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Mayo Clinic. (2018). "Down syndrome" January 8th, 2022, https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/down-syndrome/symptoms-causes/syc-20355977

The Global Down Syndrome Foundation. (2018). "Facts and FAQ About Down Syndrome" January 8th, 2022, https://www.globaldownsyndrome.org/about-down-syndrome/facts-about-down-syndrome

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The main cause of Down syndrome is Trisomy 21. This means that instead of having two copies of the 21st chromosome, the person has three copies. The cause of this is likely to be a mistake when dividing cells as the egg/sperm cell is in the process of developing.

There are also two lesser known Down syndrome types known as Mosaic Down syndrome and Translocation Down syndrome.

Mosaic Down syndrome occurs when a person has a few cells with an extra copy of the 21st chromosome, which is also caused by abnormal cell division.

Translocation Down syndrome occurs when part of the 21st chromosome attaches to another chromosome. People who have this type of Down syndrome have the normal two copies of the 21st chromosome but have additional genetic material from the one of the 21st chromosomes on another chromosome.

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Many symptoms occur in people with Down syndrome. Some symptom examples will be listed below.

- Slow growth
- Learning disabilities
- Slow speech progression
- Vision difficulty
- Social effects
- Muscle development

Most, if not all of these symptoms can limit a person with Down syndrome to learn and develop as fast as a person without Down syndrome.

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While there is no fully working treatment for Down syndrome, it would be best to have specialists develop a person's skills as soon as possible as it can improve a person's quality of life.

Some specialists you can talk to are:
Primary care pediatrician - (Recommended for improving mental/physical health)
Developmental pediatrician - (Recommended for child development)
Speech pathologist - (Recommended to learn speech)

It is recommended you have a team of healthcare providers and therapists to get the most information on how to deal with disabilities.

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How long should a person live with Down syndrome?

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How long should a person live with Down syndrome?

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Thankfully, the average life expectancy of a person with Down Syndrome is 60 years. This is because the mutation is not that deadly and a person with it should expect to live a normal, healthy life with appropriate care from medical workers.

Although the life expectancy is not dangerously low, it is recommended to continue assisting a person with Down syndrome until they are capable of caring for themselves.

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What is other information you should know?

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What is other information you should know?

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Some important facts about Down syndrome is that it is caused by a cell division that creates an extra 21st chromosome or a part of the 21st chromosome. This occurs in the first stage of PMAT in meiosis. Mistakes are more likely to occur in the first stage of meiosis than the second stage.

Another important fact about Down syndrome is that the mutation is not inherited. As said above, it is caused by a mistake when cells are dividing during meiosis.

The last important fact is that as a woman gets older, the chances of their baby having Down syndrome increases. This is because older eggs have an increased chance of making a mistake while dividing cells. The chances increase once a woman is 35 years old.

That doesn't mean it is impossible to have a baby with Down syndrome though if a woman is under 35, the chances are just less likely.