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Dalit families, hence landless.

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Small Farmers

Own small plots of land : less than 2 hectares

Cultivation done but not enough to sustain

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Medium & Rich Farmers

Own more than 2 hectares of land

Some even have upto 10 hectartes of land

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Why do so many farmers have either no land or very small pieces of land?

How was this land divided?

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Pg 5-6;

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Landless, hence work on others fields or do other petty jobs

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Family works on the land

But production insufficient

Hence, also work on other's lands as farm labourers for additional income

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Borrow from moneylenders/traders for basic sustenance

Very high rate of interest on such loans

Under distress to repay

Often fall into debt trap

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Borrow from moneylenders/traders for basic sustenance

Very high rate of interest on such loans

Under distress to repay

Often fall into debt trap

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Have savings from farming earnings for capital

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No land, hence no surplus.

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Production is less

Majority share of crop for family consumption

Very less surplus to sell

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Major supplier of crop to the market

Have adequate production for self consumption and for selling

Usually sold through traders

Earnings from surplus used as:

1. Capital for next season

2. Savings

3. Money lending

4. Buying cattle, machinery etc.

5. Start other non farm activities to supplement income

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Pg 7 - 9

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Pg 9-10

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Pg 10

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Why are Dala & Ramkali poor?

Is this why people migrate to cities?

Is their life in cities better?

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Will Savita ever be able to break the debt cycle?

What is the government doing to help?

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Then, will the rich always remain rich and the poor always remain poor?

Why can't farmers in India be prosperous?

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Hire Farm labourers, who:

are paid wages: either in Cash/Kind

have no control over crops grown

may get meals

Wages vary as per: region, crops, activity to be done

Duration of employment varies: daily, activity period, all year

More availability of farm labour vs lesser demand = high competition = low wages for labourers

Hence, govt. guidelines on wages often not followed