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The catalytic converter in a car contains platinum, which serves as a catalyst to change carbon monoxide, which is toxic, into carbon dioxide.(chemical catalysts)

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Enzymes are widely used in the textile industry.

The catalyst the industry use is a promoted iron catalyst, where the promoters can be K₂O, Al₂O₃ and CaO and the basic catalytic material is Fe.

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Hydrogen peroxide will decompose into water and oxygen gas. Two molecules of hydrogen peroxide will produce two molecules of water and one molecule of oxygen.

Manganese oxide can be used as a catalyst to speed up the composition of hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen gas

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Epoxyethane is manufactured by reacting ethene with a limited amount of oxygen in the presence of a silver catalyst at a temperature of about 250-300 degrees and a pressure of less than 15 atmospheres. Because silver is catalyzing a gas reaction, this is an example of heterogeneous catalysis.

Chemical/ Industrial Catalyst- Silver

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Chemical catalyst
2H2O2=2H2O+O2
hydrogen peroxide will decompose into water and oxygen gas.

Biological catalyst
Enzyme, a substance that acts as a catalyst in living organisms, regulating the rate at which chemical reaction proceed without itself being altered in the process.

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Some functional RNAs can be biological catalysts.(Ribozyme)
Substrate + Enzyme  ↔  Complex → Product.

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Industrial Catalyst
-Haber Process: Iron (Fe)
It helps nitrogen and hydrogen to react so as to produce ammonia (Haber process)

Ammonia can be used as fertilizer. It helps the plants to grow faster as it provides the nitrogen which is an essential factor to plants' growth.

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Hydrogen peroxide
-hydrogen peroxide in higher concentrations is used as a bleach for textiles and paper, as a component of rocket fuels, and for producing foam rubber and organic chemicals.

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Chemical catalyst - Iron
It helps nitrogen and hydrogen to react so as to produce ammonia (Haber process)Ammonia can be used as fertilizer. It helps the plants to grow faster as it provides the nitrogen which is an essential factor to plants' growth.
Biological catalyst- Amylase
Amylase is found in our saliva and is responsible for starting to break down the starch that we eat. So amylase is an enzyme that carries out the specific reaction of breaking down starch into a simple sugar.

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Manganese oxide can be used as a catalyst to speed up the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen gas. This is useful when preparing oxygen gas in the laboratory.

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Chemical Catalyst
- Potassium Permanganate
(KMnO4)

Use to speed up the process of Hydrogen peroxide decomposing into water or oxygen

“Two molecules of hydrogen peroxide will produce two molecules of water and one molecule of oxygen.”

Enzyme Catalyst
- Amylase

Helps changes starch into sugar, can be found in Human and animal saliva

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enzyme amylase
used for bread making
it decompose the starches used and transform them into sugar

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Homogeneous catalysis (soluble catalyst)

Very specific examples:
WHITE VINEGAR, CORN OIL, AND BLOOD PLASMA

- used in increasing rate of reaction
without increasing temperature

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Acid-base catalysis
in the case of decomposition of the sugar sucrose into glucose and fructose in sulfuric acid; or base-specific (base catalysis), as in the addition of hydrogen cyanide to aldehydes and ketones in the presence of sodium hydroxide. Many reactions are catalyzed by both acids and bases.

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Haber process (iron in manufacturing ammonia) and contact process (vanadium oxide in manufacturing sulphuric acid)

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- Haber process: Fe (Iron)
- Contact process: V2O5 (Vanadium (V) oxide)
- Hydrogen peroxide decomposes into water and oxygen gas

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Decompose substances in exhaust gases from car
- palladium catalyst is used in catalytic convertor in cars

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- Ni nickel
-It's used as a heterogenous catalyst in the production of synthesis gas, also known as syngas, a fuel source that consists of hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and in some cases, carbon dioxide.

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Elephant toothpaste demo:
Potassium iodide+Liquid soap with 30% hydrogen peroxide

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Biological
H202==(Colloidal metal + Catalase Catalyst)==> (H20)2 + O2
Industrial
H202 ==(MnO2 Catalyst)==> (H20)2 + O2

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nickel catalyst
(hydrogenation of alkenes in margarine manufacture)

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Iron

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- Found in human bodies, germination of plants
- decomposes starch, glycogen

- Used in decomposition of Hydrogen peroxide - Hiroto