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Compound Nouns

A compound noun is a noun that is made with two or more words. A compound noun is usually [noun + noun] or [adjective + noun], but there are other combinations (see below). It is important to understand and recognize compound nouns. Each compound noun acts as a single unit and can be modified by adjectives and other nouns.

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Examples:
football.
Keyboard.
Blackboard.
Breakfast.
sunrise, etc.

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Examples:
mother-in-law.

check-in.

passer-by, etc.

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Examples:

swimming pool.

air conditioner.

washing machine.

bus stop etc.

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Compound nouns tend to have more stress on the first word. In the phrase "pink ball", both words are equally stressed (as you know, adjectives and nouns are always stressed). In the compound noun "golf ball", the first word is stressed more (even though both words are nouns, and nouns are always stressed). Since "golf ball" is a compound noun we consider it as a single noun and so it has a single main stress - on the first word. Stress is important in compound nouns. For example, it helps us know if somebody said "a GREEN HOUSE" (a house which is painted green) or "a GREE Nhouse" (a building made of glass for growing plants inside).

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Different varieties of English, and even different writers, may use the open, hyphenated or closed form for the same compound noun. It is partly a matter of style. There are no definite rules. For example we can find:

container ship
container-ship
containership

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1 Noun + noun _________(bus stop +fire-Fay)
2 adjective + noun _______(full moon + blackboard)
3 verb + noun __________(breakfast + swimming pool)
4 noun + verb __________(haircut +Tain spotting)
5 noun + preposition phrase _____(mother-in-law)
6 preposition + noun ______ (underworld)
7 noun + adjective ______(truckful)