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Answers to the homework:

1. A
2. B
3. A
4. A
5. B

Any questions, please see me.

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Hi All,
I will be on level 7 in Rama's office Thursday & Friday this week ONLYfrom 12pm-1pm. Feel free to come by and chat about your writing :)
Susan

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A.
1.While children need need lots of rest, it is vital that they play.
2. Even though it encourages bad behavior, competitive play is helpful for children.
Despite the fact that it is helpful for children, competitive play encourages bad behavior.
3. While it can be a good lesson for children, losing a game is a horrible experience.
While it is a horrible experience, losing a game can be a good lesson for children.

B. Sample Answer:
1. Even though sports are difficult for some children, they can learn important skills such as teamwork and determination.

2. Although there is a lot of work to be done each day, businesses should encourage more fun activities in the office.

3. Despite the fact that not all children will take art or music, these programs should not be eliminated from schools.

4. Though people say they are too busy to relax, we should all make the time to do something we enjoy each day.

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In addition to reading this section of the Guide and taking the quizzes at its conclusion, we urge you to visit William Strunk's Elements of Style, which has had a salutary effect on several generations of writers who have bought "the little book," and which is now, thanks to the Bartleby Project, online. (This online text is not exactly the same as the familiar text you'll find in bookstores, which was edited by E.B. White, but much of the really good stuff is the same.) We also recommend "The Perfectibility of Words," by Robert Hartwell Fiske, editor of the online journal Vocabula Review.

Whether it's a two-word quip or a 200-word bear, a sentence must be a lean, thinking machine. Here are some notes toward efficiency and conciseness in writing.

PRUNING THE REDUNDANT

Avoid saying the same thing twice.

Many uneducated citizens who have never attended school continue to vote for better schools.

A phrase that repeats itself—like "true fact," "twelve noon," "I saw it with my own eyes"—is sometimes called a pleonasm.

Redundant phrases are bad habits just waiting to take control of your writing. Beware of the following.

A special breed of redundancy is proliferating in our modern world as we increasingly rely on abbreviations and acronyms in the busyness of our technology. Some people insist it is redundant to say "ATM machine" because ATM means Automated Teller Machine. They add that it is redundant to say "HIV virus" because HIV means Human Immunodeficiency Virus, "AIDS syndrome" because AIDS means Acquired ImmunoDeficiency Syndrome, "CPU unit" because CPU means Central Processing Unit. It sounds particularly silly when we come up with a plural such as "CPU units" — Central Processing Unit units. It is perhaps too easy to get caught up in this, however. "CD disk" can be redundant, but nowadays the abbreviation CD can refer to a number of things, including the machine itself. Occasionally, an abbreviation — like CD, ATM — becomes more of an idea unto itself than a shortened version for a set of words, and the abbreviation ought to be allowed to act as modifier.

Reducing Clauses to Phrases, Phrases to Single Words

Be alert for clauses or phrases that can be pared to simpler, shorter constructions. The "which clause" can often be shortened to a simple adjective. (Be careful, however, not to lose some needed emphasis by over-pruning; the word "which," which is sometimes necessary [as it is in this sentence], is not evil.)

Smith College, which was founded in 1871, is the premier all-women's college in the United States.

Founded in 1871, Smith College is the premier all-women's college in the United States.

Citizens who knew what was going on voted him out of office.

Knowledgeable citizens voted him out of office.

Recommending that a student copy from another student's paper is not something he would recommend.

He wouldn't recommend that a student copy from another student's paper.
(Or "He would never tell a student to copy . . . .")

Phrases, too, can sometimes be trimmed, sometimes to a single word.

Unencumbered by a sense of responsibility, Jasion left his wife with forty-nine kids and a can of beans.

Jasion irresponsibly left his wife with forty-nine kids and a can of beans.
(Or leave out the word altogether and let the act speak for itself.)

Intensifiers that Don't Intensify

Avoid using words such as really, very, quite, extremely, severely when they are not necessary. It is probably enough to say that the salary increase is inadequate. Does saying that it is severely inadequate introduce anything more than a tone of hysteria? These words shouldn't be banished from your vocabulary, but they will be used to best effect when used sparingly.

Avoiding Expletive Constructions

This sounds like something a politician has to learn to avoid, but, no, an expletive construction is a common device that often robs a sentence of energy before it gets a chance to do its work. Expletive constructions begin with there is/are or it is.

There are twenty-five students who have already expressed a desire to attend the program next summer. It is they and their parents who stand to gain the most by the government grant.

Twenty-five students have already expressed a desire to attend the program next summer. They and their parents stand to gain the most by the government grant.

Further information about expletive constructions is available on our page on The Verb "To Be".

Phrases You Can Omit

Be on the lookout for important sounding phrases that add nothing to the meaning of a sentence. Such phrases quickly put a reader on guard that the writer is trading in puffery; worse, they put a reader to sleep.

Eliminating Clichés and Euphemisms

A cliché is an expression that was probably, once upon a time, an original and brilliant way of saying something. Imagine being the first person to say something as clever as "She fell head over heels in love" or "She's cool as a cucumber." Sadly, though, such expressions eventually lose their luster and become trite and even annoying. Writers who indulge in tired language are not being respectful to their readers, and writers return the compliment by losing attention and going on to something else.

It is particularly galling when a writer or speaker relies on tired language to the point of creating a hodge-podge of mixed clichés and assorted vegetables. A mayor of Austin, Texas, once announced, to everyone's bewilderment, "I wanted all my ducks in a row, so if we did get into a posture, we could pretty much slam-dunk this thing and put it to bed."

Here is a list of trite expressions to look for in your writing and speaking. Create your own list of clichés by listening for them on radio talk-shows and casual conversation. Watch television ads and the headlines of sports columnists to find clichés that writers are playing with, adapting the meaning of a hackneyed expression until it turns into something clever (or, sometimes, not so clever). Click HERE for a handful of examples taken from the sports pages of The Hartford Courant.

We also recommend Brian Murphy's Big List of Clichés, for a truly exhausting (but fun) list of things to avoid saying.

acid test
at loose ends
babe in the woods
better late than never
brought back to reality
black as pitch
blind as a bat
bolt from the blue
busy as a bee/beaver
cat's meow
cool as a cucumber
cool, calm, and collected
crack of dawn
crushing blow
cry over spilt milk
dead as a doornail
dog-eat-dog world
don't count your chickens
dyed in the wool
easier said than done
easy as pie
feathered friends
face the music
flash in the pan
flat as a pancake
gentle as a lamb
go at it tooth and nail
good time was had by all
greased lightning
happy as a lark
head over heels
heavy as lead
horns of a dilemma
hour of need
keep a stiff upper lip
ladder of success
last but not least
looking a gift horse
in the mouth

meaningful dialogue
moving experience
needle in a haystack
open-and-shut case
pain in the _____
point with pride
pretty as a picture
put it in a nutshell
quick as a flash/wink
rat race
ripe old age
ruled the roost
sad but true
sadder but wiser
set the world on fire
sick as a dog
sigh of relief
slow as molasses
smart as a whip
sneaking suspicion
spread like wildfire
straight as an arrow
straw that broke
the camel's back
strong as an ox
take the bull by the horns
thin as a rail
through thick and thin
tired but happy
to coin a phrase
to make a long story short
trial and error
tried and true
under the weather
white as a sheet
wise as an owl
work like a dog
worth its weight in gold

A euphemism is a word or phrase that substitutes for language the speaker or writer feels is too blunt or somehow offensive. When people die, we say, instead, that they have "passed away" or "met their maker" or "gone to sleep." And, at the silly extreme, a garbage collector is a sanitation engineer, a janitor is a custodial engineer. What the writer must guard against is the tendency of euphemisms not only to shield readers from harsh reality but also to obfuscate meaning and truth. The military is especially guilty of this: bombing raids become surgical air-strikes and armies become peace-keeping forces. Good writing tells the truth and tells it plain.

Gary B. Larson ("Garbl") maintains three helpful Web pages on concise writing:

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In addition to reading this section of the Guide and taking the quizzes at its conclusion, we urge you to visit William Strunk's Elements of Style , which has had a salutary effect on several generations of writers who have bought "the little book," and which is now, thanks to the Bartleby Project, online.

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Use the questions you received in class. Watch the video and answer the questions.

ANSWERS:
1. C
2. D
3. B
4. False

-- a pseudoscientific paper published in 1998 arguing that routine vaccination of children causes autism which inspired an entire anti-vaccination movement/a joke article in the reputable British Medical Journal entitled "Energy Expenditure in Adolescents Playing New Generation Computer Games"

- Avoiding sensationalist media, searching for criticisms of suspicious information, and tracing the original source of a report can help slow down a lie, giving the truth more time to put on its shoes.

- As more writers come to rely on such pages for quick information, an unverified fact in a wiki page can make its way into a published article that may later be added as a citation for the very same wiki information, making it much harder to debunk.

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Do you have a special moment that you have been long waited ? Here is my little excitement that I would like to share today. By the following, I will be telling the most indescribable feeling that I ever experienced.

Back to the beginning of 2015, when my little Sister announced she got pregnant, everyone of us was so excited and we can’t wait to meet the little angel to be born.

After the first two months, my sister went through the hardest time. When the time she has feels no more of the morning sickness; it also meant the baby was in a stabilised condition.

Why would I said it was the special moment in my life? Because she was the first baby came into our family. Even i am not the one who got pregnancy, but I really felt happy and looking forward to welcome this little angel.

I still remember that day when I received the call, and my sister told me she was prepared to give birth. After the call, i was straight away to inform my boss that I need to apply urgent leave and back home immediately to visit my niece!

I was so nervous and impressed on our first met, thus i think it was really unforgettable!

The few days born baby was so tiny yet so fragile, and I was so scare I cannot carry her in a proper way.

Because my Sister did the operation instead of NSD( Natural spontaneous delivery). She was very weak after the operation, and it makes her has to lay down on bed all the time for rest and recovery.

The first two nights, I was the companion to stay with my niece.

It was a bitter sweet feeling, because I was so tired that I couldn’t sleep well yet so excited to accompany with my new buddy.

Taking care of baby was a tough job, especially the new born baby. The disadvantage was lacking of the experience, so I felt insecure when I have taken care of her. I don’t even know what should I do.

The whole night I was checking like every ten minutes to make sure her heart beat is still beating and still keep breathing. Sound funny right?

But the true is, those feeling I have been experienced will never faded, and it build the bond between me and my niece.

Family and love, they are what we meant to be.

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Grammar & Style: Fragments, Run-ons & Comma Splices

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This activity will help you write grammatically better sentences with correct punctuation.

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Copy of Comma Splices Run on Sentences Upper intermediate

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You will use the template below to organize your thoughts into episodes for your first writing assignment: The Narrative Essay

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A memorable event in my life (where?, what?, who?, when?, feelings?, How?)

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A memorable event in my life (where?, what?, who?, when?, feelings?, How?): A memorable event in my life

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You will be put into groups and assigned one video. Watch the video alone, then discuss the questions:

1. What’s the argument or message in the video?

2. How does an analogy support the argument?

group 1: https://youtu.be/9y2Hd32HQzY

Group 2:
https://youtu.be/8asJMw_T61Q

Group 3:
https://youtu.be/jhT0eWlUQNM

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There are some stages I want to improve probably.
Firstly,I hope my writing can involve in som academic words and more techniques.
Secondly,I wish I could have more chance to speak in class,for instance,debates can stimulate confidence of me .
In conclusion,I believe that teacher would provide method of varieties for students and by the time we will have learned a lot.

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My main goal is Melbourne is to significantly improve my English skills. I not only want to express my self and my ideas fluently and clearly, but also I want to be able to write academic essays and to understand 100% of what people says to me so there is not going to be any miss understanding. In this way I’ll be more confident and opened about talking to people about any topic such as sports, economics, business.

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My goals in Melbourne is improve my English and be able to speak fluently as well as getting experiences living with differents cultures. The English is really important to me, because I want get better job opportunities, travel to other countries and be able to talk with everyone, understand music and movies without subtitles. For me achieve my goals I decided to live in an apartment without Brazilian so I would communicate only in English, I put all my gadgets in English and I try to watch movies without subtitles. however I need to stop spending time on social networks and other things that don't add anything. I know that if I keep challenging myself, studying at home and doing my homework I will get my goals faster.

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After been living here in Melbourne almost 10 month , I think it's time to challenge myself, that's why I would like to be able to write in an academic way , also to be able to have a debate, sharing my ideas , and supporting my points correctly.
-improve my vocabulary
-self confidence (talking)

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My short term goal is to improve my speaking and writing in order to be able to express myself clearly.

I would like having a conversation without any misunderstanding because i feel uncomfortable when I have to repeat, to change, or to say in other way my idea.

Additionally, I want is to feel confident to have  long conversation, I don't know why, i always try to end the conversation even if I have something else to say.

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Coordination: Part 1 Answers (Answers will vary)

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Coordination: Part 1 Answers (Answers will vary)

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Exercise 1:
1. going to the beach and playing tennis/to go to the beach and to play tennis
2. kind and helpful
3.walking and swimming
4. ... less and when...
5. They got married and went on their honeymoon/the had gotten married and had gone on their honeymoon
6. .... yet is a great to sped a few hours.
7. a haircut and new clothes
8. patient and clear/who is patient and who explains clearly.

Exercise 2:
1. professional
2. living abroad
3. writing it
4.an unhealthy lifestyle
5. did nothing.
6. (with) a stranger
7. yet difficult for them to buy.
8. (write) French.

Exercise 3:
1. it is exciting.
2. for they are far from family
3. they must complete a project.
4. they will fail the course.
5. I decided to move overseas
6. but never liked speaking them
7. Canada
8. he has no luck finding a job.

We will correct exercise 5 in class. Please have it prepared.

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My short term goal is to improve my writing and speaking, learning new vocabulary and studying grammar.

I would like to express my ideas with long sentences, using synonyms because i've noticed that i used to speak with a basic and simple vocabulary.

I really have to spend more time studying english than working. If i want to achive my goal i should study more hours at home, doing my homework, reading books and also watching tv series.

Finally, i cannot be shy and i have to make an effort to speak just in English even with my colombian friends.

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My short term goal is to improve my English all rounder, but mostly my pronunciation and grammar. I should stay less in my cellphone during classes even if I already know the subject being explained. I already watch a lot of movies and TV shows without subtitles, read books in English and speak fearless of what people could think. Considering everything, I should start to take notes while reading more complex books/texts and study more grammar at home.

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I believe that learning English relies on different things. Considering that, my short term goal is to keep trying my best to continue to learn by studying and practicing and with that, improve my grammar and vocabulary. To make this possible, I need to start reading more and also start taking notes while I’m reading, focusing on learning different words and making sure I’ll remember later. Furthermore, I need to watch movies and tv shows to help me listen and interiorize the language, besides that, keep righting and speaking English. To reach my goal I also need to stop depending on translating words and stop talking my native language while I’m in Australia.

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My short term goal is to improve my English skills in order to be able I communicate clearly and fluently, it is a great opportunity to get a better position in my job and study a MBA. So, to achieve my purpose I’m going to the English school every day, doing my homework, watching movies and reading books in English because I’ve understood it is the best form to advance with my vocabulary. Also, I need to practice more outside of class as well lose fear to speak in public.

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My short term goal is to improve my English skills in order to be able I communicate clearly and fluently, it is a great opportunity to get a better position in my job and study a MBA. So, to achieve my purpose I’m going to the English school every day, doing my homework, watching movies and reading books in English because I’ve understood it is the best form to advance with my vocabulary. Also, I need to practice more outside of class as well lose fear to speak in public.

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The biggest reason why I am studying English is to go to University. Second, I go to University to understand the contents of the class well. And I want to improve my speaking ability through this class. I have a little dilemma these days because I am using only the usual expressions.

I have hated English since I was young. So it is the first time that I studied English properly in Australia. Even when I was a University student, I never study English at all.🤔🤔

I think I should get rid of fear about English. To be honest, I'm much better than the first time, but I still get ahead of my fears when I talk to foreigners. Also, I like drinking, I will drink only once a week🍺🍺 (I'll try....😁😁)and study more English in the rest of the week.

As I said earlier, I think I am studing English more privately than other students because I have never studied English properly. For example, I study until I wake up in the morning and come to school. So I think I am much better than before especially vocabulary, writing and reading. However, speaking and pronunciation are big problems. However, if I keep this habit, I think I will be much better than my current English skills.🙂🙂

And I think I should start listening.✌✌✌

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As an English learner, I have an apparent goal like other ESL students: use fluent English clearly and confidently.
From previous sessions, I've found out that I need to enhance my grammar understanding to minimise error. In addition, I'm eager to become comfortable to use complex sentences in my writing and speaking. At the same time, I hope to gain balance between complex and meandering sentences.
To achieve my goal, I belive two things need to be accomplished ahead. First, stop procrastinating. Second, doubt my old and vague grammar knowledge. So far, I've spent more time on expanding vocabulary range without deeper understanding of each words. Now it is time for me to reinforce solid understanding of grammar and word use.
The thing I should start doing is checking the dictionary or grammar book immediately when there is anything unclear. Moreover, it should be good to start using a vocabulary circle strategy which I learnt in class. And continue doing.

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My first intention to study in ILSC is because I want to improve my English speaking, especially we will be meeting people come from around the world and gather in a place.

It is an opportunity get to know different culture, different accent from all of you.  And leave the comfort zone is kind of motivation to encourage myself to learn everything better.

However,  after ended the previous session, I’ve realised my writing skill still remain the same problem as I used to have the translation from my mother language in my mind.

It’s terrible when writing from translation, even sometime I have a great thought of idea, but when express in a wrong way or incorrect grammar, it could be totally run out of point. And maybe misunderstanding.

I’ve also noticed that vocabulary is very important, we have to know more vocabulary so we could be able to express the actual idea in our mind Into writing or communication.

It’s tough to learn again when lacking of basic knowledge. But never too late;)

In order to enforce myself,

Practise is the only way.

I wish I can write a very academically essay after few session in ILSC, and that’s my aim.

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My short-term goal is to make sure my studies go well and to be successful in this session and my long-term goal is to finish a diploma of childcare in Australia. Previously I wasn't thinking about grammar mistakes because I didn't learn English grammar properly. However since I started studying in ILSC I realized how important and confusing it was to learn English grammar. Therefore, sometimes I'm afraid of mistakes when I speak in English especially with grammar.I want to get over this problem and at the end of this session hopefully I'll be able to speak English fluently with less mistakes.I heard recording my voice is a good way to improve English. How about asking a native speaker to record their voice and listen to that recording and practice your speaking. Continue recording yourself until you're happy.I think it'll help you improve your English sounds, listening skills and pronunciation as well.Also you can find a video or other recording of native speakers online 😸✍️📚

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I arrive in Australia one month ago with one purpose: to improve my English skills in order to be able to communicate with people from all around the world, understand music lyrics and become a teacher when I came back to Spain. What I’m doing to get it is going to the English school everyday, doing my homework and reading books in English. But I realize that I need to remove a kind of inferiority complex that I fell when I’m speaking English and try to be as I am.

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Welcome to the EAP session 12. This space is where you will find additional material for class and independent learning. Check back often to get the most of your learning journey this session. I am looking forward to being your teacher this session.

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Your First Assignment: Your Learning Goal  

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Your First Assignment: Your Learning Goal  

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Think of you as an English learner. You will write 10-12 sentences about you and you dedication to English.

You must include a) your goal, b) what you should STOP doing, c) what you should START doing and d) what you should CONTINUE doing.

Step 1: create a new post.
Step 2: write your response to the above points.
Step 3: read other's posts and respond to at least one classmates' response.
Step 4: keep your response positive. Write if you learned something from your classmate.

POST BY : Friday Week 1
Respond by: Sunday (before week2).