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Foreign countries like Britain, France, Germany, Russia and Japan have been exploiting the weaknesses of China and expanded their controls over certain areas in China. They had also put on a series of unfair trading agreement which had aroused lots of grievances and a well known example would be in 1842, when Britain seized control over Hong Kong.

Therefore, as a sign of opposing the foreigners, a secret Chinese group had been established - Society of Righteous and Harmonious Fists (Boxers). The organisation had launched a series of attacks on foreigners which made the foreign powers to suppress the Boxers and many of them were executed. Due to the rebellion, China had to pay a heavy fine to the foreigners and the citizens had to pay a large amount of tax.

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since 2000BC china had been ruled by an emperor ( the keeper of the mandate of heaven ) the dynasty that ruled china during 1900 were the Manchuria and were from Manchuria which was a state outside of china. like in modern time the citizens disliked being rule by "foreigners" thus-wise leading to a pretty unsuccessful rule.

In 1898 Emperor Guangxu attempted to increase chinas strength by adding some reforms. however these were opposed by Empress Dowager Cixi, Emperor Guangxu aunt, She and her supporters seized power and had Emperor Guangxu  put under house arrest. Empress Dowager Cixi was the wife of the emperor before Guangxi after her husbands death she managed to retain a large amount of power.

In 1908 Emperor Guangxi and Dowager Empress Cixi died. the new emperor was a 2 year old Puyi. for the time being an inexperienced prince Chun, was the regent however due to his inexperience he could not provide a strong government.

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Pesants, Taxes and Dismissal.

Pesants had a fragile and dangerous life. Natural disasters contributed to the pressures imposed on both landlords and the government, and a drought or flooding would result in widespread famine. The majority of peasants did not survive much past the age of 40.
With taxes on the rise Prince Chun needed to reinforce the army, which was costly, so he raised taxes on tea, wine, salt, and bread to help pay for it. People were also expected to pay taxes to finance a new railway construction program.

Yuan Shikai's dismissal
General Yuan Shikai (a very capable general in the army) was dismissed by Prince Chun because he was becoming too powerful. Yuan Shikai desired his remission.

Yuan was to be able to exact his vengeance when a revolt erupted in China in 1911. He was asked to assist in the suppression of the uprising, but he deceived the Emperor. He defeated the insurgents but struck a bargain with them to convince the Manchus to surrender power and create a republic in China—as long as he remained President.

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Sun Yat Sen grew up in a peasant family. His brother was going emigrated to Hawaii and Sun was invited with him. While he was in Hawaii he was educated by English missionaries who taught him about English democracy. He thought that China should be the same. When he went back to China he was very critical about their features, he was so critical he was asked to leave. Then he went to college in Hong Kong. He saw foreigners making money out of his country. He founded multiple secretive foundations with the aim of overthrowing the Manchus by force. All his attempts kept on failing and failing. When he finally succeeded. Sun was in the USA on a fundraising trip. He rushes back to China, expecting to be made the President.

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In the year 1911, the peasants in Sichuan Province started a rebellion. Along with Sun's supporters and the army in Wuchang, the spread across China.

However, Prince Chun sent Yuan Shi Kai, a retired man, to come out of retirement and lead the army of China. He quickly defeated the rebels and captured Wuchang.

Surprisingly, he made a deal withe the rebels that he would convince Prince Chun and the emperor to step down from the throne and make China into a republic. He would then get to be the first president of China in return.
Consequently, in 1912, Prince Chun and the Emperor Pu Yi gave up the throne, and China was made into a republic.

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-A queue is like a man hairstyle back in Han China's history. Man must do the queue to represent themselves. Han Chinese Culture the years of history.

-Foot binding is for women basically foot binding is when you breaking and tightly binding of young women size of their feet the action was considered as a status symbol back in the Han Chinese history. People thinks is a mark of beauty.

-Landlords is a person who owns land people will get killed because the government want more land to make them more  rich to make b