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Many men and woman had been executed, there was lots of witchcraft,lots of sinfull acts.

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The reformation had a big impact on society, the catholic church became more unified, Monarchs and states gained greater power.

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The catholic church wanted to change to keep the believers loyal. pope paul set up a inquistion to put doctrines into practice.

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- Martin Luther.
-Philipp Melanchthon.
-Justus Jonas.
-Martin Chemnitz.
-Georg Spalatin.
-Joachim Westphal.
-Andreas Osiander.
-Johannes Brenz.

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Calvin taught that people are sinfull by nature and predestination , religious teachings were called calvinism.

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-Predestination-Doctrine that god has decided all things before hand,including what people will be saved
-Calvinism- Religious teachings based on the idea of the reformer john Calvin
-Theocracy -Government controlled by religious leaders
-Presbyterian Member of a orotistant church governed elders and founder by john knox
-Anabaptist- member of protestantism group during the reformation who believed only adults should be baptized.
also believed that the church state should be separate
-Catholic reformation-16th century catholic reform movement in response to protestant reformation
_ Jesuits - Members of the society of jesus, a roman catholic religious order founded by ignatius of loyola
_ Council of trent- meeting of roman catholic leaders to rule on doctrines criticized by the protestant reformers.

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Many men and woman had been executed. There was lots of witchcraft and a lot of sins.

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The catholic church became more unified. Monarchs and states gained greater power.

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The Catholic church wanted to change to keep the believers loyal. Pope Paul set up an inquisition to put doctrines into practice.

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Martin Luther.

Philipp Melanchthon.

Justus Jonas.

Martin Chemnitz.

Georg Spalatin.

Joachim Westphal.

Andreas Osiander

Johannes Brenz

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Calvin taught that people are sinful by nature and predestination. His religious teaching were called Calvinism.

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Predestination- Doctrine that God has decided all things beforehand, including which people will be saved/DoctrinaCalvinism- Religious teachings based on the ideas of the reformer John CalvinTheocracy- Government controlled by religious leadersPresbyterian- Member of a Protestant church governed by elders and founded by John Knox/Iglesia.

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Predestination- Doctrine that God has decided all things beforehand, including which people will be saved/DoctrinaCalvinism- Religious teachings based on the ideas of the reformer John CalvinTheocracy- Government controlled by religious leadersPresbyterian- Member of a Protestant church governed by elders and founded by John Knox/Iglesia.

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The Reformation lagacy has been hotly debated. It has been credited with increasing literacy rate, improving the lives of women, birthing modern capitalism,.

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The Counter-Reformation, also called the catholic Reformation or the Catholic revival, was the period of Catholic resurgence  that was initiated in repose to the Protestant Reformation.

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Many men and woman had been executed. There was was lots of witchcraft. There was a lot of sinful acts and devilish practices.

# data[].attributes.body
The Reformation had a big impact on society. The catholic church became more unified. Monarchs and states gained greater power.

# data[].attributes.body
The Catholic church wanted to change to keep the believers loyal. Pope Paul set up an inquisition to put doctrines into practice.

# data[].attributes.body
Martin Luther.

Philipp Melanchthon.

Justus Jonas.

Martin Chemnitz.

Georg Spalatin.

Joachim Westphal.

Andreas Osiander

Johannes Brenz

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Calvin taught that people are sinful by nature and predestination. Hi religious teaching were called Calvinism.

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During high religious turmoil, many men and women were executed. This was due to them being accused of witchcraft. Witchcraft was to be known as the devils work and involves sinful acts which lead them to being executed.

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Lots of people began thinking there was witches. They accused them of which craft and went after them. Men and women were executed because of this .

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During high religious turmoil, many men and women were executed. This was due to them being accused of witchcraft. Witchcraft was seen as a work of the devil, and so those people were dubbed Anti-Christ, and were slaughtered. Witch hunts slowed down when there was less religious turmoil.

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The reformation left a big impact on society. By the end of the Reformation, many people still remained Christian. Religious war also exploded throughout Europe.

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During the renaissance so many people were poor and there life was violent .

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The reformation helped a lot with today's education system and how the catholic churches are more unified

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Pope Paul III had set out to revive the moral authority of the Church. He set out to end abuse and corruption from within the Church. He managed to reform the Church quite a bit.

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The catholic reformation was a catholic revival in response to the protestant reformation it began in the council of Trent and ended with the large religious wars across Europe

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Calvin attempted to reform geneva in 1536, he had established a new government based on the church.

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The witchcraft outbreak originated in Salem Village with Betty Parris being the first afflicted girl. See the Salem Witchcraft essay for a detailed explanation of the causes and events of the Salem witch trials.

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Some of the other Protestants were martin Luther she was the supporter for women equal marriage

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The reformation helped with the education system. This is still relevant to today’s time. They created schools and places to work to make it easier and help more with the education people were getting .

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The inquisition was a powerful set up with the Catholic church to punish heresy throughout Europe.

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Secret Files of the Inquisition (Part 3) War on Ideas

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Secret Files of the InquisitionPart 3War on Ideas

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Martin Luther.

Philipp Melanchthon.

Justus Jonas.

Martin Chemnitz.

Georg Spalatin.

Joachim Westphal.

Andreas Osiander.

Johannes Brenz.

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Martin Luther.
Philipp Melanchthon.
Justus Jonas.
Martin Chemnitz.
Georg Spalatin.
Joachim Westphal.
Andreas Osiander.
Johannes Brenz.

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Calvin taught people to besinful by nature he also believed in predestination which means that god chooses in the beginning wither u go to heaven or not.

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Ulrich Zwingli was a priest and an admirer of Erasmus. He had very similar ideas to Luther.  Ulrich managed to convince the city-council of Zurich to reform its churches.

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In 1517 there was a priest named Johann tetzel who had set up a pulpit in the outskirt of writtenbergin Germany.

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The reformation had a long lasting impact on society. The catholic church became united when they got a result of the Council of Trent.
The reformation declined the authority for the church. Women had in mind that the statues in society might improve according to the result in the reformation.

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We are now 500 years removed from that fateful Halloween night when Martin Luther went looking for an academic debate over a mundane religious practice. Hoping to initiate a discussion, Luther posted a long set of propositions on the medieval equivalent of an internet discussion board - the doors of a church. In a surprising turn of events, this routine action ignited a sociocultural episode that we now call the Reformation, which eventually ended in the schism of the post-medieval Roman Catholic Church into competing factions that have remained separated ever since.

Our view of the Reformation is clouded by our religious commitments - or lack thereof. The liturgical and theological developments of the Reformation, and the religious reforms it prompted within Roman Catholicism, offer little more than historical interest to the secular reader. German speakers might be interested to know how Luther's translation of the New Testament in the vernacular helped standardize written German, but fewer today would be interested in embracing his distinctive theological beliefs, even if they might draw some moral inspiration from his campaign to end the abuses of indulgences that saw him pitted against the might of the Catholic Church.

For the religious, the legacy of the Reformation is necessarily framed by the tradition evaluating it. Mainline Protestants tend to view the Reformation with ambivalence, while conservative factions pay tribute to it by forming and naming their organizations, churches, publications, and charities around the distinctives of the Reformed, Lutheran, and Anabaptist communities. One of the most important legacies of the Reformation is still with us today: inspired by Luther, generations of Protestant missionaries and scholars have sought to translate the Bible into the vernacular.

Luther's September Testament, his first German translation of the New Testament, 1522. The illustration on the left, a woodcut by Lucas Cranach the Elder, depicts the binding of Satan in Revelation 20:1-3.

It is no surprise that Catholics tend to view the Reformation more negatively. Although recent Catholic scholarship has been more irenic and less strident in its evaluation of Luther as a sympathetic actor seeking to reform serious abuses of the late medieval church, it isn't clear that popular Catholic sentiment has caught up. The standard line seems to be that Luther and the Reformation represent a stark overcorrection to problems that should have been handled internally and were hardly sufficient to warrant splintering the church into a thousand pieces. It is claimed that Luther's successful dissent (or "rebellion " as it is called in some circles) from the Catholic Magisterium created a precedent that is followed to this day, with Protestant factions dividing from each other almost daily. More revisionist arguments claim the Reformation is to blame for every modern social ill, from the debasing of online discourse to unchecked consumerism. The Reformation and its children, therefore, are primarily a force of division and confusion, unable to present a unified, effective witness to a world in desperate need of God and his truths.

The argument that Protestantism is necessarily the cause of division takes a variety of forms, most of which were heavily promoted during the combined rise of internet blogging and discussion boards, and the George W. Bush administration. It was a time of religious ascension, where pundits predicted a new Republican era and continued evangelical dominance of politics. In this cultural space, Protestant and Catholic factions found themselves vying for epistemological supremacy in an ostensibly Christian nation. This desire for power wasn't necessarily a conscious motivation, but there was a sense of urgency to the arguments that went beyond the spiritual, as if the only remaining question wasn't whether Christians would control American life, but which version of Christianity would hold the reigns of power. Though the signs of today's religious atrophy were present, they remained partially obscured by explicitly Christian politicians holding the highest offices in the land.

The ascension of Barack Obama and the progressive coalition stemmed much of this enthusiasm, as did a number of serious and tragic failings of institutional Christianity. The unexpected return of a Republican to the White House might feature a Vice President with stalwart religious credentials, but the top of the ticket is hardly known for his deep faith and virtuous practices. Furthermore, most major institutions and businesses in the West are either implicitly or explicitly secular, their culture flowing downstream, shaping the next generation of voters in ways that prejudice them against Christianity. The sidelining of religious ideas in society presents an opportunity to revisit a potential cultural alliance between Protestants and Catholics.

Yet the arguments against the Reformation remain, and they risk driving an unnecessary wedge between Catholics and Protestants. We differ on important theological concepts, but we share many of the same cultural concerns, such as the need to demarcate and protect religious spaces, relatively free from government interference, in which we can nourish our ailing institutions - the churches, schools, and charities that constitute the vast majority of our religious strength.

Additionally, Protestantism and Catholicism are the only social forces with the philosophical capital necessary to resist the cold determinism currently enveloping our elite institutions and enervating moral behavior and general happiness. Yet this natural alliance to protect religious practice and promote its social goods is undermined by arguments that suggest the Reformation and its spiritual children are the main drivers of religious and epistemological chaos. These arguments create a cloud of suspicion, suggesting than any cooperation with Protestants on cultural or political projects tacitly empowers a theological force that breeds dissension and confusion. The promise of greater cooperation is not a sufficient reason to say those arguments are wrong, but it is a sufficient reason to revisit them.

Perhaps the most popular argument, employed in both Catholic and atheist criticisms of American Christianity, is that Protestantism has divided into something like 33,000 denominations. If the Reformation had been stopped, so the argument goes, the Christian Church would have prevented everything from the terrible European religious wars to the theological confusion that plagues modern life. Christians would expend far fewer resources fighting each other and be able to turn those resources toward external problems. This particular argument has failed for a variety of reasons, not the least that it is a profound misreading of the scholarship on which the exaggerated "33,000" figure is based.

But we can still be charitable and acknowledge the main concern: however erroneous it is to think that there are tens of thousands of Protestant denominations, there are clear and obvious divisions within American Christianity that hinder its effectiveness. Is it so wrong to believe that the Reformation, born out of Luther's rejection of authority, is a fundamentally divisive movement that cannot meaningfully witness to the modern world?

"Luther Triumphant," 1568 (?). Luther, on the right, is depicted holding a Bible and facing Pope Leo X, who holds the crumbling key of Peter. Luther, who has passed away, inspires Protestants during a time of religious persecution. Pope Leo X is seated on a tipping throne, propped up by fanatical clergy and a demon.

I want to suggest that our current religious fragmentation is primarily caused by the interaction of a complex set of social and technological innovations, rather than anything inherent in the Reformation. On the technology side, the automobile, the printing press, and its modern analogue, the internet, have fundamentally changed our ability to find and process new information. Socially, we have been shaped by a profound commitment to individualism that warps both our religious and secular practices.

Consider this: 600 years ago, the idea of a person radically changing her theological practices is as difficult to imagine as it was impractical. The medieval peasant might have traveled farther than we give her credit for, but the feudal and Catholic realities under which she labored meant she was ultimately bound to a particular piece of land and the secular and spiritual authorities that ruled it. Not that migrating to another the local lord would even affect much change: every European church preached the same basic doctrine, dispensing sacramental grace through wafers and baptisms as dictated by the hierarchy of bishops in the city of Rome. To dissent was to risk excommunication, social ostracization, financial penalty, torture, and even death.

Today, if someone doesn't like what his pastor is preaching, he can connect to the internet, search for new churches nearby, and, next Sunday, get into an automobile, drive a few miles, and warm the pews of a congregation that better fits his theological preferences. The idea that the government might collaborate with the man's previous church to punish his change of beliefs and practices is so far removed from reality that even to suggest it reeks of conspiracy. With the end of feudalism, this person is no longer tied to the local baron and his priest. And the post-feudal economy provides him other social benefits that facilitate his religious freedom, such as near-universal literacy and a financial and medical stability that allows him to read a large variety of Bible translations and commentaries from the comfort of his home.

Underlying all this is a kind of cognitive individualism that claims the individual, by himself, has the capacity to understand the world through his own powers of reasoning. The individualized approach to reason, coupled with radical personal autonomy, is one of the strongest forces in our society and is the primary cause of much of the social division that plagues the religious and non-religious alike. It suggests people can reason out truth by themselves without much (or any) accountability. The social dimensions are almost completely ignored.

Predictably, this view of reason results in people going their own way. Its non-religious expression is perhaps best seen in our current political environment, from the rise of talk radio to the proliferation of ideologically distinct internet sites, the fracturing of society into partisan tribes of ever shrinking dimensions is the inevitable result of a society that celebrates individual autonomy. And we are divided not only in our politics but in the epistemic habits that frame our understanding of the world. Large percentages of Americans live as they reason, without any close friends or contact with neighbors.

An individualized view of the self and its reasoning abilities is far removed from the beliefs and practices of the Reformers. Even Luther's famous stand at the Diet of Worms, though predicated on his conscience (and Scripture), was a defense ultimately grounded in a communitarian view of reason, evinced by his regular interaction with the early church fathers, religious tradition, and contemporary scholars and intellectuals like Cardinal Thomas Cajetan and Philip Melanchthon.

The institutional nature of Catholicism suggests it has a framework to resist the secular pressures of individualism, but it's hard to see how it has survived much better than Protestantism. In the American context, for example, the overwhelming majority of Catholics, including those who attend weekly Mass, appear to dissent from the Magisterium's teachings on contraception. Is this internal division also the fault the Reformation? It would be better to suggest this spiritual attrition is due to realities of the modern age rather than faults inherent to either the Reformation or Catholicism.

As both ancient scribes asserted and modern sociological research suggest, all of us reason in a community. The friends we choose to reason with will shape our view of the world, and without good friends, our ability to arrive at meaningful life choices is imperiled. This suggests that Protestants and Catholics can benefit from each other as cultural friends. Our respective social traditions provide a wealth of perspectives in responding to and engaging the most pressing issues of our time.

We live in a time where religious practice is challenged and diminishing. Why not work together?

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We are now 500 years removed from that fateful Halloween night when Martin Luther went looking for an academic debate over a mundane religious practice. Hoping to initiate a discussion, Luther posted a long set of propositions on the medieval equivalent of an internet discussion board - the doors of a church.

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The council of trent met on and off for 20 years. They put very strict policies in place fir the catholic church. These policies helped end abuse towards the catholic church as well.

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The Council of Trent in 5 and a half minutes

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The Reformation's legacy has been hotly debated. It has been credited with increasing literacy rates, improving the lives of women, birthing modern capitalism, advancing the scientific revolution, and giving rise to the Protestant work ethic.

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A catholic reformer called Ignatius, founded a new group based
on the loyalty for Jesus. Their group was called Jesuits and started schools across Europe. They sent missionaries to convert people to Catholicism.

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Catholic Counter-Reformation: Crash Course European History #9

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Calvinism:A religious belief and ideas taught by John Calvin

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Protestantism arose elsewhere in the 1530s.

Calvin taught that people are sinful by nature.

He also taught predestination.

Preacher John Knox put ideas into practice in Scotland.

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They spoke and said that people should be baptized into
the faith of adults. They thought the state and church should be separate
from each other.

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The Protestant Reformation explained (explainity® explainer video)

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Predestination-Doctrine that god has decided all things beforehand including which people will be saved.

Calvinism-Religious teaching based on the Ideas of the reformer John Calvin.

Theocracy-Government controlled by religious leaders.

Presbyterian-Member of a protestant church governed by elders and founded by John Knox.

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Calvin was born in France. He was trained as a priest and as a lawyer. Calvin held many of the same beliefs as Luther did. After Zwingli's death, Calvin took over as leader. Calvin reformed a placed called Geneva. Calvin would eventually become more influental than Luther,

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Reformation, also called Protestant Reformation, the religious revolution that took place in the Western church in the 16th century. Its greatest leaders undoubtedly were Martin Luther and John Calvin.

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the Reformation had an enduring impact on society.Meanwhile, the Catholic Church became more unified as a result of the reforms started at the Council of trent The Reformation caused an overall decline in the authority of the church.

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Calvin used Protestant principles to establish a religious government. He also teached the predestination. he teached a religion called the Calvinism.

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One Catholic reformer was a Spanish noble named Ignatius. He founded a new group in the Church based on deep devotion to Jesus.

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Predestination- Doctrine that God has decided all things beforehand, including which people will be saved

Calvinism- Religious teachings based on the idea of the reformer John Calvin

Theocracy- Government controlled by religious leaders

Presbyterian- Member of a orotistant church governed elders and founder by John Knox

Anabaptist- Member of  Protestantism group during the reformation who believed only adults should be baptized. Also believed that the church state should be separate

Catholic reformation- 16th century catholic reform movement in response to Protestant Reformation

Jesuits- Members of the society of Jesus, a Roman Catholic religious order founded by Ignatius of Loyola

Council of Trent- Meeting of Roman Catholic leaders to rule on doctrines criticized by the protestant reformers

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Many women played key roles in the Reformation.Katharina von Bora was the wife of Martin Luther she supported an equal role for women in marriage.

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The Protestant Reformation Explained: World History Review

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A super fast, fun and focused look at the Protestant Revolution and role Martin Luther played in changing the history of the world. Subscribe to HipHughes to keep the universe aligned for free here https://www.youtube.com/user/hughesdv?

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Calvin created a theocracy in Geneva, Switzerland. It was government run by religious leaders.It had strict rules of Calvin created a theocracy in Geneva

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Predestination- The belief that God has already decided who will gain salvation
Crusader-A fighter in the medieval Crusades

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Predestination: predestination is the idea that God determines beforehand who will be saved.

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Catholic Reformation;16th-century Catholic reform movement in

response to Protestant Reformation

Jesuits; Members of the Society of Jesus, a Roman Catholic religious order founded by Ignatius of Loyola

Council of Trent; Meeting of Roman Catholic leaders to rule on

doctrines criticized by the Protestant reformers

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Martin Luther also had many ideas like Calvin. Religious groups that broke away began following Calvin and Luther’s rules . Calvin’s ruled became more famous than Luther’s.

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calvinists felt like they were chosen and always doing gods work. They wanted to build a new society by working hard, honesty, discipline, thrift and morality. If these were not followed or if they would disobey like laugh in church they would face fines.

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Sects- These were religious groups.
Predestination- the divine foreordaining of all that will happen especially with regard to the salvation of some and not others .

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The Protestant Reformation: Crash Course European History #6

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John Calvin is known for his influential Institutes of the Christian Religion (1536), which was the first systematic theological treatise of the reform movement. He stressed the doctrine of predestination, and his interpretations of Christian teachings, known as Calvinism, are characteristic of Reformed churches.

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Reformation, also called Protestant Reformation, the religious revolution that took place in the Western church in the 16th century. Its greatest leaders undoubtedly were Martin Luther and John Calvin.