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Who is Henrietta Lacks?  Describe her legacy in Stem Cell research

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Who is Henrietta Lacks?  Describe her legacy in Stem Cell research

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Henrietta Lacks was an African-American woman whose cancer cells are the source of the HeLa cell line, the first immortalized cell line and one of the most important cell lines in medical research. An immortalized cell line reproduces indefinitely under specific conditions, and the HeLa cell line continues to be a source of invaluable medical data to the present day.

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Explain what stem cells are and their capacity to differentiate

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Explain what stem cells are and their capacity to differentiate

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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that can turn into specific cells, as the body needs them. Day-to-day living means the body is constantly renewing its tissues. In some parts of the body, such as the gut and bone marrow, stem cells regularly divide to produce new body tissues for maintenance and repair.

Stem cells are present inside different types of tissue. Scientists have found stem cells in tissues including the brain and liver.

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Explain and give an example of cell differentiation

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Explain and give an example of cell differentiation

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Cell differentiation is the process through which a cell undergoes changes in gene expression to become a more specific type of cell.

Example: in animals, every species starts as a single cell: the zygote and from there even the largest animals such as the whale can be created.

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Describe the use of stem cells to treat Stargardt’s disease and Diabetes

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Describe the use of stem cells to treat Stargardt’s disease and Diabetes

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Regarding Stargardt’s disease, there is currently no treatment for it. However, using stem cells can generate a virtually unlimited supply of healthy RPE cells. RPE cells are the first cells to die off in Stargardt's and other forms of macular degeneration.

Treating with stem cells enables researchers to track the disease from the very earliest stages, before the point when diabetes is usually picked up in a patient. Skin cells from a person with diabetes can be reprogrammed into induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells that have the potential to make any cell type in the body, including beta cells, as well as the immune cells that attack and destroy beta cells in type 1 diabetes.

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Describe the difference between embryonic stem cells, cord blood stem cells and adult stem cells, where each are found or cultured and what each can become.

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Describe the difference between embryonic stem cells, cord blood stem cells and adult stem cells, where each are found or cultured and what each can become.

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Embryonic Stem Cells: They are derived from embryos and most of them are fertilized in a lab (in vitro). Some of the cells in the inner cell mass are pluripotent, meaning that they can make every type of cell in the body.

Cord Blood Stem Cells: Umbilical Cord Blood is the blood left over in your umbilical cord after your baby is born. Doctors have increasingly turned to cord blood stem cells as a life-saving alternative to bone marrow transplants.

Adult Stem Cells: They have been identified in many organs and tissues, including brain, bone marrow, peripheral blood, blood vessels, skeletal muscle, skin, teeth, heart, etc.

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Evaluate one ethical implication of stem cell research.

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Evaluate one ethical implication of stem cell research.

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Research with hECs have come across many ethical issues

Destruction of embryos

Creation of embryos specifically for research purposes

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Describe a NON Therapeutic use for Stem Cells

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Describe a NON Therapeutic use for Stem Cells

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If people don’t want to eat meat then they will use stem cells to grow it. “Cultured” or “synthetic” meat could be constructed with different characteristics and be produced faster and more efficiently than traditional meat.