: Marine Corps Bass Camp Lejeune (1953-1987)

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Location: Marine Corps Bass Camp Lejeune (1953-1987)

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Family members living at the base took in water that was contaminated. Groundwater was also contaminated. Residents developed cancer or other illnesses. Federal government didn’t do anything to resolve the issue. Diseases include: liver cancer, kidney cancer, and ALS.

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Location: Colorado, New Mexico, Arizona, Utah (August 5, 2015)

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Location: Colorado, New Mexico, Arizona, Utah (August 5, 2015)

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An environmental disaster caused by an accidental waste water release (3 million gallons). Animals and San Juan Rivers were heavily affected. This happened while workers tried to drain pond water near the entrance and accidentally destroyed plug holding water trapped inside the mine. Officials warned people to stay out of the water, and not to catch fish. Residents had to have their water tested.

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Location: Niagara Falls, New York (1978) 

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Location: Niagara Falls, New York (1978) 

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Homes were sitting on 21,000 tons of toxic industrial waste which began to come up into backyards of the residents. Families were exposed to poisonous chemicals. They were forced out of their homes. Beforehand, they were not informed about the land when they bought their homes so they got benefits from this incident. Poison is still present to this day.

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Location: Hinckley, California (1952-1966) 

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Location: Hinckley, California (1952-1966) 

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Chromium was used to fight corrosion in cooling tower water. However, the discharge went to unlined ponds and affected groundwater as well. People are still cautious today of the cancer causing virus that was present. Fortunately, more than half was cleared.

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Location: Northeast Ohio, Akron, Kent (1969)

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Location: Northeast Ohio, Akron, Kent (1969)

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The River was so polluted that it caught on fire. Cleveland lacked sewage disposal and fire was ignited by sparks on a passing train. This resulted in $50,000 worth of damages and caused 5 deaths. This promoted the public to go from waste dumpling to recycling.

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Location: Woburn, Massachusetts (May 14, 1984) 

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Location: Woburn, Massachusetts (May 14, 1984) 

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This caused a pollution in drinking water from chemicals being dumped, and residents were dying of leukemia. People went to court, but their cases weren’t helped. There was a $21M cleanup effort but water still remains contaminated (2011). This resulted in illnesses being spread.

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Location: West Virginia (January 9, 2014) 

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Location: West Virginia (January 9, 2014) 

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MCHM was released into the river, making it a point source. Over 7,500 chemicals were leaked. 300,000 residents had no access to clean water as 14 were hospitalized. To fix this, they added carbon and harmless chemicals to the treatment. Luckily, no fish were killed.

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This was the largest waterborne disease outbreak when the Howard Avenue Purification Plant was contaminated. It was caused by a cattle genotype from pasture runoff and carried by melted ice. There was a disease outbreak and 1.61M residents became ill with stomach cramps, fever, and dehydration.

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Pollutants ended up in drinking water sources associated with coal and coal ash waste as well as groundwater contamination. To fix this, they disposed of on-site landfills and high levels of toxic heavy metals.

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Location: Gulf of Mexico (June 14, 2018) 

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Location: Gulf of Mexico (June 14, 2018) 

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Gulf had low to no oxygen and spread within 5,780 square miles. This happens every summer and comes from nutrients from Mississippi River watershed. Aquatic animals would suffocate and die. This would threaten fish, shrimp, and crabs which were heavily demanded by humans. It gros three times larger every year.

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Locstion: New York, New Jersey (1947-1977)

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Locstion: New York, New Jersey (1947-1977)

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A discharge of PCBs contaminated river and discharged untreated sewage which makes it a non-point source. The water included mercury. This affected wildlife as well as people who ate fish and drank water. They issued wastewater discharge permits. Toxic chemicals also accumulated sediments that settled at the bottom of the river. They banned all fishing and issued the Clean Water Act (1972).