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Mycobacterium Tuberculosis is a bacterium that causes tuberculosis(TB). The bacteria usually attacks the lungs, but tuberculosis bacteria can attack any part of the body- spine, brain, and kidney(s). Not everyone infected with Tuberculosis bacteria becomes sick. Although, if not treated properly, tuberculosis can be fatal. There are two TB-related conditions that exist: Latent TB infection and TB disease.

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Who gets Tuberculosis? How is Tuberculosis acquired?

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Who gets Tuberculosis? How is Tuberculosis acquired?

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TB bacteria are spread through the air from one person to another. The Tb bacteria are put into the air when a person with TB disease of the lungs or throat coughs, speaks, or sings. People nearby may breathe in these bacteria and become infected. When a person breathes in TB bacteria, the bacteria can settle in the lungs and begin to grow. From there, they can move through the blood to other parts of the body.

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Symptoms of TB disease depend on where in the body the TB bacteria are growing. TB bacteria usually grow in the lungs, so these symptoms can be depicted quickly. A bad cough that last 3 weeks or longer can definitely mean that an individual has been in contact with the bacteria. Pain in the chest is a symptom that can cause confusion for the simple fact that Chest pain can be a sign of numerous things. If those symptoms are not alarming enough, coughing up blood or phlegm is definitely a sign. Other symptoms include: fatigue, lack of appetite, chills, fever, and night-sweating. Although these are some symptoms, it honestly depends on where the disease is effecting the body.

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When TB bacteria become active(multiplying in the body) and the immune system can’t stop the bacterium from growing, that is when an individual is officially diagnosed with Tuberculosis. Tuberculosis can be treated by taking several medications for 6 to 9 months. There are several of these drugs that have been approved by the FDA- Isoniazid, rifampin, ethambutol, pyrazinamide, and many others. If an individual ceases from finishing their prescribed medication, they can become sick again. Treatment varies if an infected individual is pregnant, has contracted HIV, or if the individual is a child.

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How to prevent the contraction of Tuberculosis

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How to prevent the contraction of Tuberculosis

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In many countries, TB is more common that it is in the United States. Travelers should avoid close contact or prolonged time with known TB patients. Travelers should avoid crowded, enclosed environments. It is imperative if an individual is concerned about getting the disease, they have a TB skin test done yearly. If an individual is in a high risk class of contracting the disease they should go ahead and take daily medications to avoid the chance of even contracting Tuberculosis. People who have the disease have a large amount of bacteria in their bodies, so it is important to be watchful and cautious when around a large group of people, because Tuberculosis is extremely easy to contract.